单头驱动蛋白KIF1A的细胞内转运：单马达机械化学和空间相互作用的影响
Intra-cellular transport by single-headed kinesin KIF1A: effects of single-motor mechano-chemistry and steric interactions
摘要：
在真核细胞中，许多马达蛋白可以在单个微管轨道上同时移动。这导致了有趣的集体现象，如干扰。最近，我们报道了（{ \it Phys. Rev. Lett. { \bf 95}，118101（2005）}）描述非常规（单头）驱动蛋白KIF 1A的运输的晶格气模型。在这里，我们推广这个模型，引入一个新的相互作用参数$c$，占一个有趣的机械化学过程中没有被认为是在任何早期的模型。我们已经能够从实验测得的量中提取模型的所有参数，除了$c$。与细胞内分子马达交通的早期模型相比，我们的模型为每个驱动蛋白分配不同的“化学”（或构象）状态，以解释马达的化学燃料ATP的水解。我们的模型使实验可检验的理论预测。我们确定的相图的模型在飞机跨越实验可控参数，即驱动蛋白和ATP的浓度。此外，使用分析方法和模拟来确定例如冲击的位置，对相分离状态进行了详细的研究。我们的理论预测与实验结果的比较，预计将阐明参数$c$捕获的机械化学过程的性质。
英文摘要：
In eukaryotic cells, many motor proteins can move simultaneously on a single microtubule track. This leads to interesting collective phenomena like jamming. Recently we reported ({\it Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 95}, 118101 (2005)}) a lattice-gas model which describes traffic of unconventional (single-headed) kinesins KIF1A. Here we generalize this model, introducing a novel interaction parameter $c$, to account for an interesting mechano-chemical process which has not been considered in any earlier model. We have been able to extract all the parameters of the model, except $c$, from experimentally measured quantities. In contrast to earlier models of intra-cellular molecular motor traffic, our model assigns distinct ``chemical'' (or, conformational) states to each kinesin to account for the hydrolysis of ATP, the chemical fuel of the motor. Our model makes experimentally testable theoretical predictions. We determine the phase diagram of the model in planes spanned by experimentally controllable parameters, namely, the concentrations of kinesins and ATP. Furthermore, the phase-separated regime is studied in some detail using analytical methods and simulations to determine e.g. the position of shocks. Comparison of our theoretical predictions with experimental results is expected to elucidate the nature of the mechano-chemical process captured by the parameter $c$.
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