流体对流与生态系统运行之间的一个有用对应
A useful correspondence between fluid convection and ecosystem operation
摘要：
生态系统和对流流体系统都是远离平衡运行的开放系统的例子。本文证明了资源消费者恒化器生态系统和Rayleigh-Benard（RB）对流流体系统之间存在对应关系。RB系统的Lorenz动力学可以转化为生态系统动力学。不仅动力学方程之间有对应关系，物理解释也显示出有趣的类比。通过使用这种流体生态系统的类比，我们能够通过从生态学中借用的竞争适应性参数来推导出对流卷大小的正确值。最后，我们推测，洛伦兹动力学可以扩展到描述更复杂的对流模式，类似于生态捕食。
英文摘要：
Both ecological systems and convective fluid systems are examples of open systems which operate far-from-equilibrium. This article demonstrates that there is a correspondence between a resource-consumer chemostat ecosystem and the Rayleigh-Benard (RB) convective fluid system. The Lorenz dynamics of the RB system can be translated into an ecosystem dynamics. Not only is there a correspondence between the dynamical equations, also the physical interpretations show interesting analogies. By using this fluid-ecosystem analogy, we are able to derive the correct value of the size of convection rolls by competitive fitness arguments borrowed from ecology. We finally conjecture that the Lorenz dynamics can be extended to describe more complex convection patterns that resemble ecological predation.
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