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arXiv 0708.1489hep-th
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相对论薛定谔理论中的最小能量原理

Principle of Minimal Energy in Relativistic Schroedinger Theory

M. Mattes, M. Sorg

摘要:

将相对论薛定谔理论的哈密顿-拉格朗日作用量原理转化为定态束缚态的变分原理(带约束)。基态能量是相应的能量泛函的最小可能值,相对论能量本征值方程确实表现为相应的变分方程。这些本征值方程的物质部分是非相对论性量子力学中著名的里兹原理的相对论性推广,然而它忽略了粒子相互作用的动力学特征。如果后者包含在所提出的束缚态最小能量原理中,则得到物质场和规范场的封闭动力学系统。新的变分原理使近似求解能量本征值方程的变分技术的发展成为可能。作为示范,正电子素基态处理非常详细。在这里,一个简单的指数试验函数是足够的,以重现传统的量子力学的(精确)结果,其中相对论和自旋效应被忽略。

英文摘要:

The Hamilton-Lagrange action principle for Relativistic Schrödinger Theory (RST) is converted to a variational principle (with constraints) for the stationary bound states. The groundstate energy is the minimally possible value of the corresponding energy functional and the relativistic energy eigenvalue equations do appear as the corresponding variational equations. The matter part of these eigenvalue equations is a relativistic generalization of the well-known Ritz principle in non-relativistic quantum mechanics which however disregards the dynamical character of the particle interactions. If the latter are included in the proposed principle of minimal energy for the bound states, one obtains a closed dynamical system for both matter and gauge fields. The new variational principle enables the development of variational techniques for solving approximately the energy eigenvalue equations. As a demonstration, the positronium groundstate is treated in great detail. Here a simple exponential trial function is sufficient in order to reproduce the (exact) result of conventional quantum mechanics where the relativistic and spin effects are neglected.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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