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arXiv 0705.3300astro-ph
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第一批原恒星核的观测特征

Observational Characteristics of the First Protostellar Cores

K. Omukai

摘要:

第一个原恒星核是处于最早演化阶段的年轻恒星。它们是流体静力天体,在恒星形成核心的中心部分变得光学厚到尘埃排放后不久形成。我们认为他们的特点,在发射的辐射,并讨论他们的演变与增加质量的核心。特别注意的是详细的辐射和化学过程中的postshock弛豫层位于核心的表面,其中大部分的辐射发射。大多数辐射最初是在尘埃连续体中发射的中红外波长(~10-30微米),再加工成远红外波长~100-200微米。虽然在吸积激波的H2O谱线中发射了一部分辐射能量(~0.1),但大部分被吸收并在包层中的尘埃连续体中重新发射。H2O线最多占观测到的光度的1/100。如果由于外流或旋转而在包层中存在空腔,则可以直接观察到来自冲击波的中红外波长的尘埃和H2O线发射,或者作为反射星云。在即将推出的观测设施中,SPICA最适合探测第一堆芯物体的直接辐射或经过处理的辐射。

英文摘要:

First protostellar cores are young stellar objects in the earliest evolutionary stage. They are hydrostatic objects formed soon after the central portions of star-forming cores become optically thick to dust emission. We consider their characteristics in the emitted radiation, and discuss their evolution with increasing mass of the cores. Particular attention is paid to detailed radiative and chemical processes in the postshock relaxation layer located at the surface of the core, where the majority of radiation is emitted. Most of the radiation is originally emitted in the dust continuum in mid-infrared wavelength (~10-30 micron), which reprocessed to far-infrared with ~100-200 micron. Although some fraction (~0.1) of the radiation energy is emitted in the H2O lines at the accretion shock, most is absorbed and reemitted in the dust continuum in the envelope. The H2O lines account for at most ~1/100 of the observed luminosity. If a cavity is present in the envelope due to outflow or rotation, the dust and H2O line emission in the mid-infrared wavelength from the shock can be observed directly, or as a reflection nebula. Among forthcoming observational facillities, SPICA is the most suitable for detecting either direct or processed radiation from first-core objects.

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