Roberto Casalbuoni, Joaquim Gomis, Giorgio Longhi
We construct a classical non-relativistic string model in 3+1 dimensions. The model contains a spurion tensor field that is responsible for the non-commutative structure of the model. Under double dimensional reduction the model reduces to the exotic non-relativistic particle in 2+1 dimensions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
继续探索
Solutions of classical string theory, correspondent to the world sheets, mapped in Minkowsky space with a fold, are considered. Typical processes for them are creation of strings from vacuum, their recombination and annihilation. These solutions violate positiveness of square of mass and Regge condition. In quantum string theory these solutions correspond to physical states |DDF>+|sp> with non-zero spurious component.
We investigate string-phenomenological questions of Hull's exotic superstring theories with Euclidean strings/branes and multiple times. These are known to be plagued by pathologies like the occurrence of ghosts. On the other hand, these theories exhibit de Sitter solutions. Our special focus lies on the question of the coexistence of such de Sitter solutions and ghost-free brane worlds. To this end, the world-sheet CFT description of Euclidean fundamental strings is generalized to include also the open string/D-brane sector. Demanding that in the "observable" gauge theory sector the gauge fie…
We examine the set of objects which can be built in type IIA string theory by matrix methods using an infinite number of D0-branes. In addition to stacks of ordinary Dp-branes and branes in background fields, we find exotic states which cannot be constructed by other means. These states exhibit strongly noncommutative geometry, (e.g., partial derivatives on them do not commute) and some are conjectured to have Z_N-valued charges similar to those of the type I D-instanton. Real-valued charges are forbidden by Dirac quantization, leading to a nontrivial relationship between noncommutative topolo…
Besides the familiar D-branes, string theory contains a vast number of other non-perturbative objects. While a complete classification is lacking, many of these objects are related to each other through various dualities. Codimension two objects play a special role, because their charges are no longer additive but are instead expressed in terms of holonomies of scalar fields, which is given by an element of the relevant duality group. In this paper we present a detailed exposition of these "exotic" objects, the charges they carry, and their connection to non-geometric compactifications. Despit…
Type II RR string fields and exotic diffeomorphisms
本文基于双弦场SFT研究II型弦的RR无质量场，以明显对偶不变方式描述IIA/IIB的RR形式，并导出具有场依赖结构常数、仅在壳闭合的奇异微分同胚代数。
Exotic Branes and Symmetries of String Theory
该研究探讨了弦理论中对偶变换作为对称性的性质，指出在平坦时空中的奇异膜导致对称性自发破缺，并讨论了不同维度膜的可观测性问题。
A slightly modified and regularized version of the non-relativistic limit of the relativistic anyon model considered by Jackiw and Nair yields particles associated with the twofold central extension of the Galilei group, with independent spin and exotic structure.
When string/M-theory is compactified to lower dimensions, the U-duality symmetry predicts so-called exotic branes whose higher dimensional origin cannot be explained by the standard string/M-theory branes. We argue that exotic branes can be understood in higher dimensions as non-geometric backgrounds or U-folds, and that they are important for the physics of systems which originally contain no exotic charges, since the supertube effect generically produces such exotic charges. We discuss the implications of exotic backgrounds for black hole microstate (non-)geometries.
We compute the high energy entropy and the equation of state of a gas of open superstrings in the infinite volume limit focusing on the calculation of the number of strings as a function of energy and volume. We do it in the fixed temperature and fixed energy pictures to explicitly proof their equivalence. We find that, at high energy, an effective two dimensional behavior appears for the number of strings. Looking at the equation of state from a ten dimensional point of view, we show that the Hagedorn behavior can be seen as correcting the Zeldovich equation of state ($ρ=p$) that can be found…
We construct world-volume effective actions of exotic $5^2_2$-branes in type IIA and IIB string theories. The effective actions are given in fully space-time covariant forms with two Killing vectors associated with background isometries. The effective theories are governed by the six-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,0)$ tensor multiplet and $\mathcal{N}=(1,1)$ vector multiplet, respectively. Performing the S-duality transformation to the $5^2_2$-brane effective action in type IIB string theory, we also work out the world-volume action of the $5^2_3$-brane. We discuss some additional issues relevant…
We study some of the algebraic properties of the non-relativistic monopole. We find that we can construct theories that possess an exotic conserved fermionic charge that squares to the Casimir of the rotation group, yet do not possess an ordinary supersymmetry. This is in contrast to previous known examples with such exotic fermionic charges. We proceed to show that the presence of the exotic fermionic charge in the non-supersymmetric theory can nonetheless be understood using supersymmetric techniques, providing yet another example of the usefulness of supersymmetry in understanding non-super…
We perform canonical analysis of non-relativistic string theory with non-relativistic world-sheet gravity. We determine structure of constraints and symplectic structure of canonical variables.
