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arXiv 0708.3077astro-ph
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M31核团内部和周围扩散热气体的Chandra探测

Chandra detection of diffuse hot gas in and around the M31 bulge

Z. Li, Q. D. Wang

摘要:

我们报告了在M31中探测到弥散热气体的情况,利用钱德拉的观测档案,我们可以绘制出一个30'× 30'的区域(覆盖的银河系中心半径高达4.5 kpc),并探测到星系中0.5 ~ 8 keV的亮度极限为~10^35 ergs/s的源。我们估计剩余的恒星贡献较暗的X射线源(主要是激变变量和日冕活动双星),假设它们在空间上遵循恒星分布。事实上,银河系的近红外K波段光紧密地追踪着2-8 keV的未分辨X射线,表明集体恒星X射线发射率与银河脊和M32的确定一致,而0.5-2 keV的未分辨发射量明显大于预期的恒星贡献,特别是在~2 kpc的银河系中心半径内。从形态学上看,这种软X射线过剩比K带中看到的凸起明显更圆,并且在大半径处近似沿着短轴伸长。因此,过量的气体很可能是银河系隆起内和周围弥漫的热气体的排放。此外,M31盘的近侧在软X射线过剩的背景下投下了明显的阴影,表明热气体延伸到距离银道面至少2.5 kpc的地方。我们简要地讨论了这些结果对M31核球能量平衡的影响,以及对我们银河系内部观测到的大规模软X射线增强的理解。

英文摘要:

We report the detection of diffuse hot gas in M31, using archival Chandra observations which allow us to map out a 30' by 30' field (covering a galactocentric radius up to 4.5 kpc) and to detect sources in the galaxy down to a 0.5-8 keV luminosity limit of ~10^35 ergs/s. We estimate the remaining stellar contribution from fainter X-ray sources (primarily cataclysmic variables and coronally active binaries), assuming that they spatially follow the stellar distribution. Indeed, the near-IR K-band light of the galaxy closely traces the 2-8 keV unresolved X-rays, indicating a collective stellar X-ray emissivity consistent with those determined for the Galactic ridge and M32, whereas the amount of the 0.5-2 keV unresolved emission is significantly greater than the expected stellar contribution, especially within a galactocentric radius of ~2 kpc. Morphologically, this soft X-ray excess appears substantially rounder than the bulge as seen in K-band and is elongated approximately along the minor-axis at large radii. The excess thus most likely represents the emission of diffuse hot gas in and around the galactic bulge. Furthermore, the near side of the M31 disk casts an apparent shadow against the soft X-ray excess, indicating that the hot gas extends to at least 2.5 kpc from the galactic plane. We briefly discuss the implications of these results on the energy balance in the M31 bulge and on understanding the large-scale soft X-ray enhancement observed toward the inner region of our own Galaxy.

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