Double Bruhat cells and total positivity

Rigid potentials for cluster algebras from double Bruhat cells

Buan, Iyama, Reiten and Smith proved that the superpotential of a quiver corresponding to an element of Coxeter group is rigid. In this paper, we extend this result to the Berenstein-Fomin-Zelevinsky quivers corresponding to double Bruhat cells of symmetric Kac-Moody algebras. We also realize these quivers as dimers models on cylinder over corresponding graphs.

Generalized Bruhat Cells and Completeness of Hamiltonian Flows of Kogan-Zelevinsky Integrable Systems

Let $G$ be any connected and simply connected complex semisimple Lie group, equipped with a standard holomorphic multiplicative Poisson structure. We show that the Hamiltonian flows of all the Fomin-Zelevinsky twisted generalized minors on every double Bruhat cell of $G$ are complete in the sense that all the integral curves of their Hamiltonian vector fields are defined on ${\mathbb{C}}$. It follows that all the Kogan-Zelevinsky integrable systems on $G$ have complete Hamiltonian flows, generalizing the result of Gekhtman and Yakimov for the case of $SL(n, {\mathbb{C}})$. We in fact construct…

The Full Symmetric Toda Flow and Intersections of Bruhat Cells

In this short note we show that the Bruhat cells in real normal forms of semisimple Lie algebras enjoy the same property as their complex analogs: for any two elements $w$, $w'$ in the Weyl group $W(\mathfrak g)$, the corresponding real Bruhat cell $X_w$ intersects with the dual Bruhat cell $Y_{w'}$ iff $w\prec w'$ in the Bruhat order on $W(\mathfrak g)$. Here $\mathfrak g$ is a normal real form of a semisimple complex Lie algebra $\mathfrak g_\mathbb C$. Our reasoning is based on the properties of the Toda flows rather than on the analysis of the Weyl group action and geometric considerations…

对称空间中的双 Bruhat 胞腔

Double Bruhat cells in symmetric spaces

本文研究对称空间双 Bruhat 胞腔的闭包（大双 Bruhat 簇），建立其与 Richardson 几何的联系，证明正特征下的 Frobenius 分裂性质及特征零下的正则型与奇点性质。

全正性与对称空间

Total positivity and symmetric spaces

通过取Lusztig全正部分在对称空间中的Hausdorff闭包定义全正性，引入双Bruhat胞腔并给出显式正参数化，证明胞腔分解和闭包关系。

Cluster algebras III: Upper bounds and double Bruhat cells

We continue the study of cluster algebras initiated in math.RT/0104151 and math.RA/0208229. We develop a new approach based on the notion of an upper cluster algebra, defined as an intersection of certain Laurent polynomial rings. Strengthening the Laurent phenomenon from math.RT/0104151, we show that, under an assumption of "acyclicity", a cluster algebra coincides with its "upper" counterpart, and is finitely generated. In this case, we also describe its defining ideal, and construct a standard monomial basis. We prove that the coordinate ring of any double Bruhat cell in a semisimple comple…

Donaldson-Thomas Transformation of Double Bruhat Cells in General Linear Groups

Kontsevich and Soibelman defined the Donaldson-Thomas invariants of a 3d Calabi-Yau category with a stability condition. Any cluster variety can produce an example of such a category, whose corresponding Donaldson-Thomas invariants are encoded by a special formal automorphism of the cluster variety, known as the Donaldson-Thomas transformation. In this paper we prove a conjecture of Goncharov and Shen in the case of $\mathrm{GL}_n$, which describes the Donaldson-Thomas transformation of the double quotient of the double Bruhat cells $H \backslash \mathrm{GL}_n^{u,v}/H$ where $H$ is a maximal t…

Extending the Bruhat order and the length function from the Weyl group to the Weyl monoid

For a symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra the category of admissible representations is an analogue of the category of finite dimensional representations of a semisimple Lie algebra. The monoid associated to this category and the category of restricted duals by a generalized Tannaka-Krein reconstruction contains the Kac-Moody group as open dense unit group and has similar properties as a reductive algebraic monoid. In particular there are Bruhat and Birkhoff decompositions, the Weyl group replaced by the Weyl monoid, [M 1]. We determine the closure relations of the Bruhat and Birkhoff cells, which…

