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arXiv physics/0607241physics.hist-phphysics.pop-phphysics.soc-ph
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论科学的本质

On the Nature of Science

B. K. Jennings

摘要:

提出了21世纪的科学本质观。它试图展示如何对科学和科学进步进行一致的描述。科学的进步是通过一系列具有越来越大的预测能力的模型来实现的。随着预测能力的增加,模型的哲学和形而上学含义以不可预测的方式发生变化。科学观是建立在工具主义基础上的科学观。哲学实在论只能通过微妙地运用奥卡姆剃刀来恢复。错误控制被认为是科学进步的关键。探讨了科学与宗教的本质区别。

英文摘要:

A 21st century view of the nature of science is presented. It attempts to show how a consistent description of science and scientific progress can be given. Science advances through a sequence of models with progressively greater predictive power. The philosophical and metaphysical implications of the models change in unpredictable ways as the predictive power increases. The view of science arrived at is one based on instrumentalism. Philosophical realism can only be recovered by a subtle use of Occam's razor. Error control is seen to be essential to scientific progress. The nature of the difference between science and religion is explored.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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