电子电偶极矩的一种新测量方法

Mercury Monohalides: Suitability for Electron Electric Dipole Moment Searches

Heavy polar diatomic molecules are the primary tools for searching for the T-violating permanent electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM). Valence electrons in some molecules experience extremely large effective electric fields due to relativistic interactions. These large effective electric fields are crucial to the success of polar-molecule-based eEDM search experiments. Here we report on the results of relativistic ab initio calculations of the effective electric fields in a series of molecules that are highly sensitive to an eEDM, the mercury monohalides (HgF, HgCl, HgBr,and HgI). We …

Design for a fountain of YbF molecules to measure the electron's electric dipole moment

We propose an experiment to measure the electric dipole moment of the electron using ultracold YbF molecules. The molecules are produced as a thermal beam by a cryogenic buffer gas source, and brought to rest in an optical molasses that cools them to the Doppler limit or below. The molecular cloud is then thrown upward to form a fountain in which the electric dipole moment of the electron is measured.

电场诱导的里德伯原子偶极封锁

Electric-field induced dipole blockade with Rydberg atoms

高分辨激光斯塔克激发超冷铯原子的np（60 < n < 85）里德堡态，有效地阻断了长程偶极-偶极相互作用的激发.偶极阻断效应被观察为里德伯激发的淬灭，取决于由外部电场诱导的偶极矩的值。最终的离子，可以匹配偶极封锁效应的影响进行了详细讨论，但排除了我们的实验条件。相互作用的里德伯原子的激发的解析和蒙特卡罗模拟与实验一致，表明最近邻的里德伯原子的主要作用。

Hyperfine-induced electric dipole contributions to the electric octupole and magnetic quadrupole atomic clock transitions

Hyperfine-induced electric dipole contributions may significantly increase probabilities of otherwise very weak electric octupole and magnetic quadrupole atomic clock transitions (e.g. transitions between $s$ and $f$ electron orbitals). These transitions can be used for exceptionally accurate atomic clocks, quantum information processing and search for dark matter. They are very sensitive to new physics beyond the Standard Model, such as temporal variation of the fine structure constant, the Lorentz invariance and Einstein equivalence principle violation. We formulate conditions under which th…

The prospects for an electron electric dipole moment search with ferroelectric (Eu,Ba)TiO$_3$ ceramics

We propose to use ferroelectric (Eu,Ba)TiO$_3$ ceramics just above their magnetic ordering temperature for a sensitive electron electric dipole moment search. We have synthesized a number of such ceramics with various Eu concentrations and measured their properties relevant for such a search: permeability, magnetization noise, and ferroelectric hysteresis loops. The results of our measurements indicate that a search for the electron electric dipole moment with Eu$_{0.5}$Ba$_{0.5}$TiO$_3$ should lead to an order of magnitude improvement on the current best limit.

核Schiff矩诱导的镭电偶极矩的MCDHF计算

MCDHF calculations of the electric dipole moment of radium induced by the nuclear Schiff moment

用多组态Dirac-Hartree-Fock理论（MCDHF）计算了镭原子7s 6d 3D 2态的Schiff核磁矩诱导的电偶极矩.结果主要受价电子相关效应和芯-价电子相关效应的影响。我们表明，相关性的影响，可以评估在一个收敛的系列多组态扩展。

Atom-pair kinetics with strong electric-dipole interactions

Rydberg-atom ensembles are switched from a weakly- into a strongly-interacting regime via adiabatic transformation of the atoms from an approximately non-polar into a highly dipolar quantum state. The resultant electric dipole-dipole forces are probed using a device akin to a field ion microscope. Ion imaging and pair-correlation analysis reveal the kinetics of the interacting atoms. Dumbbell-shaped pair correlation images demonstrate the anisotropy of the binary dipolar force. The dipolar $C_3$ coefficient, derived from the time dependence of the images, agrees with the value calculated from …

Relativistic Theory of the Electric Dipole Moment of an Atom due to the Electric Dipole Moment of an Electron

The relativistic theory for the electric dipole moment (EDM) of paramagnetic atoms arising from the electric dipole moment of the electron is presented. A novel approach using the relativistic coupled-cluster method that incorporates the residual Coulomb interaction to all orders and a weak parity and time-reversal violating interaction to one order has been employed in Fr to obtain the enhancement of the EDM of that atom compared to the EDM of the electron. Trends of the different correlation effects and leading contributions from different physical states are discussed. Our result in combina…

Electric dipoles on the Bloch sphere

The time evolution of a two-level quantum mechanical system can be geometrically described using the Bloch sphere. By mapping the Bloch sphere evolution onto the dynamics of oscillating electric dipoles, we provide a physically intuitive link between classical electromagnetism and the electric dipole transitions of atomic & molecular physics.

