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arXiv quant-ph/0502073quant-phcond-mat.mes-hall
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透射和反射的停留时间

Dwell times for transmission and reflection

N. L. Chuprikov

摘要:

如quant-ph/0405028所示,隧穿粒子的状态可以唯一地呈现为两个状态的相干叠加,以描述交替的子过程,透射和反射。本文在这些子过程的平稳波函数的基础上,给出了透射和反射停留时间的新定义。在矩形势垒的情况下的停留时间得到明确。与著名的Büttiker的驻留时间相比,我们的驻留时间的传输呈指数增长,势垒下隧穿,增加势垒的宽度。通过我们的方法,著名的哈特曼效应是一个伪像,而不是一个真正的物理效应伴随着隧道效应的波包隧穿和实验数据的不正确的解释。

英文摘要:

As was shown in quant-ph/0405028, the state of a tunneling particle can be uniquely presented as a coherent superposition of two states to describe alternative sub-processes, transmission and reflection. In this paper, on the basis of the stationary wave functions for these sub-processes, we give new definitions of the dwell times for transmission and reflection. In the case of rectangular potential barriers the dwell times are obtained explicitly. In contrast with the well-known Büttiker's dwell-time, our dwell time for transmission increases exponentially, for the under-barrier tunneling, with increasing the barrier's width. By our approach the well-known Hartman effect is rather an artifact resulted from an improper interpretation of the wave-packet tunneling and experimental data, but not a real physical effect accompanying the tunneling phenomenon.

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