考虑Biodiversity周期的情况：重新检验化石记录中周期性的证据
Considering the Case for Biodiversity Cycles: Reexamining the Evidence for Periodicity in the Fossil Record
摘要：
Medvedev和Melott（2007年）提出，化石生物多样性的周期性可能是由宇宙射线引起的，宇宙射线随着太阳系垂直于银河系圆盘的振荡而变化。我们重新审视了Rohde & Mueller（2005）报道的整个中生代动物生命史中生物多样性的6200万年（Myr）周期性的证据，以及起源和灭绝的相关周期性问题。我们发现，该信号是强大的分析方法的变化，是基于在古生代和中生代的相当一部分波动。对起源和灭绝的考察有些模棱两可，其结果取决于程序。由RM定义的起源和灭绝强度可能会受到2700万年前地层间隔期间人为因素的影响。然而，当实施无此伪影的手术时，2700万年周期出现在起源中，表明伪影可能最终基于数据中的信号。当使用同样的程序时，一个6200万年的特征出现在灭绝中。我们的结论是，6200万年的周期性的证据是强大的，和周期性的证据在大约2700万年也存在，虽然更模糊。
英文摘要：
Medvedev and Melott (2007) have suggested that periodicity in fossil biodiversity may be induced by cosmic rays which vary as the Solar System oscillates normal to the galactic disk. We re-examine the evidence for a 62 million year (Myr) periodicity in biodiversity throughout the Phanerozoic history of animal life reported by Rohde & Mueller (2005), as well as related questions of periodicity in origination and extinction. We find that the signal is robust against variations in methods of analysis, and is based on fluctuations in the Paleozoic and a substantial part of the Mesozoic. Examination of origination and extinction is somewhat ambiguous, with results depending upon procedure. Origination and extinction intensity as defined by RM may be affected by an artifact at 27 Myr in the duration of stratigraphic intervals. Nevertheless, when a procedure free of this artifact is implemented, the 27 Myr periodicity appears in origination, suggesting that the artifact may ultimately be based on a signal in the data. A 62 Myr feature appears in extinction, when this same procedure is used. We conclude that evidence for a periodicity at 62 Myr is robust, and evidence for periodicity at approximately 27 Myr is also present, albeit more ambiguous.
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