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arXiv quant-ph/0312098quant-ph
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宇称测量、退相干和尖峰Wigner函数

Parity Measurements, Decoherence and Spiky Wigner Functions

A. M. Ozorio de Almeida, O. Brodier

摘要:

尽管经典力学和量子力学在概念上存在根本的差异,但人们通常认为物理测量涉及的是两种理论共有的可观测量。但奇偶算符的本征值($\pm 1$)却不是这样。这种测量对谐振子的偶数和奇数状态的混合的影响类似于在一个单一的冲程中分离一对洗牌的纸牌:结果是一组确定的奇偶性,尽管在其他方面是混合的。维格纳函数应该是这种现象的敏感探针,因为它可以被解释为宇称算符的期望值。我们在这里导出了Wigner函数$W_{\pm}$的一般形式,它是由$W(\x)$上的理想宇称测量得到的。即使$W(\x)$类似于经典分布,$W_{\pm}$也显示量子尖峰,其对于$W_+$为正,对于$W_-$为负。然而,我们推测,$W_+$总是有负值。

英文摘要:

Notwithstanding radical conceptual differences between classical and quantum mechanics, it is usually assumed that physical measurements concern observables common to both theories . Not so with the eigenvalues ($\pm 1$) of the parity operator. The effect of such a measurement on a mixture of even and odd states of the harmonic oscillator is akin to separating at a single stroke a pair of shuffled card decks: the result is a set of definite parity, though otherwise mixed. The Wigner function should be a sensitive probe for this phenomenon, for it can be interpreted as the expectation value of the parity operator. We here derive the general form of Wigner functions $W_{\pm}$, resulting from an ideal parity measurement on $W(\x)$. Even if $W(\x)$ resembles a classical distribution, $W_{\pm}$ displays a quantum spike, which is positive for $W_+$ and negative for $W_-$. However we conjecture that $W_+$ always has negative values.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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