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arXiv quant-ph/0309095quant-ph
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不同边界条件下的量子力

Quantum force due to distinct boundary conditions

Tamas Fulop, Hitoshi Miyazaki, Izumi Tsutsui

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摘要：

我们计算了作用在将一维盒子分成两半的隔墙上的量子统计力。两个半盒包含相同（固定）数量的无相互作用玻色子，保持相同的温度，并在外壁处接受相同的边界条件;唯一的区别是在隔墙两侧施加不同的边界条件。作用在隔墙上的净力在零温度时不为零，在低温时几乎保持不变。随着温度的升高，力开始显著减小，但在达到最小值后，力开始增大，并趋于无穷大，具有温度的平方根渐近性。这个例子清楚地表明，不同的边界条件会对量子系统产生显著的物理效应。

英文摘要：

We calculate the quantum statistical force acting on a partition wall that divides a one dimensional box into two halves. The two half boxes contain the same (fixed) number of noninteracting bosons, are kept at the same temperature, and admit the same boundary conditions at the outer walls; the only difference is the distinct boundary conditions imposed at the two sides of the partition wall. The net force acting on the partition wall is nonzero at zero temperature and remains almost constant for low temperatures. As the temperature increases, the force starts to decrease considerably, but after reaching a minimum it starts to increase, and tends to infinity with a square-root-of-temperature asympotics. This example demonstrates clearly that distinct boundary conditions cause remarkable physical effects for quantum systems.

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