Deriving the static interaction between electric dipoles via the quantum gauge transformation

Gauge transformation leaves the electric and the magnetic fields unchanged as long as the gauge function is treated classically. In this paper we consider the gauge transformation commonly used to obtain the electric dipole interaction Hamiltonian in a system of dipoles and the electromagnetic field (Goeppert-Mayer transformation) and treat the vector potential that appear in the gauge function as an operator. While it modifies the electric field, the static interaction between the dipoles is derived.

HD分子的电偶极振转跃迁

Electric dipole rovibrational transitions in HD molecule

研究了HD分子基态的振转电偶极跃迁。一个简单的，但严格的公式推导出的电偶极矩函数$D(R)$，这是计算在很宽的范围内的$R$的跃迁率。我们的数值结果的过渡率与实验和以前的计算是在适度的协议，但至少是一个数量级更准确。

电偶极矩，从e到τ

Electric dipole moments, from e to tau

我们推导出一个上限的电偶极矩（EDM）的τ轻子，这是从电子EDM的精确测量。

精确计算铯原子6 P_{3/2}态磁偶极和电四极超精细耦合常数：相对论耦合团簇方法

Accurate calculations of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine coupling constants of 6 P_{3/2} state of Cesium atom : A Relativistic Coupled Cluster approach

用相对论耦合团簇（RCC）方法计算了^{133} Cs（I= {7/2}）6 P_{3/2}态的磁偶极和电四极超精细耦合常数.据我们所知，对于^{133} Cs（6 P_{3/2}）态，没有先前的电四极超精细CC计算。计算得到的磁偶极子（A）和电四极子（B）的耦合常数与实验符合得很好。

Multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations of atomic electric dipole moments of 225^Ra, 199^Hg, and 171^Yb

The multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) method has been employed to calculate atomic electric dipole moments (EDM) of 225^Ra, 199^Hg, and 171^Yb. For the calculations of the matrix elements we extended the relativistic atomic structure package GRASP2K. The extension includes programs to evaluate matrix elements of (P, T)-odd e-N tensor-pseudotensor and pseudoscalar-scalar interactions, the atomic electric dipole interaction, the nuclear Schiff moment, and the interaction of the electron electric dipole moment with nuclear magnetic moments. The interelectronic interactions were accoun…

Trapped ion emulation of electric dipole moment of neutral relativistic particles

The electric dipole moments of various neutral elementary particles, such as neutron, neutrinos, certain hypothetical dark matter particles and others, are predicted to exist by the standard model of high energy physics and various extensions of it. However, the predicted values are beyond the present experimental capabilities. We propose to simulate and emulate the electric dipole moment of neutral relativistic particles and the ensuing effects in the presence of electrostatic field by emulation of an extended Dirac equation in ion traps.

Laserless quantum gates for electric dipoles in thermal motion

Internal states of polar molecules can be controlled by microwave-frequency electric dipole transitions. If the applied microwave electric field has a spatial gradient, these transitions also affect the motion of these dipolar particles. This capability can be used to engineer phonon-mediated quantum gates between e.g. trapped polar molecular ion qubits without laser illumination and without the need for cooling near the motional ground state. The result is a high-speed quantum processing toolbox for dipoles in thermal motion that combines the precision microwave control of solid-state qubits …

Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of Strontium Monofluoride as a Test of the Accuracy of a Relativistic Coupled Cluster Method

The permanent electric dipole moment of the X 2 Σ+ electronic ground state of the strontium monofluoride molecule is calculated using a relativistic coupled cluster method. Our result is compared with those of other calculations and that of experiment. Individual contributions arising from different physical effects are presented. The result obtained suggests that the relativistic coupled cluster method used in the present work is capable of yielding accurate results for the permanent electric dipole moments of molecules for which relativistic effects cannot be ignored.

Measuring molecular electric dipoles using trapped atomic ions and ultrafast laser pulses

We study a hybrid quantum system composed of an ion and an electric dipole. We show how a trapped ion can be used to measure the small electric field generated by a classical dipole. We discuss the application of this scheme to measure the electric dipole moment of cold polar molecules, whose internal state can be controlled with ultrafast laser pulses, by trapping them in the vicinity of a trapped ion.

