A. F. Ferrari, M. Gomes, A. C. Lehum, A. Yu. Petrov, A. J. da Silva
Within the superfield formalism, we study the ultraviolet properties of the three-dimensional supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics. The theory is shown to be finite at all loops orders in a particular gauge.
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We construct the {\cal N}=4 supersymmetric nonlinear sigma model in three dimensions which can be expanded in 1/N. We evaluate the effective action at leading order in the 1/N expansion and show the finiteness of the model to this order.
The three-dimensional noncommutative supersymmetric QED is investigated within the superfield approach. We prove the absence of UV/IR mixing in the theory at any loop order and demonstrate its one-loop finiteness.
We show systematically the relation between a N = 2 nonlinear supersymmetric (NLSUSY) model and a N = 2 SUSY QED theory by means of the superfield formulation in two dimensional spacetime without imposing a priori any special gauge conditions for a gauge superfield.
We study the SUSY breaking of the covariant gauge-fixing term in SUSY QED and observe that this corresponds to a breaking of the Lorentz gauge condition by SUSY. Reasoning by analogy with SUSY's violation of the Wess-Zumino gauge, we argue that the SUSY transformation, already modified to preserve Wess-Zumino gauge, should be further modified by another gauge transformation which restores the Lorentz gauge condition. We derive this modification and use the resulting transformation to derive a Ward identitiy relating the photon and photino propagators without using ghost fields. Our transformat…
We compute the effective actions for the 0+1 dimensional scalar field interacting with an Abelian gauge background, as well as for its supersymmetric generalization at finite temperature.
We utilise a non-local gauge transform which renders the entire action of SUSY QED invariant and respects the SUSY algebra modulo the gauge-fixing condition, to derive two- and three-point ghost-free SUSY Ward identities in SUSY QED. We use the cluster decomposition principle to find the Green's function Ward identities and then takes linear combinations of the latter to derive identities for the proper functions.
The massless QED$_3$ is ultraviolet and infrared perturbatively finite, parity and infrared anomaly free to all orders in perturbation theory.
Within the superfield approach, we discuss two-dimensional noncommutative super-QED. Its all-order finiteness is shown explicitly.
Within the superfield approach, we discuss the three-dimensional supersymmetric (SUSY) pseudo-QED. We prove that it is all-loop renormalizable. We demonstrate that the SUSY pseudo-QED action can be generated as a quantum correction from the coupling of a spinor gauge superfield to a set of $N$ massless complex scalar superfields. Afterwards, we calculate the two-point function of the scalar superfields in the pseudo-QED which displays a divergence vanishing in a certain gauge.
A series of exact BPS solutions are found for single and double domain walls in N=2 supersymmetric (SUSY) QED for finite gauge coupling constants. Vector fields are found to be massive, although it is localized on the wall. Massless modes can be assembled into a chiral scalar multiplet of the preserved N=1 SUSY, after an appropriate gauge choice. The low-energy effective Lagrangian for the massless fields is obtained for the finite gauge coupling. The inter-wall force is found to be much stronger than the known infinite coupling case. The previously proposed expansion in inverse powers of the …
An exact solution of domain wall junction is obtained in N=2 supersymmetric (SUSY) QED with three massive hypermultiplets. The junction preserves two out of eight SUSY. Both a (magnetic) Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term and complex masses for hypermultiplets are needed to obtain the junction solution. There are zero modes corresponding to spontaneously broken translation, SUSY, and U(1). All broken and unbroken SUSY charges are explicitly worked out in the Wess-Zumino gauge in N=1 superfields as well as in components. The relation to models in five dimensions is also clarified.
