亚稳态氖碰撞：各向异性和散射长度
Metastable neon collisions: anisotropy and scattering length
摘要：
本文研究了自旋极化Ne ~* 的有效散射长度$a$。由于其各向异性的静电相互作用，其散射长度是由五个相互作用势，而不是一个，即使在自旋极化的情况下，玻色凝聚物种和候选人之间的一个独特的属性。由于Ne* 的相互作用势不足以精确地预测散射长度的值，我们研究了$a$作为对应于五个相互作用势的五个相积分的函数的行为。我们发现，散射长度有五个共振，而不是只有一个，不能用一个简单的气体动力学方法或DIS近似描述。然而，发现散射长度的正值或大值的概率与单个潜在情况相比没有增强。通过比较量子力学五通道数值计算和简单的两通道模型，研究了$a$的复杂行为。我们发现，诱导偶极-偶极相互作用是负责耦合之间的不同|Ω>态，导致与DIS方法相比，量子力学计算中的共振位置和宽度的不均匀移位。谐振位置和宽度对输入电位的依赖性是相当直接的。Ne* 的两个玻色子同位素的存在使我们能够选择具有最有利的散射长度的同位素，用于朝向玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚转变的有效蒸发冷却，大大增强了实现该转变的可行性。
英文摘要：
In this paper we investigate the effective scattering length $a$ of spin-polarized Ne*. Due to its anisotropic electrostatic interaction, its scattering length is determined by five interaction potentials instead of one, even in the spin-polarized case, a unique property among the Bose condensed species and candidates. Because the interaction potentials of Ne* are not known accurately enough to predict the value of the scattering length, we investigate the behavior of $a$ as a function of the five phase integrals corresponding to the five interaction potentials. We find that the scattering length has five resonances instead of only one and cannot be described by a simple gas-kinetic approach or the DIS approximation. However, the probability for finding a positive or large value of the scattering length is not enhanced compared to the single potential case. The complex behavior of $a$ is studied by comparing a quantum mechanical five-channel numerical calculation to simpler two-channel models. We find that the induced dipole-dipole interaction is responsible for coupling between the different |Ω> states, resulting in an inhomogeneous shift of the resonance positions and widths in the quantum mechanical calculation as compared to the DIS approach. The dependence of the resonance positions and widths on the input potentials turns out to be rather straightforward. The existence of two bosonic isotopes of Ne* enables us to choose the isotope with the most favorable scattering length for efficient evaporative cooling towards the Bose-Einstein Condensation transition, greatly enhancing the feasibility to reach this transition.
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