Towards standard methods for benchmark quality ab initio thermochemistry --- W1 and W2 theory
Jan M. L. Martin, Glenisson de Oliveira
备注:
J. Chem. Phys., in press; text 30 pages RevTeX; tables 10 pages, HTML and PostScript versions both included Reason for replacement: fixed typos in Table II in proof
Two new schemes for computing molecular total atomization energies (TAEs) and/or heats of formation ($ΔH^\circ_f$) of first-and second-row compounds to very high accuracy are presented. The more affordable scheme, W1 (Weizmann-1) theory, yields a mean absolute error of 0.30 kcal/mol and includes only a single, molecule-independent, empirical parameter. It requires CCSD (coupled cluster with all single and double substitutions) calculations in $spdf$ and $spdfg$ basis sets, while CCSD(T) [i.e. CCSD with a quasiperturbative treatment of connected triple excitations] calculations are only required in $spd$ and $spdf$ basis sets. On workstation computers and using conventional coupled cluster algorithms, systems as large as benzene can be treated, while larger systems are feasible using direct coupled cluster methods. The more rigorous scheme, W2 (Weizmann-2) theory, contains no empirical parameters at all and yields a mean absolute error of 0.23 kcal/mol, which is lowered to 0.18 kcal/mol for molecules dominated by dynamical correlation. It involves CCSD calculations in $spdfg$ and $spdfgh$ basis sets and CCSD(T) calculations in $spdf$ and $spdfg$ basis sets. On workstation computers, molecules with up to three heavy atoms can be treated using conventional coupled cluster algorithms, while larger systems can still be treated using a direct CCSD code. Both schemes include corrections for scalar relativistic effects, which are found to be vital for accurate results on second-row compounds.
Benchmark thermochemistry of the C_nH_{2n+2} alkane isomers (n=2--8) and performance of DFT and composite ab initio methods for dispersion-driven isomeric equilibria
本文用W_4、W_3.2lite和W_1h理论重新研究了八碳以下直链和支链烷烃的热化学。通过等键和次同键反应获得了"准W4"原子化能。我们在0 K时的最佳原子化能量(kcal/mol)为:1220.04正丁烷,1497.01正戊烷,1774.15正己烷,2051.17正庚烷,2328.30正辛烷,1221.73异丁烷,1498.27异戊烷,1501.01新戊烷,1775.22异己烷,1774.61 3-甲基戊烷,1775.67二异丙基、1777.27新己烷、2052.43异庚烷、2054.41新庚烷、2330.67异辛烷和2330.81六甲基乙烷。我们对$ΔH^\circ_{f,298K}$的最佳估计为:-30.00正丁烷、-34.84正戊烷、-39.84正己烷、-44.74正庚烷、-49.71正辛烷、-32.01异丁烷、-36.49异戊烷、-39.69新戊烷、-41.42异己烷、-40.72 3-甲基戊烷、-42.08二异丙基、-43.77新己烷,-46.43异庚烷、-48.84新庚烷、-53.29异辛烷和-53.68六甲基乙烷。这些是在极好的协议(通常优于1 kJ/mol),在298 K的实验生成热从CCCBDB和/或NIST化学网络图书数据库。然而,在0 K的理论和实验(1.1千卡/摩尔)之间的一个很大的差异观察到只有新戊烷。这种偏差主要是由于在计算0 K CCCBDB值时使…
Benchmarking Basis Sets for Density Functional Theory Thermochemistry Calculations: Why unpolarised basis sets and the polarised 6-311G family should be avoided
Assessment of W1 and W2 theories for the computation of electron affinities, ionization potentials, heats of formation, and proton affinities
本文介绍了两种新的{ \em ab initio}计算热化学方法,W1和W2理论[J.M.L. Martin和G. de Oliveira,J.Chem.Phys.111,1843(1999)],评估了由G2-1和G2-2集合中的电离势和电子亲合势以及G2 -1和G2 -2集合的子集中的生成热组成的热化学数据的放大样本。我们发现W1理论对于电离势和电子亲合势的精确度比常用的(并且更便宜的)计算热化学方案(如G2,G3和CBS-QB 3)高出几倍:W2理论对于电子亲合势略有改善,但对于电离势没有显著改善。使用两点的$A+B/L^5$,而不是一个三点的$A+B/C^L$外推的SCF组件大大提高了数值稳定性的W1方法的系统与缓慢的基组收敛。包含一阶自旋轨道耦合对于精确的电离势和涉及简并电子态的电子亲合势是必不可少的:内壳层相关对于电离势比电子亲合势更重要,而标量相对论效应则需要最高的精度。G2-1生成热与实验的平均偏差在平均实验不确定度范围内。W1理论似乎是一个有价值的工具,获得基准质量的质子亲和力。
A fully {\it ab initio} potential curve of near-spectroscopic quality for the OH^- anion: importance of connected quadruple excitations and scalar relativistic effects
对羟基阴离子OH ^{-}的基态电势曲线进行了基准研究,包括1粒子和n粒子基组的详细校准。CCSD(T)基组极限高估了$ω_e$约10 cm ^{-1},这只能通过在耦合团簇展开中包含连接的四重激发--或者等效地,在多参考计算的有效空间中包含$2π$轨道来补救。在包含标量相对论效应($ω_e$上的~3 cm ^{-1})后,获得光谱质量(亚cm ^{-1}精度)的势曲线。我们最好的计算EA(OH),1.828 eV,同意小数点后三位的最佳实验值。我们计算的最佳离解能D_0(OH ^-)= 4.7796 eV和D_0(OH)= 4.4124 eV表明实验D_0(OH)= 4.392 eV可能偏低了0.02 eV。
我们报道了开壳层双原子分子氧化钇(YO)光谱的从头算研究。该研究考虑了六个最低的双重态,$X\,{}^{2}Σ^{+}$,$A\,{}^{2}Π$,$C\,{}^{2}Π$,$A'\,{}^{2}Δ$,$B\,{}^{2}Σ^{+}$,$D\,{}^{2}Σ^{+}$和一些更高的躺四重态使用高水平的电子结构理论和精确的核运动计算。采用耦合团簇单重、双重和微扰三重、CCSD(T)和多参考组态相互作用(MRCI)方法,结合钇原子上的相对论赝势和一系列相关一致的基组,基组的大小从三重$ζ$到五重$ζ$。考虑了核价相关效应,对CCSD(T)进行了完整的基组极限外推。自旋轨道耦合是通过使用MRCI状态相互作用与自旋轨道(SI-SO)方法和四分量相对论运动方程CCSD计算。利用从头算数据,计算了6条势能曲线,12条自旋轨道曲线,8条电子角动量曲线,6条电偶极矩曲线和12条跃迁偶极矩曲线(4条平行,8条垂直),完整地描述了6个最低双态的光谱. Duo核运动程序用于求解这六个电子态的耦合核运动薛定谔方程。不同温度下模拟的$^{89}$ Y $^{16}$ O的光谱与几个可用的高分辨率实验研究进行了比较,发现一旦微小的调整,电子激发能的良好协议。