We argue that supersymmetry with its well known advantages, such as naturalness, grand unification and dark matter candidate seems to possess one more attractive feature: it may trigger, through its own spontaneous violation in the visible sector, a dynamical generation of gauge fields as massless Nambu-Goldstone modes during which physical Lorentz invariance itself is ultimately preserved. We consider the supersymmetric QED model extended by an arbitrary polynomial potential of massive vector superfield that breaks gauge invariance in the SUSY invariant phase. However, the requirement of vacu…
The parity-preserving $U_A(1)\times U_a(1)$ massive QED$_3$ is ultraviolet finiteness -- exhibits vanishing $β$-functions, associated to the gauge coupling constants (electric and pseudochiral charges) and the Chern-Simons mass parameter, and all the anomalous dimensions of the fields -- as well as is parity and gauge anomaly free at all orders in perturbation theory. The proof is independent of any regularization scheme and it is based on the quantum action principle in combination with general theorems of perturbative quantum field theory by adopting the Becchi-Rouet-Stora (BRS) algebraic re…
We review gauge invariant $\mathcal N =1$ supersymmetric massive $U(1)$ gauge theory coupled to matter and Stuckelberg superfields. We focus on the leading order self energy and vertex correction to the matter field in the massless limit of both the $U(1)$ vector superfield and the Stuckelberg superfield. We explicitly verify that the theory is infrared divergence free in the massless limit. Hence the Stuckelberg mechanism appears to be the efficient route to handle infrared divergences seen in supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics.Since these additional particles have very small masses they …
In this paper we discuss finiteness and ambiguities of the higher-derivative Lorentz-breaking terms in extended QED with a magnetic coupling at the finite temperature. We find that, beside of the higher-derivative Carroll-Field-Jackiw-like term and Myers-Pospelov term, many new terms arise in a finite temperature case, but most of them vanish in high temperature limit.
It might be expected that only global symmetries are fundamental symmetries of Nature, whereas local symmetries and associated massless gauge fields could solely emerge due to spontaneous breaking of underlying spacetime symmetries involved, such as relativistic invariance and supersymmetry. This breaking, taken in the form of the nonlinear sigma-model type pattern for vector fields or superfields, puts essential restrictions on geometrical degrees of freedom of a physical field system that makes it to adjust itself in such a way that its global internal symmetry G turns into the local symmetr…
We study the gauge-covariance of the massless fermion propagator in three-dimensional quenched Quantum Electrodynamics in the framework of dimensional regularization in d=3-2\ep. Assuming the finiteness of the quenched perturbative expansion, that is the existence of the limit \ep \to 0, we state that, exactly in d=3, all odd perturbative coefficients, starting with the third order one, should be zero in any gauge.
We argue that a generic trigger for photon and other gauge fields to emerge as massless Nambu-Goldstone modes could be spontaneously broken supersymmetry rather than physically manifested Lorentz violation. We consider supersymmetric QED model extended by an arbitrary polynomial potential of vector superfield that induces the spontaneous SUSY violation in the visible sector. As a consequence, massless photon appears as a companion of massless photino being Goldstone fermion state in tree approximation. Remarkably, the photon masslessness appearing at tree level is further protected against rad…
I discuss several issues concerning the use of string models as unified theories of all interactions. After a short review of gauge coupling unification in the string context, I discuss possible motivations for the construction of $SU(5)$ and $SO(10)$ String-GUTs. I describe the construction of such String-GUTs using different orbifold techniques and emphasize those properties which could be general. Although $SO(10)$ and $SU(5)$ String-GUTs are relatively easy to build, the spectrum bellow the GUT scale is in general bigger than that of the MSSM and includes colour octets and $SU(2)$ triplets…
SUSY QED with Lorentz-asymmetric fermionic matter and a glance at the electron's EDM
本文研究了具有洛伦兹对称性破缺的超对称量子电动力学模型，通过超空间方法构建理论并推导色散关系，探讨了LSV马约拉纳费米子凝聚的物理效应，并基于戈登分解获得了对电子电偶极矩的有效贡献。
We study in two space-time dimensions (d = 2) the relation between N = 2 supersymmetric (SUSY) QED theory and N = 2 nonlinear (NL) SUSY model by linearizing N = 2 NLSUSY generally based upon the fundamental notions of the basic theory. We find a remarkable mechanism which determines theoretically the magnitude of the bare gauge coupling constant from the general structure of auxiliary fields. We show explicitly in d = 2 that the NL/linear SUSY relation (i.e. a SUSY compositeness condition for all particles) determines the magnitude of the bare electromagnetic coupling constant (i.e. the fine s…
The effects bringing about by the finiteness of the photon mass due to the Debye screening in the monopole gas in three-dimensional compact QED are studied. In this respect, a representation of the partition function of this theory as an integral over monopole densities is derived. Dual formulation of the Wilson loop yields a new theory of confining strings, which in the low-energy limit almost coincides with the one corresponding to the case when the photon is considered to be massless, whereas in the high-energy limit these two theories are quite different from each other. The confining stri…
We systematically compare the N=1 SUSY QED plasma to its non-supersymmetric counterpart which is QED plasma of electrons, positrons and photons. Collective excitations and collisional processes in the two systems are confronted to each other in a regime of small coupling. The collective and collisional characteristics of supersymmetric plasma are both very similar to those of QED plasma.
