人体软组织本构关系的在体测量。计算机辅助外科应用
In-vivo measurement of the human soft tissues constitutive laws. Applications to Computer Aided Surgery
摘要：
在80年代，生物力学被要求从事计算机辅助手术应用，因为骨科医生正在寻找能够预测骨折风险的数字工具。最近，生物力学开始解决软组织问题，认为人体的大部分是由这样的组织组成的，这些组织可以在手术手势中移动和变形[1]。给定组织的连续有限元（FE）模型的术中使用主要面临两个问题：（1）数值模拟必须是“交互式的”，即足够快以在手术期间提供结果（这在例如超弹性模型的背景下可能是一个强问题）和（2）在干预期间，外科医生需要一种能够用于向模型提供对软组织的患者特异性组成行为的估计的装置。这项工作提出了第二点的答案，设计了一种新的抽吸装置，旨在表征人体软组织的体内本构关系。该器械旨在允许灭菌以及易于术中使用。
英文摘要：
In the 80's, biomechanicians were asked to work on Computer Aided Surgery applications since orthopaedic surgeons were looking for numerical tools able to predict risks of fractures. More recently, biomechanicians started to address soft tissues arguing that most of the human body is made of such tissues that can move as well as deform during surgical gestures [1]. An intra-operative use of a continuous Finite Element (FE) Model of a given tissue mainly faces two problems: (1) the numerical simulations have to be "interactive", i.e. sufficiently fast to provide results during surgery (which can be a strong issue in the context of hyperelastic models for example) and (2) during the intervention, the surgeon needs a device that can be used to provide to the model an estimation of the patient-specific constitutive behaviour of the soft tissues. This work proposes an answer to the second point, with the design of a new aspiration device aiming at characterizing the in vivo constitutive laws of human soft tissues. The device was defined in order to permit sterilization as well an easy intra-operative use.
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