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arXiv quant-ph/0407168quant-ph
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正交纠缠量子态的局域复制

Local copying of orthogonal entangled quantum states

Fabio Anselmi, Anthony Chefles, Martin B. Plenio

摘要:

在经典信息论中,原则上,人们可以产生任何输入状态的完美副本。在量子信息理论中,不可克隆定理禁止精确复制非正交态。此外,如果我们希望复制多粒子纠缠态,并且只能执行本地操作和经典通信(LOCC),则需要进一步的限制。研究了在LOCC限制下,利用纠缠空态复制正交量子态的问题。在整个过程中,子系统具有有限的尺寸D。我们表明,如果所有的状态被复制的非最大纠缠,然后新的LOCC复制程序的基础上的纠缠催化是可能的。然后,我们详细研究了LOCC复制问题,其中空白状态和至少一个被复制的状态是最大纠缠。为了使这成为可能,我们发现所有要复制的状态必须是最大纠缠的。在这些条件下,我们得到了LOCC复制的一个充分必要条件。对于两个正交的最大纠缠态,我们给出了这个条件的一般解。我们用它来证明,当D= 2,3时,任何一对正交的最大纠缠态都可以用一个最大纠缠空态局部复制。然而,我们还表明,对于任何D这不是素数,可以构建这样的状态对这是不可能的。

英文摘要:

In classical information theory one can, in principle, produce a perfect copy of any input state. In quantum information theory, the no cloning theorem prohibits exact copying of nonorthogonal states. Moreover, if we wish to copy multiparticle entangled states and can perform only local operations and classical communication (LOCC), then further restrictions apply. We investigate the problem of copying orthogonal, entangled quantum states with an entangled blank state under the restriction to LOCC. Throughout, the subsystems have finite dimension D. We show that if all of the states to be copied are non-maximally entangled, then novel LOCC copying procedures based on entanglement catalysis are possible. We then study in detail the LOCC copying problem where both the blank state and at least one of the states to be copied are maximally entangled. For this to be possible, we find that all the states to be copied must be maximally entangled. We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for LOCC copying under these conditions. For two orthogonal, maximally entangled states, we provide the general solution to this condition. We use it to show that for D=2,3, any pair of orthogonal, maximally entangled states can be locally copied using a maximally entangled blank state. However, we also show that for any D which is not prime, one can construct pairs of such states for which this is impossible.

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