The atomic electric dipole moment induced by the nuclear electric dipole moment; the magnetic moment effect

We have considered a mechanism for inducing a time-reversal violating electric dipole moment (EDM) in atoms through the interaction of a nuclear EDM (d_N) with the hyperfine interaction, the "magnetic moment effect". We have derived the operator for this interaction and presented analytical formulas for the matrix elements between atomic states. Induced EDMs in the diamagnetic atoms 129Xe, 171Yb, 199Hg, 211Rn, and 225Ra have been calculated numerically. From the experimental limits on the atomic EDMs of 129Xe and 199Hg, we have placed the following constraints on the nuclear EDMs, |d_N(129Xe)|…

原子中电偶极矩的屏蔽

On shielding of nuclear electric dipole moments in atoms

我们明确地表明，最近的一些计算原子电偶极矩（EDM）是不完整的。其中被忽视的贡献被指出。当包括在内时，它完全取消了这些计算的结果，从而恢复了原子核EDM的标准结论。

Comment on "Axion induced oscillating electric dipole moments"

In the recent work [Phys. Rev. D 91, 111702(R) (2015)], C. Hill concludes that the axion electromagnetic anomaly induces an oscillating electron electric dipole moment of frequency $m_a$ and strength $\sim 10^{-32}~e$ cm, in the limit $v/c \to 0$ for the axion field. Here, we demonstrate that a proper treatment of this problem in the lowest order yields $\textit{no}$ electric dipole moment of the electron in the same limit. Instead, oscillating electric dipole moments of atoms and molecules are produced by different mechanisms.

Calculation of P,T-odd electric dipole moments for diamagnetic atoms $^{129}$Xe, $^{171}$Yb, $^{199}$Hg, $^{211}$Rn, and $^{225}$Ra

Electric dipole moments of diamagnetic atoms of experimental interest are calculated using the relativistic Hartree-Fock and random-phase approximation methods, the many-body perturbation theory and configuration interaction technique. We consider P,T-odd interactions which give rise to atomic electric dipole moment in the second order of the perturbation theory. These include nuclear Schiff moment, P,T-odd electron-nucleon interaction and electron electric dipole moment. Interpretation of a new experimental constraint of a permanent electric dipole moment of $^{199}$Hg [W. C. Griffith {\it et…

Connection between beam polarization and systematical errors in storage ring electric-dipole-moment experiments

Analysis of spin dynamics in storage ring electric-dipole-moment (EDM) experiments ascertains that the use of initial vertical beam polarization allows to cancel spin-dependent systematical errors imitating the EDM effect. While the use of this polarization meets certain difficulties, it should be considered as an alternative or supplementary possibility of fulfilling the EDM experiment.

Ultracold rare-earth magnetic atoms with an electric dipole moment

We propose a new method to produce an electric and magnetic dipolar gas of ultracold dysprosium atoms. The pair of nearly degenerate energy levels of opposite parity, at 17513.33 cm$^{-1}$ with electronic angular momentum $J=10$, and at 17514.50 cm$^{-1}$ with $J=9$, can be mixed with an external electric field, thus inducing an electric dipole moment in the laboratory frame. For field amplitudes relevant to current-day experiments, we predict a magnetic dipole moment up to 13 Bohr magnetons, and an electric dipole moment up to 0.22 Debye, which is similar to the values obtained for alkali-met…

Static electric dipole moment of the francium atom induced by axionlike particle exchange

The francium atom is considered as a prospective candidate system to search for the T,P-violating electron electric dipole moment [T. Aoki et al Quantum Sci. Technol. 6, 044008 (2021)]. We demonstrate that the same experiment can be used for axionlike particles (ALP) search. For this, we calculate electronic structure constants of ALP-mediated interaction for a wide range of ALP masses. Using the recently updated constraints on the ALP-electron and ALP-nucleon coupling constants, we show that the contribution of considered interactions corresponding to these constraints can give significant co…

在离子储存环上寻找原子核电偶极矩的可行性

Feasibility of search for nuclear electric dipole moments at ion storage rings

在离子储存环上寻找$β$活性核的电偶极矩（EDM）时，有望获得比$10^{-24} e$ cm高得多的灵敏度。这将是对违反CP问题研究的一个重大进展。

钆石榴石中电子电偶极矩的增强

Enhancement of the electron electric dipole moment in gadolinium garnets

考虑了钆石榴石中的电子电偶极矩效应。实验研究这些效应可以使电火花加工的电流上限提高几个数量级。我们提出了一个一致的理论模型，并在钆镓石榴石和钆铁石榴石中进行可观察到的效果的计算。我们的计算同时考虑了直接图和交换图。