Donaldson-Thomas Transformation of Double Bruhat Cells in Semisimple Lie Groups

Double Bruhat cells $G^{u,v}$ were studied by Fomin and Zelevinsky. They provide important examples of cluster algebras and cluster Poisson varieties. Cluster varieties produce examples of 3d Calabi-Yau categories with stability conditions, and their Donaldson-Thomas invariants, defined by Kontsevich and Soibelman, are encoded by a formal automorphism on the cluster variety known as the Donaldson-Thomas transformation. Goncharov and Shen conjectured in that for any semisimple Lie group $G$, the Donaldson-Thomas transformation of the cluster Poisson variety $H\backslash G^{u,v}/H$ is a slight m…

Q-Systems, Factorization Dynamics, and the Twist Automorphism

We provide a concrete realization of the cluster algebras associated with Q-systems as amalgamations of cluster structures on double Bruhat cells in simple algebraic groups. For nonsimply-laced groups, this provides a cluster-algebraic formulation of Q-systems of twisted type. It also yields a uniform proof of the discrete integrability of these Q-systems by identifying them with the dynamics of factorization mappings on quotients of double Bruhat cells. On the double Bruhat cell itself, we find these dynamics are closely related to those of the Fomin-Zelevinsky twist map. This leads to an exp…

Bruhat Interval Polytopes

Let u and v be permutations on n letters, with u <= v in Bruhat order. A Bruhat interval polytope Q_{u,v} is the convex hull of all permutation vectors z = (z(1), z(2),...,z(n)) with u <= z <= v. Note that when u=e and v=w_0 are the shortest and longest elements of the symmetric group, Q_{e,w_0} is the classical permutohedron. Bruhat interval polytopes were studied recently by Kodama and the second author, in the context of the Toda lattice and the moment map on the flag variety. In this paper we study combinatorial aspects of Bruhat interval polytopes. For example, we give an inequality descr…

On intersections of conjugacy classes and Bruhat cells

For a connected complex semi-simple Lie group $G$ and a fixed pair $(B, B^-)$ of opposite Borel subgroups of $G$, we determine when the intersection of a conjugacy class $C$ in $G$ and a double coset $BwB^-$ is non-empty, where $w$ is in the Weyl group $W$ of $G$. The question comes from Poisson geometry, and our answer is in terms of the Bruhat order on $W$ and an involution $\mc \in W$ associated to $C$. We study properties of the elements $\mc$. For $G = SL(n+1, \Cset)$, we describe $\mc$ explicitly for every conjugacy class $C$, and for the case when $w \in W$ is an involution, we also giv…

The Berenstein-Zelevinsky quantum cluster algebra conjecture

We prove the Berenstein-Zelevinsky conjecture that the quantized coordinate rings of the double Bruhat cells of all finite dimensional simple algebraic groups admit quantum cluster algebra structures with initial seeds as specified by [4]. We furthermore prove that the corresponding upper quantum cluster algebras coincide with the constructed quantum cluster algebras and exhibit a large number of explicit quantum seeds. Along the way a detailed study of the properties of quantum double Bruhat cells from the viewpoint of noncommutative UFDs is carried out and a quantum analog of the Fomin-Zelev…

Sects

By explicitly describing a cellular decomposition we determine the Borel invariant cycles that generate the Chow groups of the quotient of a reductive group by a Levi subgroup. For illustrations we consider the variety of polarizations $\mbf{SL}_n / \mbf{S}(\mbf{GL}_p\times \mbf{GL}_q)$, and we introduce the notion of a sect for describing its cellular decomposition. In particular, for $p=q$, we show that the Bruhat order on the sect corresponding to the dense cell is isomorphic, as a poset, to the rook monoid with the Bruhat-Chevalley-Renner order.

Spherical conjugacy classes and Bruhat decomposition

Let G be a connected, reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero or good and odd. We characterize the spherical conjugacy classes of G as those intersecting only Bruhat cells corresponding to involutions in the Weyl group of G.

Cluster Ensembles and Kac-Moody Groups

We study the relationship between two sets of coordinates on a double Bruhat cell, the cluster variables introduced by Berenstein, Fomin, and Zelevinsky and the $\CX$-coordinates defined by the coweight parametrization of Fock and Goncharov. In these coordinates, we show that the generalized Chamber Ansatz of Fomin and Zelevinsky is a nondegenerate version of the canonical monomial transformation between the cluster variables and $\CX$-coordinates defined by a common exchange matrix. We prove this in the setting of an arbitrary symmetrizable Kac-Moody group, generalizing along the way many pre…

Poisson structures on affine spaces and flag varieties. I. Matrix affine Poisson space