In this note we perform canonical analysis of T-duality for non-relativistic string in stringy Newton-Cartan background. We confirm recent result that T-duality along longitudinal spatial direction of stringy Newton-Cartan geometry maps non-relativistic string to the relativistic string that propagates on the background with light-like isometry.
In this short note we analyse T-duality properties of non-relativistic String in Torsional Newton-Cartan Background. We also determine condition that ensures that non-relativistic string maps to non-relativistic string under T-duality.
We analyse the trapping of eigenspinors of the charge conjugation operator with dual helicity (Elko), in thin and thick string-like models with codimension-2. Elko spinor fields describe mass dimension one fermions in four dimensions (and, correspondingly, mass dimension two fermions in six dimensions), that represent natural dark matter prime candidates. This dark spinor has many applications, from particle physics to cosmology. On the other hand, six-dimensional brane-world models have, among other prominent features, the spontaneous confinement of free spin 1 fields and a mechanism that exp…
A recently constructed limit of K3 has a long neck consisting of segments, each of which is a nilfold fibred over a line, that are joined together with Kaluza-Klein monopoles. The neck is capped at either end by a Tian-Yau space, which is non-compact, hyperkahler and asymptotic to a nilfold fibred over a line. We show that the type IIA string on this degeneration of K3 is dual to the type I$'$ string, with the Kaluza-Klein monopoles dual to the D8-branes and the Tian-Yau spaces providing a geometric dual to the O8 orientifold planes. At strong coupling, each O8-plane can emit a D8-brane to giv…
We study the string worldsheet description of the background geometry of the exotic $5^2_2$-brane where two isometries are gauged. This is an extension of the gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) for the exotic $5^2_2$-brane with a single gauged isometry. The new GLSM with two gauged isometries has only ${\mathcal N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetry rather than ${\mathcal N}=(4,4)$ supersymmetry of the original GLSM. This is caused by a conflict between two different $SU(2)_R$ associated with the two gauge symmetries. However, if we take a certain limit, we can find the genuine string sigma model of the backg…
This note is devoted to the study of the open string description of Wilson loops and quarks in non-relativistic QFT.
We define non-relativistic string in the background with non-trivial metric. Then we analyze its properties when we focus on integrability of this string in AdS(5)xS(5) background.
A classification of stable singular points on world sheets of open relativistic strings is carried out.
We study non-relativistic limit of AdS(5)xS(5) background and determine corresponding Newton-Cartan fields. We also find canonical form of the new non-relativistic string in this background and discuss its formulation in the uniform light-cone gauge.
We perform canonical analysis of new non-relativistic string action that was found recently in [arXiv:2107.00642 [hep-th]]. We also discuss its gauge fixed form.
We construct actions for non-relativistic strings and membranes purely as Wess-Zumino terms of the underlying Galilei groups.
We consider two non-relativistic strings and their Galilean symmetries. These strings are obtained as the two possible non-relativistic (NR) limits of a relativistic string. One of them is non-vibrating and represents a continuum of non-relativistic massless particles, and the other one is a non-relativistic vibrating string. For both cases we write the generator of the most general point transformation and impose the condition of Noether symmetry. As a result we obtain two sets of non-relativistic Killing equations for the vector fields that generate the symmetry transformations. Solving thes…
Non-relativistic string theories promise to provide simpler theories of quantum gravity as well as tractable limits of the AdS/CFT correspondence. However, several apparently distinct non-relativistic string theories have been constructed. In particular, one approach is to reduce a relativistic string along a null isometry in target space. Another method is to perform an appropriate large speed of light expansion of a relativistic string. Both of the resulting non-relativistic string theories only have a well-defined spectrum if they have nonzero winding along a longitudinal spatial direction.…
We assume the bosonic string is a composite object of the relativistic particles. The behavior of the relativistic particles in a curve enables us to obtain the Nambu-Goto and the Polyakov actions of the bosonic string. We observe that the particles of these strings move with non-constant speeds along them.
