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arXiv 0712.3569q-bio.MNq-bio.GN
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MicroRNA系统生物学

MicroRNA Systems Biology

Edwin Wang

摘要:

近年来,microRNAs(miRNAs)已成为调控基因表达的重要转录后调节因子。miRNAs调节许多关键的生物学过程,包括细胞生长、死亡、发育和分化。这一发现正在挑战分子生物学的中心法则。基因通过形成细胞网络共同工作。miRNAs通过与细胞网络相互作用发挥其功能已成为一个新兴的概念。因此,了解miRNAs如何在系统水平上参与细胞过程至关重要。本文首先介绍了miRNAs的基本知识及其与心脏疾病和癌症的关系,重点介绍了miRNAs在滤除基因表达噪声等方面的功能。我还将介绍细胞网络的基本概念,并解释它们的生物学意义,使网络概念在生物学背景下消化,并为生物学家所理解。最后,我将总结在系统水平上理解miRNA生物学的最新进展:主要细胞网络包括信号、代谢、蛋白质相互作用和基因调控网络的miRNA调控原理。一个共同的miRNA调控原则正在出现:miRNA优先调控具有高调控复杂性的基因。此外,miRNAs优先调控正调控基序、高度连接的支架和细胞信号网络中最下游的网络成分,而miRNAs则选择性调控代谢网络中具有特定网络结构特征的基因。

英文摘要:

Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as central posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. miRNAs regulate many key biological processes, including cell growth, death, development and differentiation. This discovery is challenging the central dogma of molecular biology. Genes are working together by forming cellular networks. It has become an emerging concept that miRNAs could intertwine with cellular networks to exert their function. Thus, it is essential to understand how miRNAs take part in cellular processes at a systems-level. In this review, I will first introduce basic knowledge of miRNAs and their relations to heart disaeses and cancer, highlight recently dicovered functions such as filtering out gene expression noise by miRNAs. I will aslo introduce basic concepts of cellular networks and interpret their biological meaning in such a way that the network concepts are digested in a biological context and are understandable for biologists. Finally, I will summarize the most recent progress in understanding of miRNA biology at a systems-level: the principles of miRNA regulation of the major cellular networks including signaling, metabolic, protein interaction and gene regulatory networks. A common miRNA regulatory principle is emerging: miRNAs preferentially regulated the genes that have high regulation complexity. In addition, miRNAs preferentially regulate positive regulatory motifs, highly connected scaffolds and the most network downstream components of cellular signaling networks, while miRNAs selectively regulate the genes which have specific network structural features on metabolic networks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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