A study of the integrability of one-dimensional quantum mechanical many-body systems with general point interactions and boundary conditions describing the interactions which can be independent or dependent on the spin states of the particles is presented. The corresponding Bethe ansatz solutions, bound states and scattering matrices are explicitly given. Hamilton operators corresponding to special spin dependent boundary conditions are discussed.
On the emergence of quantum many-body chaos for tunably-broken integrability
International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research（国际理论科学中心，塔塔基础研究所）；Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme（马克斯·普朗克复杂系统物理研究所）
There is developed a current algebra representation scheme for reconstructing algebraically factorized quantum Hamiltonian and symmetry operators in the Fock type space and its application to quantum Hamiltonian and symmetry operators in case of quantum integrable spatially many- and one-dimensional dynamical systems. As examples, we have studied in detail the factorized structure of Hamiltonian operators, describing such quantum integrable spatially many- and one-dimensional models as generalized oscillatory, Calogero-Sutherland, Coulomb type and nonlinear Schrödinger dynamical systems of spi…
Integrable quantum systems of finite size are generically robust against weak enough integrability-breaking perturbations, but become quantum chaotic and thermalizing if the integrability-breaking is strong enough. We argue that the onset of quantum chaos can be described as a Fock-space delocalization process, with the eigenstates of the integrable system being taken as the "Fock states". The integrability-breaking perturbation introduces hopping in this Fock space, and chaos sets in when this hopping delocalizes the many-body eigenstates in this space. Depending on the range of the dominant …
Partial symmetries are described by generalized group structures known as symmetric inverse semigroups. We use the algebras arising from these structures to realize supersymmetry in (0+1) dimensions and to build many-body quantum systems on a chain. This construction consists in associating appropriate supercharges to chain sites, in analogy to what is done in spin chains. For simple enough choices of supercharges, we show that the resulting states have a finite non-zero Witten index, which is invariant under perturbations, therefore defining supersymmetric phases of matter protected by the in…
We study analytically and numerically the non-equilibrium dynamics of an isolated interacting many-body quantum system following a random quench. We model the system Hamiltonian by Embedded Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (EGOE) of random matrices with one plus few-body interactions for fermions. EGOE are paradigmatic models to study the crossover from integrability to chaos in interacting many-body quantum systems. We obtain a generic formulation, based on spectral variances, for describing relaxation dynamics of survival probabilities as a function of rank of interactions. Our analytical result…
Interacting quantum systems in the chaotic domain are at the core of various ongoing studies of many-body physics, ranging from the scrambling of quantum information to the onset of thermalization. We propose a minimum model for chaos that can be experimentally realized with cold atoms trapped in one-dimensional multi-well potentials. We explore the emergence of chaos as the number of particles is increased, starting with as few as two, and as the number of wells is increased, ranging from a double well to a multi-well Kronig-Penney-like system. In this way, we illuminate the narrow boundary b…
Systems of interacting bosons in triple-well potentials are of significant theoretical and experimental interest. They are explored in contexts that range from quantum phase transitions and quantum dynamics to semiclassical analysis. Here, we systematically investigate the onset of quantum chaos in a triple-well model that moves away from integrability as its potential gets tilted. Even in its deepest chaotic regime, the system presents features reminiscent of integrability. Our studies are based on level spacing distribution and spectral form factor, structure of the eigenstates, diagonal and…
We systematically investigate scrambling (or delocalizing) processes of quantum information encoded in quantum many-body systems by using numerical exact diagonalization. As a measure of scrambling, we adopt the tripartite mutual information (TMI) that becomes negative when quantum information is delocalized. We clarify that scrambling is an independent property of integrability of Hamiltonians; TMI can be negative or positive for both integrable and non-integrable systems. This implies that scrambling is a separate concept from conventional quantum chaos characterized by non-integrability. Fu…
Describing dynamics of quantum many-body systems is a formidable challenge due to rapid generation of quantum entanglement between remote degrees of freedom. A promising approach to tackle this challenge, which has been proposed recently, is to characterize the quantum dynamics of a many-body system and its properties as a bath via the Feynman-Vernon influence matrix (IM), which is an operator in the space of time trajectories of local degrees of freedom. Physical understanding of the general scaling of the IM's temporal entanglement and its relation to basic dynamical properties is highly inc…
We show that the onset of quantum chaos at infinite temperature in two many-body one-dimensional lattice models, the perturbed spin-1/2 XXZ and Anderson models, is characterized by universal behavior. Specifically, we show that the onset of quantum chaos is marked by maxima of the typical fidelity susceptibilities that scale with the square of the inverse average level spacing, saturating their upper bound, and that the strength of the integrability- or localization-breaking perturbation at these maxima decreases with increasing system size. We also show that the spectral function below the ``…
The exchange operator formalism (EOF) describes many-body integrable systems using phase-space variables involving an exchange operator that acts on any pair of particles. We establish an equivalence between models described by EOF and the complete infinite family of parent Hamiltonians (PHJ) describing quantum many-body models with ground-states of Jastrow form. This makes it possible to identify the invariants of motion for any model in the PHJ family and establish its integrability, even in the presence of an external potential. Using this construction we establish the integrability of the …
Isolated quantum many-body systems with integrable dynamics generically do not thermalize when taken far from equilibrium. As one perturbs such systems away from the integrable point, thermalization sets in, but the nature of the crossover from integrable to thermalizing behavior is an unresolved and actively discussed question. We explore this question by studying the dynamics of the momentum distribution function in a dipolar quantum Newton's cradle consisting of highly magnetic dysprosium atoms. This is accomplished by creating the first one-dimensional Bose gas with strong magnetic dipole-…
Periodic orbits and quantum many-body scars in integrable spin chains
Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)（奥地利科学技术研究所）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)（慕尼黑量子科学与技术中心）
We introduce families of one-dimensional Lindblad equations describing open many-particle quantum systems that are exactly solvable in the following sense: $(i)$ the space of operators splits into exponentially many (in system size) subspaces that are left invariant under the dissipative evolution; $(ii)$ the time evolution of the density matrix on each invariant subspace is described by an integrable Hamiltonian. The prototypical example is the quantum version of the asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) which we analyze in some detail. We show that in each invariant subspace the dynamic…
Recent discovery of persistent revivals in quantum simulators based on Rydberg atoms have pointed to the existence of a new type of dynamical behavior that challenged the conventional paradigms of integrability and thermalization. This novel collective effect has been named quantum many-body scars by analogy with weak ergodicity breaking of a single particle inside a stadium billiard. In this overview, we provide a pedagogical introduction to quantum many-body scars and highlight the newly emerged connections with the semiclassical quantization of many-body systems. We discuss the relation bet…