We use gauge/string duality to model some hybrid pseudo-potentials in a pure SU(N) gauge theory. The pseudo-potentials under consideration can't be described by a single Nambu-Goto string. This is why we call them "exotic". A comparison with the calculation of the pseudo-potential shows the universality of the spatial string tension.
We study the supersymmetry projection rules on exotic branes in type II string theories and M-theory. They justify the validity of the exotic duality between standard branes and exotic branes of codimension two. By virtue of the supersymmetry projection rules on various branes, we can consider a system that involves multiple non-parallel exotic branes in the nongeometric background.
This paper is devoted to the study of the Hamiltonian dynamics of string in non-relativistic D3-brane background. We discuss different gauge fixing functions and construct corresponding gauge fixed Hamiltonians.
We analyze non-relativistic string in Newton-Cartan background that was found recently in [arXiv:1705.03535 [hep-th]]. We find its Hamiltonian formulation and study structure of constraints. We also discuss a relation between string in Newton-Cartan Background and T-duality along null reduction.
We show that the Lukierski et al. model, invariant with respect to the two-fold centrally extended Galilei group, can be decomposed into an infinite number of independent copies (differing in their spin) of the ``exotic'' particle of Duval et al. The difference between the two models is found to be sensitive to electromagnetic coupling. The nature of the noncommutative plane coordinates is discussed in the light of the exotic Galilean symmetry. We prove that the first model, interpreted as describing a non-relativistic anyon, is the non-relativistic limit of a particle with torsion related to …
Non-relativistic Strings: Classical solutions and exactly solvable models
本文研究非相对论双球面目标空间中的经典闭弦解，推导其动力学与色散关系，并构造展开Polyakov理论中领头阶和次领头阶对应的精确可解Neumann-Rosochatius型系统。
We develop a novel approach to non-relativistic closed bosonic string theory that is based on a string $1/c^2$ expansion of the relativistic string, where $c$ is the speed of light. This approach has the benefit that one does not need to take a limit of a string in a near-critical Kalb-Ramond background. The $1/c^2$-expanded Polyakov action at next-to-leading order reproduces the known action of non-relativistic string theory provided that the target space obeys an appropriate foliation constraint. We compute the spectrum in a flat target space, with one circle direction that is wound by the s…
We explore the extent to which string theories with higher-level gauge symmetries and non-standard hypercharge normalizations can reconcile the discrepancy between the string unification scale and the GUT scale extrapolated from the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We determine the phenomenologically allowed regions of (k_Y,k_2,k_3) parameter space, and investigate the proposal that there might exist string models with exotic hypercharge normalizations k_Y which are less than their usual value k_Y=5/3. For a broad class of heterotic string models (encompassing most realistic strin…
We study the pair production of open strings in constant electric fields, using a general framework which encodes both relativistic string theory and generic linearly extended systems as well. In the relativistically invariant case we recover previous results, both for pair production and for the effective Born-Infeld action. We then derive a non-relativistic limit - where the propagation velocity along the string is much smaller than the velocity of light - obtaining quantum dissipation. We calculate the pair nucleation rate for this case, which could be relevant for applications.
We study D-brane actions in non-relativistic string theory. We consider single D-brane and analyse its properties under T-duality. We also derive an action for N D8-branes and also for lower dimensional D-branes through T-duality transformations.
Non-relativistic charged open strings coupled with Abelian gauge fields are quantized in a geometric representation that generalizes the Loop Representation. The model comprises open-strings interacting through a Kalb-Ramond field in four dimensions. It is shown that a consistent geometric-representation can be built using a scheme of ``surfaces and lines of Faraday'', provided that the coupling constant (the ``charge'' of the string) is quantized.
The non-relativistic version of the non commutative Field Theory, recently introduced by Lozano, Moreno and Schaposnik [1], is shown to admit the ``exotic'' Galilean symmetry found before for point particles.
For the closed relativistic string carrying a pointlike mass the exact solutions of the dynamical equations are obtained and studied. These solutions describe states of the mentioned system moving in Minkowski space and also in the space that is the direct product of Minkowski space and a compact manifold (torus).
