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arXiv 0705.4605cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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盐溶液中链刚度对单一聚电解质构象的影响

Role of chain stiffness on the conformation of single polyelectrolytes in salt solutions

Yu-Fu Wei, Pai-Yi Hsiao

摘要:

采用Langevin动力学模拟方法,在粗粒模型框架下研究了单一聚电解质在四价盐溶液中的构象。由回转半径研究的链尺寸随盐浓度的变化表现出三种不同的行为,取决于链的刚度。根据这些行为,固定链长的聚电解质可分为柔性链、半柔性链和刚性链三类。Odijk-Skolnick-Fixman理论预测的具有持久长度的蠕虫状链模型被发现能够定性地描述低盐浓度下的端到端距离。在低盐区域,柔性的链比半柔性的链更显著地延伸,并且在高盐区域,不管链刚度如何,链达到与其中性聚合物相当的尺寸。链的刚度影响链的局部和全局结构。在盐离子存在下,柔性链表现出聚集的局部结构,并且聚集的结构是无序的、随机的小球。半柔性链是局部光滑的,凝聚结构是有序堆积的,呈发夹或圆环形。此外,链的刚度也可以影响的性质的线圈球转变。半柔性链的相变是以离散的方式发生的,而柔性链的相变是以连续的方式发生的。这种离散性不仅表现在低盐浓度下半柔性链的塌缩,而且表现在高盐浓度下塌缩链的再膨胀。最后以状态图的形式总结了链刚度和盐浓度对单一聚电解质构象的影响。

英文摘要:

Conformation of single polyelectrolytes in tetravalent salt solutions is investigated under the framework of a coarse-grained model, using Langevin dynamics simulations. The chain size, studied by the radius of gyration, shows three different variational behaviors with salt concentration, depending on the chain stiffness. According to these behaviors, polyelectrolytes of fixed chain length are classified into three categories: flexible chain, semiflexible chain, and rigid chain. The worm-like chain model with persistence length predicted by the Odijk-Skolnick-Fixman theory is found to be able to qualitatively describe the end-to-end distance at low salt concentration. In a low-salt region, a flexible polyelectrolyte extends more significantly than a semiflexible chain, and in a high-salt region, regardless of chain stiffness, a chain attains a dimension comparable to that of its neutral polymer. The chain stiffness influences both the local and the global chain structures. A flexible chain exhibits a zigzagged local structure in the presence of salt ions and the condensed structure is a disordered, random globule. A semiflexible chain is locally smooth, and the condensed structure is orderly packed, taking a form such as hairpin or toroid. Moreover, the chain stiffness can also affect the nature of the coil-globule transition. The transition is occurred in a discrete manner for semiflexible chain, whereas in a continuous way for flexible chain. This discrete feature is happened not only at low salt concentration when a semiflexible chain is collapsed, but also at high salt concentration when the collapsed chain is reexpanded. At the end, the effects of chain stiffness and salt concentration on the conformation of single polyelectrolytes are summarized in a schematic state diagram.

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