The standard Poisson structure on the rectangular matrix variety M_{m,n}(C) is investigated, via the orbits of symplectic leaves under the action of the maximal torus T of GL_{m+n}(C). These orbits, finite in number, are shown to be smooth irreducible locally closed subvarieties of M_{m,n}(C), isomorphic to intersections of dual Schubert cells in the full flag variety of GL_{m+n}(C). Three different presentations of the T-orbits of symplectic leaves in M_{m,n}(C) are obtained - (a) as pullbacks of Bruhat cells in GL_{m+n}(C) under a particular map; (b) in terms of rank conditions on rectangula…

Total positivity, Grassmannians, and networks

The aim of this paper is to discuss a relationship between total positivity and planar directed networks. We show that the inverse boundary problem for these networks is naturally linked with the study of the totally nonnegative Grassmannian. We investigate its cell decomposition, where the cells are the totally nonnegative parts of the matroid strata. The boundary measurements of networks give parametrizations of the cells. We present several different combinatorial descriptions of the cells, study the partial order on the cells, and describe how they are glued to each other.

Parabolic induction and perverse sheaves on h/W

For a complex reductive Lie group G with Lie algebra g, Cartan subalgebra h and Weyl group W, we describe the category of perverse sheaves on h/W smooth w.r.t the natural stratification. The answer is given in terms of mixed Bruhat sheaves, which are certain mixed sheaf-cosheaf data on cells of a natural cell decomposition of h/W. Using the parabolic Bruhat decomposition, we relate mixed Bruhat sheaves with the properties of various procedures of parabolic induction and restriction that connect different Levi subgroups in G.

Kac-Moody 群旗簇扭积的全正性

Total positivity in twisted product of flag varieties

本文证明 Kac-Moody 群旗簇扭积的全非负部分具有胞腔分解和显式参数化，并证明双旗簇、辫子簇及双 Bruhat 胞腔链环均为同胚于闭球的正则 CW 复形，解决了 Fomin-Zelevinsky 公开问题。

Generalized Minors and Tensor Invariants

Berenstein, Fomin and Zelevinsky defined functions on double Bruhat cells which they called generalized minors. By relating certain double Bruhat cells to configuration spaces of flags, we give formulas for these generalized minors as tensor invariants. This allows us to verify certain weight identities. The weights of the tensor invariants can then be used to construct the quiver for the cluster structure on the configuration space of three flags. We also show a converse statement--that the weights of tensor invariants can by computed from the structure of the quiver. The weight identities ar…

Conjectural positivity of Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes for Richardson cells

Following some work of Aluffi-Mihalcea-Schürmann-Su for the CSM classes of Schubert cells and some elaborate computer calculations by R. Rimanyi and L. Mihalcea, I conjecture that the CSM classes of the Richardson cells expressed in the Schubert basis have nonnegative coefficients. This conjecture was principally motivated by a new product $\square$ coming from the Segre classes in the cohomology of flag varieties (such that the associated Gr of this product is the standard cup product) and the conjecture that the structure constants of this new product $\square$ in the standard Schubert basis…

基于最低双侧细胞的环中的正性性质

A positivity property in the based ring of the lowest two-sided cell

本文研究了最低双侧细胞中Hecke代数的正性性质，通过广义指数和假设条件推导了系数公式，并定义了新的正基，特别针对GL_n给出了部分其他细胞的结果。

Poisson structures on complex flag manifolds associated with real forms

For a complex semi-simple group G and its real form G0 we define a Poisson structure on the flag variety of G such that all the Bruhat cells (for a suitable choice of a Borel subgroup of G) as well as all the G0-orbits are Poisson submanifolds. We show that each intersection of a G0-orbit with a Bruhat cell is a regular Poisson submanifold and we compute the dimensions of its symplectic leaves.

Singularities of Schubert Varieties within a Right Cell

We describe an algorithm which pattern embeds, in the sense of Woo-Yong, any Bruhat interval of a symmetric group into an interval whose extremes lie in the same right Kazhdan-Lusztig cell. This apparently harmless fact has applications in finding examples of reducible associated varieties of $\mathfrak{sl}_n$-highest weight modules, as well as in the study of $W$-graphs for symmetric groups, and in comparing various bases of irreducible representations of the symmetric group or its Hecke algebra. For example, we are able to systematically produce many negative answers to a question from the 1…

全非负奇妙紧化的正则性

Regularity of Totally Nonnegative Wonderful Compactification

针对伴随型分裂实半单群的奇妙紧化全非负部分，证明其胞腔分解为正则CW复形，证实了Galashin等人的猜想，所用方法结合了Bruhat atlas与CL-标号。

Total positivity in Springer fibres

Let u be a unipotent element in the totally positive part of a complex reductive group. We consider the intersection of the Springer fibre at u with the totally positive part of the flag manifold. We show that this intersection has a natural cell decomposition which is part of the cell decomposition (Rietsch) of the totally positive flag manifold.

