生态系统动力学与稳定性的非平衡态热力学框架

从热力学判据预测生态系统对扰动的响应

Predicting Ecosystem Response to Perturbation from Thermodynamic Criteria

生态系统对扰动的反应是从热力学的角度考虑的，承认对于所有宏观系统和过程，生态系统的动力学和稳定性服从于确定的热力学定律。对于开放的生态系统，与环境交换能量、功和质量，热力学标准来自非平衡或不可逆热力学。对于生态系统的边界条件可以被认为是恒定的期间，它表明，从不可逆热力学理论的标准足以允许定量预测生态系统对扰动的响应。这一框架提供了一个新的视角，真正的生态系统的人口动态。该方法被应用于南方松甲虫种群振荡的问题。

Thermodynamic constraints on the assembly and diversity of microbial ecosystems are different near to and far from equilibrium

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics has long been an area of substantial interest to ecologists because most fundamental biological processes, such as protein synthesis and respiration, are inherently energy-consuming. Microbial communities are a natural system to decipher this mechanistic basis because their interactions in the form of substrate consumption, metabolite production, and cross-feeding can be described explicitly in thermodynamic terms. Previous work has considered how thermodynamic constraints impact competition between pairs of species, but restrained from analysing how this manifes…

新相变附近生态系统的组织

Organization of Ecosystems in the Vicinity of a Novel Phase Transition

它表明，在平衡的生态系统通常是组织在一个新的相变附近的状态，这是平衡的。

Can endogenous fluctuations persist in high-diversity ecosystems?

When can complex ecological interactions drive an entire ecosystem into a persistent non-equilibrium state, where species abundances keep fluctuating without going to extinction? We show that high-diversity spatially-extended systems, in which conditions vary somewhat between spatial locations, can exhibit chaotic dynamics which persist for extremely long times. We develop a theoretical framework, based on dynamical mean-field theory, to quantify the conditions under which these fluctuating states exist, and predict their properties. We uncover parallels with the persistence of externally-pert…

流体对流与生态系统运行之间的一个有用对应

A useful correspondence between fluid convection and ecosystem operation

生态系统和对流流体系统都是远离平衡运行的开放系统的例子。本文证明了资源消费者恒化器生态系统和Rayleigh-Benard（RB）对流流体系统之间存在对应关系。RB系统的Lorenz动力学可以转化为生态系统动力学。不仅动力学方程之间有对应关系，物理解释也显示出有趣的类比。通过使用这种流体生态系统的类比，我们能够通过从生态学中借用的竞争适应性参数来推导出对流卷大小的正确值。最后，我们推测，洛伦兹动力学可以扩展到描述更复杂的对流模式，类似于生态捕食。

自复制原细胞的非平衡热力学

Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Self-Replicating Protocells

我们提供了一个基于液滴的，化学上可行的，系统的原始细胞的生命周期的非平衡热力学描述。通过耦合的原细胞代谢动力学与热力学，我们演示了系统如何可以驱动出平衡，以确保原细胞的生长和复制。这种耦合使我们能够推导出进化方程，并严格证明生长和复制生命周期如何被理解为一个非平衡热力学循环。这个过程并不诉诸于遗传信息或遗传，并且仅仅基于非平衡物理学的考虑。我们的非平衡热力学描述的简单，但现实的，原细胞生长和复制的过程，代表了我们的物理理解的一个中心的生物现象，无论是在连接到生命的起源和现代生物学的进步。