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arXiv 0705.0981astro-ph
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类星体HII区再电离过程中的各向异性能用小尺度红移21厘米功率谱探测吗?

Can We Detect the Anisotropic Shapes of Quasar HII Regions During Reionization Through The Small-Scale Redshifted 21cm Power Spectrum?

Shiv Sethi, Zoltán Haiman

摘要:

在宇宙再电离的早期阶段,光的旅行时间延迟扭曲了明亮类星体周围HII区域的表观形状。在即将到来的红移21厘米实验中,个别HII区域可能仍然无法检测到。然而,沿着视线的系统性变形可以通过统计学方法检测到,或者通过叠加由JWST识别的类星体的断层21 cm图像,或者作为三维21 cm功率谱中的小尺度各向异性。在这里,我们考虑这种效应的可检测性。当HII区域很大并且迅速膨胀时,各向异性最大,我们发现,如果明亮的类星体有助于再电离的早期阶段,那么它们可以产生显著的各向异性,其尺度与明亮类星体的HII区域的典型尺寸相当(约为1000毫米)。30 Mpc及以下)。因此,在小尺度上分析未来的21厘米功率谱时,不能忽略这种影响。如果红移z=10的IGM体积的10%被典型电离光度为S= 5 x 10^{56}光子/秒的类星体电离,相对于横向,径向(红移)方向的21厘米功率谱可以增强10%以上。这种各向异性的水平超过了由于红移空间失真,并具有相反的符号。我们表明,正在进行的实验,如MWA应该能够检测到这种影响。探测将揭示明亮类星体的存在,并揭示电离源的电离产额和年龄,以及它们附近中性星系际气体的分布和小规模聚集。

英文摘要:

Light travel time delays distort the apparent shapes of HII regions surrounding bright quasars during early stages of cosmic reionization. Individual HII regions may remain undetectable in forthcoming redshifted 21 cm experiments. However, the systematic deformation along the line of sight may be detectable statistically, either by stacking tomographic 21cm images of quasars identified, for example, by JWST, or as small-scale anisotropy in the three-dimensional 21cm power spectrum. Here we consider the detectability of this effect. The anisotropy is largest when HII regions are large and expand rapidly, and we find that if bright quasars contributed to the early stages of reionization, then they can produce significant anisotropy, on scales comparable to the typical sizes of HII regions of the bright quasars (approx. 30 Mpc and below). The effect therefore cannot be ignored when analyzing future 21cm power spectra on small scales. If 10 percent of the volume of the IGM at redshift z=10 is ionized by quasars with typical ionizing luminosity of S= 5 x 10^{56} photons/second, the distortions can enhance by more than 10 percent the 21cm power spectrum in the radial (redshift) direction, relative to the transverse directions. The level of this anisotropy exceeds that due to redshift-space distortion, and has the opposite sign. We show that on-going experiments such as MWA should be able to detect this effect. A detection would reveal the presence of bright quasars, and shed light on the ionizing yield and age of the ionizing sources, and the distribution and small-scale clumping of neutral intergalactic gas in their vicinity.

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