Total positivity in the De Concini-Procesi compactification

We study the nonnegative part \bar{G_{>0}} of the De Concini-Procesi compactification of a reductive algebraic group G, as defined by Lusztig. Using positivity properties of the canonical basis and parametrization of flag varieties, we will give an explicit description of \bar{G_{>0}}. This answers the question of Lusztig in [L4]. We will also prove that \bar{G_{>0}} has a cell decomposition which was conjectured by Lusztig.

扭曲旗流形中的完全正性

Total positivity in twisted flag varieties

本文研究了扭曲旗流形中完全非负部分的结构，证明其分解为细胞并具有正则CW复形性质，扩展了原有研究并解决了开放问题。

Total positivity and conjugacy classes

In this paper, we study the interaction between the totally positive monoid $G_{\ge 0}$ attached to a connected reductive group $G$ with a pinning and the conjugacy classes in $G$. In particular, we study how a conjugacy class meets the various cells of $G_{\ge0}$. We also state a conjectural Jordan decomposition for $G_{\ge0}$ and prove it in some special cases.

a(2)-有限 Coxeter 系统中 a 值为 2 的 Kazhdan–Lusztig 胞腔

Kazhdan--Lusztig cells of $\mathbf{a}$-value 2 in $\mathbf{a}(2)$-finite Coxeter systems

本文针对不可约 a(2)-有限 Coxeter 群，利用新引入的 stub 元素、星运算和弱 Bruhat 序，显式刻画 a 值为 2 的 Kazhdan–Lusztig 单边与双边胞腔，并计算其基数。

特征闭链的阴影、Verma 模与 Schubert 胞的 Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson 类的正性

Shadows of characteristic cycles, Verma modules, and positivity of Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes of Schubert cells

本文将可构造函数的等变CSM类刻画为余切丛零截面下的特征闭链限制，利用Verma模与稳定包络的等价性证明了旗流形中Schubert胞CSM类的Schubert基展开具有正性，验证了Aluffi-Mihalcea猜想。

On exchange matrices from string diagrams

Inspired by Fock-Goncharov's amalgamation procedure \cite{Fock-Goncharov-2006}, Shen-Weng introduced string diagrams in \cite{Shen-Weng-2021}, which are very useful to describe many interesting skew-symmetrizable matrices closely related with Lie theory. In this paper, we prove that the skew-symmetrizable matrices from string diagrams are in the smallest class $\mathcal P^\prime$ of skew-symmetrizable matrices containing the $1\times 1$ zero matrix and closed under mutations and source-sink extensions. This result applies to the exchange matrices of cluster algebras from double Bruhat cells, u…

Poisson geometry of the Grothendieck resolution of a complex semisimple group

We study a Poisson structure $π$ on the Grothendieck resolution $X$ of a complex semi-simple group $G$ and prove that the desingularization map $μ:(X,π) \to (G,π_0)$ is Poisson, where $π_0$ is a Poisson structure such that intersections of conjugacy classes and opposite Bruhat cells $BwB_-$ are Poisson subvarieties. We compute the symplectic leaves of $X$ and show that $(X, π)$ resolves singularities of $(G, π_0)$.

两个旗簇与一条直线的乘积上的轨道及Bruhat序，I

Orbits on a product of two flags and a line and the Bruhat Order, I

本文研究一般线性群旗簇与射影空间乘积上Borel子群轨道的分类，构造与Schubert胞腔对的双射，并利用组合模型计算轨道数的指数生成函数，为后续通过Bruhat序理解闭包与幺半群作用奠定基础。

Quantum groups, quantum tori, and the Grothendieck-Springer resolution

We construct an algebra embedding of the quantum group $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$ into the quantum coordinate ring $\mathcal{O}_q[G^{w_0,w_0}/H]$ of the reduced big double Bruhat cell in $G$. This embedding factors through the Heisenberg double $\mathcal{H}_q$ of the quantum Borel subalgebra $U_{\geq0}$, which we relate to $\mathcal{O}_q[G]$ via twisting by the longest element of the quantum Weyl group. Our construction is inspired by the Poisson geometry of the Grothendieck-Springer resolution studied by Evens and Lu, and the quantum Beilinson-Bernstein theorem investigated by Backelin, Kremnitzer, …