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arXiv 0709.3002gr-qc
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广义相对论原理

A generalized Principle of Relativity

Fernando de Felice, Giovanni Preti

摘要:

在本文中,我们揭示了这一理论迄今未公开的丰富性,即它承认一个一致的重新表述,能够为所有种类的粒子提供一个统一的方案,无论它们是类光还是非类光。这一结果取决于爱因斯坦理论所固有的“广义”相对论原理。在相对论的精神下,通往这一推广的道路始于通过要求沿着这四个时空方向的“运动”之间也完全等价来增强这四个时空方向之间的完全等价。到目前为止,还没有在与给定观察者的局部三维空间中的通常速度相同的基础上定义时间轴方向上的可测量空间速度。在本文中,我们展示了相对论如何允许这样一个“时间速度”被定义在一个非常自然的方式,为任何粒子和任何参考系。根据这一自然定义,时间和空间速度矢量加起来就定义了一个类空的“世界速度”矢量,其模等于麦克斯韦常数c,而与测量它的观察者无关,因此,这个{可测量的}世界速度代表了任何观察者认为的“所有”种类的粒子在时空中运动的速度。如上所述,由此出现的统一场景是爱因斯坦理论的内在特征;它扩展了传统上赋予麦克斯韦常数c的角色,因此可以被称为“广义相对论”。

英文摘要:

In this paper we bring to light an hitherto undisclosed richness of this Theory, namely its admitting a consistent reformulation which is able to provide a unified scenario for all kinds of particles, be they lightlike or not. This result hinges on a "generalized" Principle of Relativity which is {intrinsic} to Einstein's Theory. The road leading to this generalization starts, in the very spirit of Relativity, from enhancing full equivalence between the four spacetime directions by requiring full equivalence between the "motions" along these four spacetime directions as well. So far, no measurable spatial velocity in the direction of the time axis has ever been defined, on the same footing of the usual velocities in the local three-space of a given observer. In this paper, we show how Relativity allows such a "time-velocity" to be defined in a very natural way, for any particle and in any reference frame. As a consequence of this natural definition, it also follows that the time- and space-velocity vectors sum up to define a spacelike "world-velocity" vector, the modulus of which turns out to be equal to the Maxwell's constant c, irrespective of the observer who measures it. This {measurable} world-velocity therefore represents the speed at which "all" kinds of particles move in spacetime, according to any observer. As remarked above, the unifying scenario thus emerging is intrinsic to Einstein's Theory; it extends the role traditionally assigned to Maxwell's constant c, and can therefore justly be referred to as "a generalized Principle of Relativity".

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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