arXiv quant-ph/04011882004-01-30quant-phcond-mat.othergr-qc

真空涨落与运动原子/探测器：从Casimir-Polder到Unruh效应

Vacuum fluctuations and moving atoms/detectors: From Casimir-Polder to Unruh effect

B. L. Hu, A. Roura, S. Shresta

备注：: to appear in J. of Optics B -- condensed matter
发表信息：: J.Opt.B quant.Semiclass.Opt.6:S698-S705,2004
DOI：: 10.1088/1464-4266/6/8/011

摘要：

本文报道了\cite{SHP}关于原子运动引起的Casimir-Polder \cite{caspol}延迟力修正的一些新结果，并对最近提出的一个Unruh效应的腔QED探测方案\cite{Unr76}提出了初步的（未发表的）批评。这两个众所周知的效应产生于运动的原子或探测器与量子场之间的相互作用，该相互作用在由导电镜/腔或电介质壁引入的某些边界条件下。Casimir-Polder力是在存在导电镜或电介质壁的情况下，真空电磁场对原子基态的修整而对原子产生的一种阻滞力。最近，我们提供了一个改进的计算处理原子和（约束）场的相互影响，在自洽的方式。对于一个垂直于镜面作平行运动的原子，我们的结果发现相干延迟修正值是静止值的两倍。Unruh效应是指均匀加速的探测器感觉很热。先前提出了两种探测“Unruh辐射”的方案，其基础是直线加速器和储存环中的带电粒子。在这里，我们感兴趣的第三个方案最近提出的斯卡利{ \it等} \cite{Scully03}涉及到注入加速原子到微波或光学腔。我们分析了两个主要的因素仪器在这个计划中，腔因子和突然打开的因素，所谓的成功。我们的结论是，从这些因素所产生的影响是无关的Unruh效应。

英文摘要：

In this note we report on some new results \cite{SHP} on corrections to the Casimir-Polder \cite{caspol} retardation force due to atomic motion and present a preliminary (unpublished) critique on one recently proposed cavity QED detection scheme of Unruh effect \cite{Unr76}. These two well-known effects arise from the interaction between a moving atom or detector with a quantum field under some boundary conditions introduced by a conducting mirror/cavity or dielectric wall. The Casimir-Polder force is a retardation force on the atom due to the dressing of the atomic ground state by the vacuum electromagnetic field in the presence of a conducting mirror or dielectric wall. We have recently provided an improved calculation by treating the mutual influence of the atom and the (constrained) field in a self-consistent way. For an atom moving adiabatically, perpendicular to a mirror, our result finds a coherent retardation correction up to twice the stationary value. Unruh effect refers loosely to the fact that a uniformly accelerated detector feels hot. Two prior schemes have been proposed for the detection of `Unruh radiation', based on charged particles in linear accelerators and storage rings. Here we are interested in a third scheme proposed recently by Scully {\it et al} \cite{Scully03} involving the injection of accelerated atoms into a microwave or optical cavity. We analyze two main factors instrumental to the purported success in this scheme, the cavity factor and the sudden switch-on factor. We conclude that the effects engendered from these factors are unrelated to the Unruh effect.

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英文摘要：

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