We point out the possibility that the magnitude of the bare gauge coupling constant is determined theoretically in a composite model of all particles in SUSY theories. We show explicitly in two space-time dimensions that the NL/L SUSY relation (i.e., a SUSY compositeness condition for all particles) between N = 2 LSUSY QED and N = 2 NLSUSY determines the magnitude of the bare electromagnetic coupling constant (i.e., the fine structure constant) of N = 2 LSUSY QED.
Perturbative aspects of the supersymmetric three-dimensional massive QED
本文利用超场形式研究三维超对称 Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Proca 理论，推导传播子与有效作用量量子修正，并分析其重整化、微扰有限性及凝聚态应用。
On Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformation in quenched QED3
本文研究淬火QED3中无质量费米子传播子的规范协变性，证明d=3时三阶以上奇数微扰系数为零，并通过三、四阶修正计算验证了Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin变换。
Collisional processes in ultrarelativistic N=1 SUSY QED plasma are studied and compared to those in an electromagnetic plasma of electrons, positrons and photons. Cross sections of all binary interactions which occur in the supersymmetric plasma at the order of e^4 are computed. Some processes, in particular the Compton scattering on selectrons, appear to be independent of momentum transfer and thus they are qualitatively different from processes in an electromagnetic plasma. It suggests that transport properties of the SUSY plasma are different than those of its non-supersymmetric counterpart…
Models explaining dark matter typically include interactions with charged scalar and fermion fields. The Infra-Red (IR) finiteness of thermal field theories of charged fermions (fermionic QED) has been proven to all orders in perturbation theory. Here we reexamine the IR behaviour of charged scalar theories at finite temperature. Using the method of Grammer and Yennie, we identify and factorise the infra-red divergences to all orders in perturbation theory. The inclusion of IR finite pieces arising from the 4-point interaction terms of scalars with photon fields is key to the exponentiation. W…
We re-examine the perturbative properties of four-dimensional non-commutative QED by extending the pinch techniques to the theta-deformed case. The explicit independence of the pinched gluon self-energy from gauge-fixing parameters, and the absence of unphysical thresholds in the resummed propagators permits a complete check of the optical theorem for the off-shell two-point function. The known anomalous (tachyonic) dispersion relations are recovered within this framework, as well as their improved version in the (softly broken) SUSY case. These applications should be considered as a first ste…
The QED four -- photon amplitudes off-shell: part 1
本文使用世界线形式化计算QED四光子离壳振幅，统一标量与自旋圈计算，避免Feynman图分解，实现显式横向性和UV有限性，并自然投影到张量基上。
Minimum Virtual Proper Time and Finite Mass--Charge Matching in QED
提出一种有限虚固有时版本的QED，通过规范协变生成泛函定义，其中每个Schwinger固有时积分具有物理下限，从而得到有限且横向的真空极化，并证明自由传播子满足反射正定性。
The reduction of couplings idea consists in the search for renormalization group invariant relations between seemingly independent parameters of a theory that hold to all orders of perturbation theory. This concept can be applied to $N=1$ GUTs and make them all-loop finite. In the first part of this thesis, after a review of the reduction of couplings method and the properties of finiteness, four models are analysed: a reduced version of the minimal $N=1$ $SU(5)$, a finite $N=1$ $SU(5)$, a two-loop finite $N=1$ $SU(3)^3$ and a reduced version of the MSSM. An update in the phenomenological eval…
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