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arXiv physics/0412084physics.opticscond-mat.otherquant-ph
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环形介质谐振腔中光子的自旋轨道相互作用和能级的精细分裂

Spin-orbit interaction of photons and fine splitting of levels in ring dielectric resonator

K. Yu. Bliokh, D. Yu. Frolov

摘要:

我们考虑由圆形介质波导制成的环形谐振器的本征模。考虑到极化修正,这是负责的极化和电磁波的轨道性质的相互作用(自旋轨道相互作用的光子),导致精细分裂的标量近似的水平。这种能级精细结构的基本特征与原子中电子能级的基本特征相似。即:1)精细结构的子能级由附加的量子数定义:波的螺旋度与其轨道矩的乘积; 2)对于折射率为抛物线分布的波导,标量近似的每一级都分成N个子能级(N是主量子数),而对于任何其他轮廓,它分裂成2个子能级; 3)由于波导的局部轴对称性,精细结构的每一级保持两次简并。数值计算表明,在光纤环形腔中可以观察到所描述的精细能级分裂。

英文摘要:

We consider eigenmodes of a ring resonator made of a circular dielectric waveguide. Taking into account the polarization corrections, which are responsible for the interaction of polarization and orbital properties of electromagnetic waves (spin-orbit interaction of photons), results in fine splitting of the levels of scalar approximation. The basic features of this fine structure of the levels are similar to that of electron levels in an atom. Namely: 1) sublevels of the fine structure are defined by an additional quantum number: product of helicity of the wave and its orbital moment; 2) for a waveguide with a parabolic profile of the refractive index each level of the scalar approximation splits into N sublevels (N is the principal quantum number), while for any other profile it splits into 2 sublevels; 3) each level of the fine structure remains twice degenerated due to local axial symmetry of the waveguide. Numerical estimations show that the described fine splitting of levels may be observed in optic-fiber ring resonators.

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