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arXiv quant-ph/0003013quant-ph
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囚禁离子量子跃迁的共振荧光光谱

Resonance Fluorescence Spectrum of a Trapped Ion Undergoing Quantum Jumps

V. Buehner, Chr. Tamm

摘要:

实验研究了171 Yb和172 Yb单离子在射频阱中被激光冷却到Lamb-Dicke区后的共振荧光光谱。虽然172 Yb的荧光散射是连续的,但171 Yb的荧光被量子跳跃中断,因为非零自发跃迁率导致亚稳超精细子能级2D 3/2(F=2)中的电子搁置。所得到的暗周期的平均持续时间可以通过改变再泵浦激光场的强度来改变。采用光外差探测技术分析了瑞利弹性散射峰附近的荧光光谱。结果发现,随机调制的荧光发射的量子跳跃引起的洛伦兹分量的荧光光谱中,并且该分量的线宽根据暗荧光周期的平均持续时间而变化。实验观察与理论预测在定量上是一致的。

英文摘要:

We experimentally investigate the resonance fluorescence spectrum of single 171Yb and 172Yb ions which are laser cooled to the Lamb-Dicke regime in a radiofrequency trap. While the fluorescence scattering of 172Yb is continuous, the 171Yb fluorescence is interrupted by quantum jumps because a nonvanishing rate of spontaneous transitions leads to electron shelving in the metastable hyperfine sublevel 2D3/2(F=2). The average duration of the resulting dark periods can be varied by changing the intensity of a repumping laser field. Optical heterodyne detection is employed to analyze the fluorescence spectrum near the Rayleigh elastic scattering peak. It is found that the stochastic modulation of the fluorescence emission by quantum jumps gives rise to a Lorentzian component in the fluorescence spectrum, and that the linewidth of this component varies according to the average duration of the dark fluorescence periods. The experimental observations are in quantitative agreement with theoretical predictions.

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