Detailed simulation results for some wealth distribution models in Econophysics

Do the rich get richer? An empirical analysis of the BitCoin transaction network

The possibility to analyze everyday monetary transactions is limited by the scarcity of available data, as this kind of information is usually considered highly sensitive. Present econophysics models are usually employed on presumed random networks of interacting agents, and only macroscopic properties (e.g. the resulting wealth distribution) are compared to real-world data. In this paper, we analyze BitCoin, which is a novel digital currency system, where the complete list of transactions is publicly available. Using this dataset, we reconstruct the network of transactions, and extract the ti…

A Unified Framework for the Pareto Law and Matthew Effect using Scale-Free Networks

We investigate the accumulated wealth distribution by adopting evolutionary games taking place on scale-free networks. The system self-organizes to a critical Pareto distribution (1897) of wealth $P(m)\sim m^{-(v+1)}$ with $1.6 < v <2.0$ (which is in agreement with that of U.S. or Japan). Particularly, the agent's personal wealth is proportional to its number of contacts (connectivity), and this leads to the phenomenon that the rich gets richer and the poor gets relatively poorer, which is consistent with the Matthew Effect present in society, economy, science and so on. Though our model is si…

一类零程过程的平稳分布收敛性及其在含债务财富分布模型中的应用

Convergence of stationary distributions for a class of zero-range processes and its application to a wealth distribution model with debt

本文在含债务的代理人模型中引入随机交易机制，将其建模为Z值零程过程，证明平稳财富分布在适当缩放下收敛于双侧Gamma或Gamma分布，为理解随机货币交换产生宏观财富分布提供了数学框架。

Kinetic modeling of economic markets with heterogeneous saving propensities

The lattice gas automaton (LGA) is proposed for a closed economic market of agents with heterogeneous saving interests. There are two procedures in the standard LGA, i.e., "propagation" + "transaction". If the propagation step is removed and the transaction is conducted among all agents, the LGA reduces to a more simplified kinetic model. In addition, two dealing rules are imposed on the transaction phase. Under Rule I, the trading volume depends on the average saving propensities of an arbitrary pair of agents in trade. Under Rule II, the exchange is governed by a stochastic parameter between…

The unfair consequences of equal opportunities: comparing exchange models of wealth distribution

Simple agent based exchange models are a commonplace in the study of wealth distribution of artificial societies. Generally, each agent is characterized by its wealth and by a risk-aversion factor, and random exchanges between agents allow for a redistribution of the wealth. However, the detailed influence of the amount of capital exchanged has not been fully analyzed yet. Here we present a comparison of two exchange rules and also a systematic study of the time evolution of the wealth distribution, its functional dependence, the Gini coefficient and time correlation functions. In many cases a…

论财富分配的统计物理学

On the Statistical Physics of Wealth Distribution

本文通过分析AEM与Ethereum交易的马尔可夫转移矩阵谱，比较模型与实证财富交换动态，并考察平衡、价格变化、税收及路径依赖。

A Study of UK Household Wealth through Empirical Analysis and a Non-linear Kesten Process

We study the wealth distribution of UK households through a detailed analysis of data from wealth surveys and rich lists, and propose a non-linear Kesten process to model the dynamics of household wealth. The main features of our model are that we focus on wealth growth and disregard exchange, and that the rate of return on wealth is increasing with wealth. The linear case with wealth-independent return rate has been well studied, leading to a log-normal wealth distribution in the long time limit which is essentially independent of initial conditions. We find through theoretical analysis and s…

WE经济：基于道德责任与风险脆弱性的互助分配潜力

WE economy: Potential of mutual aid distribution based on moral responsibility and risk vulnerability

针对财富不平等问题，本文基于道德责任与风险脆弱性提出WE经济分配模型，仿真验证其可有效降不平等、正态化财富分布，搭便车问题可通过共识培育和合资模式弥补，为减贫经济体系构建提供新方向。

Antipersistent dynamics in kinetic models of wealth exchange

We investigate the detailed dynamics of gains and losses made by agents in some kinetic models of wealth exchange. The concept of a walk in an abstract gain-loss space for the agents had been introduced in an earlier work. For models in which agents do not save, or save with uniform saving propensity, this walk has diffusive behavior. In case the saving propensity $λ$ is distributed randomly ($0 \leq λ< 1$), the resultant walk showed a ballistic nature (except at a particular value of $λ^* \approx 0.47$). Here we consider several other features of the walk with random $λ$. While some macroscop…

消费增长是否会加剧不平等？

Can Rising Consumption Deepen Inequality?

本文研究了消费增长对财富不平等的影响，扩展并检验了Ian Wright提出的资本主义社会架构代理模型，发现不平等程度主要受平均人均财富与平均工资比值R的影响，即使在放松假设后，结果仍保持稳健。

Unidirectional Random Growth with Resetting

We review and classify stochastic processes without detailed balance condition. We obtain stationary distributions and investigate their stability in terms of generalized entropic divergences beyond the Kullback-Leibler formula. A simple stochastic model with local growth rates and direct resetting to the ground state is investigated and applied to various networks, scientific citations and Facebook popularity, hadronic yields in high energy particle reactions, income and wealth distributions, biodiversity and settlement size distribution.