We find classical closed string solutions to the non-relativistic AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ string theory which are the analogue of the BMN and GKP solutions for the relativistic theory. We show that non-relativistic AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ string theory admits a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ orbifold symmetry which allows us to impose twisted boundary conditions. Among the solutions in the twisted sector, we find the one around which the semiclassical expansion in arXiv:2102.00008 takes place.
We construct classical rotating solutions of Non-relativistic String Theory. The relation among the energy and angular momenta for these solutions is of the type E=J^2. Some of the solutions saturate a BPS bound for the energy, they are 1/4 BPS supersymmetric configurations.
Spectral curve methods proved to be powerful techniques in the context of relativistic integrable string theories, since they allow to derive the semiclassical spectrum from the minimal knowledge of a Lax pair and a classical string solution. In this paper we initiate the study of the spectral curve for non-relativistic strings in AdS$_5\times S^5$. First we show that for string solutions whose Lax connection is independent of $σ$, the eigenvalues of the monodromy matrix do not have any spectral parameter dependence. We remark that this particular behaviour also appears for relativistic string…
We construct the basic Neveu-Schwarz (NS) brane solutions of non-relativistic string theory using longitudinal T-duality as a solution generating technique. Extending the NS background fields to a supergravity multiplet, we verify that all solutions we find are half-supersymmetric. The two perturbative solutions we find both have an interpretation as the background geometry outside a string-like object. Correspondingly, we refer to these non-Lorentzian backgrounds as winding string and unwound string solution. Whereas the winding string is part of the on-shell spectrum of non-relativistic stri…
The first quantization of the relativistic Brink-DiVecchia-Howe-Polyakov (BDHP) string in the range $1<d<25$ is considered. It is shown that using the Polyakov sum over bordered surfaces in the Feynman path integral quantization scheme one gets a consistent quantum mechanics of relativistic 1-dim extended objects in the range $1<d<25$. In particular the BDHP string propagator is exactly calculated for arbitrary initial and final string configurations and the Hilbert space of physical states of noncritical BDHP string is explicitly constructed. The resulting theory is equivalent to the Fairlie-…
We find a Polyakov-type action for strings moving in a torsional Newton-Cartan geometry. This is obtained by starting with the relativistic Polyakov action and fixing the momentum of the string along a non-compact null isometry. For a flat target space, we show that the world-sheet theory becomes the Gomis-Ooguri action. From a target space perspective these strings are non-relativistic but their world-sheet theories are still relativistic. We show that one can take a scaling limit in which also the world-sheet theory becomes non-relativistic with an infinite-dimensional symmetry algebra given…
We show that non-relativistic actions of string and D-branes on AdS_5 x S^5 can be reproduced as a semiclassical approximation of the string and D-brane actions around static 1/2 BPS configurations. This is contrastive to the Penrose limit. For example, the pp-wave string can be recaptured as a semiclassical approximation around a 1/2 BPS particle rotating at the velocity of light. We argue that small deformation of a straight Wilson line would give a composite operator in the gauge-theory side that corresponds to a semiclassical state of the non-relativistic string, according to the semiclass…
Inspired by Lie algebra expansion, we consider an extension of the algebra introduced in arXiv:2203.07386 for the non-relativistic string coset action in AdS$_5\times$S$^5$. We show that the extended algebra admits a non-degenerate inner product which is adjoint invariant under the full extended algebra. Furthermore, we provide a finite-dimensional representation of the extended algebra.
We revisit the formulation of non-relativistic (NR) string theory and its target space geometry. We obtain a new formulation in which the geometry contains a two-form field that couples to the tension current and that transforms under string Galilei boosts. This parallels the Newton-Cartan one-form that couples to the mass current of a non-relativistic point particle. We show how this formulation of the NR string arises both from an infinite speed of light limit and a null reduction of the relativistic closed bosonic string. In both cases, the two-form originates from a combination of metric q…
We show that relativistic strings of open and closed types in Minkowski space-time of dimension 3 and 4 have topologically stable singular points. This paper describes the structure of singularities, derives their normal forms, and introduces a local characteristic of singularity (topological charge), possessing a global law of conservation. Two other types of solutions (breaking and exotic strings) are also considered, which have singularities at arbitrary value of dimension.
Boundary equations for the relativistic string with masses at ends are formulated in terms of geometrical invariants of world trajectories of masses at the string ends. In the three-dimensional Minkowski space $E^1_2$, there are two invariants of that sort, the curvature $K$ and torsion $κ$. For these equations of motion with periodic $κ_i(τ+n l)=κ(τ)$, constants of motion are obtained.
