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arXiv quant-ph/0510049quant-ph
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Born-Oppenheimer近似中的Berry相和拓扑性质

Berry's phases and topological properties in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation

Kazuo Fujikawa

摘要:

能级交叉问题是整齐地制定了第二个量化的配方,它表现出隐藏的本地规范对称性。几何相位的分析被简化为一个简单的对角化的哈密顿量。如果对角化水平交叉的无穷小邻域中的几何项,则对于任意大但有限的时间间隔$T$,几何相位变得平凡(因此没有奇异性)。例如,隆格-希金斯相变规则的拓扑证明在实际的玻恩-奥本海默近似中失败了,在玻恩-奥本海默近似中,$T$被等同于较慢系统的周期。Aharonov-Bohm相位和几何相位之间的关键区别进行了解释。我们还注意到绝热和非绝热几何相所涉及的规范对称性是完全不同的。

英文摘要:

The level crossing problem is neatly formulated by the second quantized formulation, which exhibits a hidden local gauge symmetry. The analysis of geometric phases is reduced to a simple diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. If one diagonalizes the geometric terms in the infinitesimal neighborhood of level crossing, the geometric phases become trivial (and thus no monopole singularity) for arbitrarily large but finite time interval $T$. The topological proof of the Longuet-Higgins' phase-change rule, for example, thus fails in the practical Born-Oppenheimer approximation where $T$ is identified with the period of the slower system. The crucial difference between the Aharonov-Bohm phase and the geometric phase is explained. It is also noted that the gauge symmetries involved in the adiabatic and non-adiabatic geometric phases are quite different.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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