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arXiv 0705.3222cond-mat.soft
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Polymer溶液中的光探针扩散

Optical Probe Diffusion in Polymer Solutions

George D. J. Phillies

摘要:

系统地回顾了介观探针粒子在聚合物溶液中运动的实验文献。主要焦点是研究小探针粒子的扩散运动。与溶液粘度的测量进行了比较。得到了一个连贯的描述,即探针扩散系数一般依赖于聚合物浓度D_p = D_0exp(-α c^nu)。我们发现α取决于聚合物的分子量,α ~ M ^0.8,而ν似乎有大M和小M值,它们之间有一个交叉。探针扩散系数并不简单地跟踪溶液粘度;相反,D_p eta通常随着聚合物浓度和分子量的增加而显著增加。在某些系统中,例如,羟丙基纤维素:水,观察到的探针光谱是双峰或三峰的。全探头现象学的扩展分析表明,羟丙基纤维素溶液的特征在于一个单一的,浓度无关的,长度尺度,大约是一个聚合物线圈的大小。在极少数系统中,人们可以看到不确定解释的重入或低浓度平台行为;从它们的稀有性来看,这些行为被合理地解释为对应于特定的化学效应。真正的微观流变学研究检查下的一个已知的外力的影响下的介观颗粒的运动也检查。在许多情况下,真实微观流变测量的粘度基本上小于用宏观仪器测量的粘度。

英文摘要:

The experimental literature on the motion of mesoscopic probe particles through polymer solutions is systematically reviewed. The primary focus is the study of diffusive motion of small probe particles. Comparison is made with measurements of solution viscosities. A coherent description was obtained, namely that the probe diffusion coefficient generally depends on polymer concentration as D_p = D_0 exp(-alpha c^nu). One finds that alpha depends on polymer molecular weights as alpha ~ M^0.8, and νappears to have large-M and small-M values with a crossover linking them. The probe diffusion coefficient does not simply track the solution viscosity; instead, D_p eta typically increases markedly with increasing polymer concentration and molecular weight. In some systems, e.g., hydroxypropylcellulose:water, the observed probe spectra are bi- or tri-modal. Extended analysis of the full probe phenomenology implies that hydroxypropylcellulose solutions are characterized by a single, concentration-independent, length scale that is approximately the size of a polymer coil. In a very few systems, one sees re-entrant or low-concentration-plateau behaviors of uncertain interpretation; from their rarity, these behaviors are reasonably interpreted as corresponding to specific chemical effects. True microrheological studies examining the motion of mesoscopic particles under the influence of a known external force are also examined. Viscosity from true microrheological measurements is in many cases substantially smaller than the viscosity measured with a macroscopic instrument.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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