String consistency conditions are stronger than anomaly cancellation and can require the addition of exotics in the visible sector. We study such exotics and demonstrate that they may account for the modest excess at $750$ GeV in recent diphoton resonance searches performed by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. In a previous analysis of type II MSSM D-brane quivers we systematically added up to five exotics for the sake of satisfying string consistency conditions. Using this dataset, we demonstrate that 89780 of the 89964 quivers have exotics, 78155 of which include singlets that may couple to …
Flowing from relativistic to non-relativistic string vacua in AdS$_5 \times$S$^5$
研究在AdS$_5 \times$S$^5$中相对论性与非相对论性弦真空的联系，通过自由参数$c$流，确定类BMN非相对论真空的相对论起源，分析其能量，还探讨了横向AdS方向有自旋的情况。
In recent years, it has been widely argued that the duality transformations of string and M-theory naturally imply the existence of so-called `exotic branes'---low codimension objects with highly non-perturbative tensions, scaling as $g_s^α$ for $α\leq -3$. We argue that their intimate link with these duality transformations make them an ideal object of study using the general framework of Double Field Theory (DFT) and Exceptional Field Theory (EFT)---collectively referred to as ExFT. Parallel to the theme of dualities, we also stress that these theories unify known solutions in string- and M-…
Non-Relativistic Heterotic String Theory
本文为杂化引力定义了包含杨-米尔斯 Chern-Simons 项的自洽非相对论极限，通过推导变换规则、构造有限作用量并获得纵向 T-对偶规则验证其良定义性，揭示了非相对论杂化几何结构。
We revisit curious objects in string and M-theory called exotic brane---objects that are highly non-perturbative, possessing a tension that scales less than $g_s^{-2}$ and are generically of low-codimension. They are non-geometric in the sense that they are only well-defined locally as supergravity solutions and require duality transformations to patch correctly, in addition to the usual diffeomorphisms and gauge transformations. We argue that Double Field Theory (DFT) and Exceptional Field Theory (EFT) are the prime setting in which to examine such objects. To emphasise this, we construct an …
Non equivalence of Carroll limits in relativistic string theory
本文研究相对论弦论取 Carroll 极限后的等价性问题，通过经典极限构造新的 Carroll 弦，指出奇异变量与参数重定义会导致构型空间和正则 Lagrangian 不等价，从而使不同 Carroll 弦具有不同自由度。
We study the effects of quantum production of open strings on the relativistic scattering of D-branes. We find strong corrections to the brane trajectory from copious production of highly-excited open strings, whose typical oscillator level is proportional to the square of the rapidity. In the corrected trajectory, the branes rapidly coincide and remain trapped in a configuration with enhanced symmetry. This is a purely stringy effect which makes relativistic brane collisions exceptionally inelastic. We trace this effect to velocity-dependent corrections to the open-string mass, which render o…
Using target space null reduction of the Polyakov action we find a novel covariant action for strings moving in a torsional Newton-Cartan geometry. Sending the string tension to zero while rescaling the Newton-Cartan clock 1-form, so as to keep the string action finite, we obtain a non-relativistic string moving in a new type of non-Lorentzian geometry that we call $U(1)$-Galilean geometry. We apply this to strings on $AdS_5 \times S^5$ for which we show that the zero tension limit is realized by the Spin Matrix theory limits of the AdS/CFT correspondence. This is closely related to limits of …
We study possibilities of string theory embeddings of the gravity duals for non-relativistic Lifshitz-like theories with anisotropic scale invariance. We search classical solutions in type IIA and eleven-dimensional supergravities which are expected to be dual to (2+1)-dimensional Lifshitz-like theories. Under reasonable ansaetze, we prove that such gravity duals in the supergravities are not possible. We also discuss a possible physical reason behind this.
We derive the partition function of a non-relativistic quantum string which its ends are allowed to freely slide on the two angled straight solid rods. We first derive the classical solution of the model and then use it to derive the partition function utilizing the path integral method. We show that the vacuum energy is sum of the Luscher potential plus a term which depends on the relative angle between rods.
扫码添加微信好友，提出您的宝贵建议 👇
💡 备注请填写：网站反馈
发表机构由 AI 从论文文本抽取，如发现错误，欢迎反馈修正建议。