Let L_{B}(-5/2,0) (resp. L_{F}(-5/2,0)) be the simple vertex operator algebra associated to affine Lie algebra of type $B_{4}^{(1)}$ (resp. $F_{4}^{(1)}$) with the lowest admissible half-integer level -5/2. We show that L_{B}(-5/2,0) is a vertex subalgebra of L_{F}(-5/2,0) with the same conformal vector, and that L_{F}(-5/2,0) is isomorphic to the extension of L_{B}(-5/2,0) by its only irreducible module other than itself. We also study the representation theory of L_{F}(-5/2,0), and determine the decompositions of irreducible weak L_{F}(-5/2,0)-modules from the category $\mathcal{O}$ into direct sums of irreducible weak L_{B}(-5/2,0)-modules.
A higher dimensional analogue of the notion of vertex algebra is formulated in terms of formal variable language with Borcherds' notion of $G$-vertex algebra as a motivation. Some examples are given and certain analogous duality properties are proved. Furthermore, it is proved that for any vector space $W$, any set of mutually local multi-variable vertex operators on $W$ in a certain canonical way generates a vertex algebra with $W$ as a natural module.
Let $L_{D_8}(1, 0)$ and $L_{E_8}(1, 0)$ be the simple vertex operator algebras associated to untwisted affine Lie algebra $\widehat{\mathbf g}_{D_{8}}$ and $\widehat{\mathbf g}_{E_8}$ with level 1 respectively. In the 1980s by I. Frenkel, Lepowsky and Meurman as one of the many important preliminary steps toward their construction of the moonshine module vertex operator algebra, they use roots lattice showing that $L_{D_8}(1, 0)$ can embed into $L_{E_8}(1, 0)$ as a vertex operator subalgebra(\cite{5, 6, 8}). Their construct is a base of vertex operator theory. But the embedding they gave using…
The twenty-one-vertex model, the spin $1$ analogue of the eight-vertex model is considered on the basis of free field representations of vertex operators in the $2\times 2$-fold fusion SOS model and vertex-face transformation. The tail operators, which translate corner transfer matrices of the twenty-one-vertex model into those of the fusion SOS model, are constructed by using free bosons and fermions for both diagonal and off-diagonal matrix elements with respect to the ground state sectors. Form factors of any local operators are therefore obtained in terms of multiple integral formulae, in …
We give a general criterion for conformal embeddings of vertex operator algebras associated to affine Lie algebras at arbitrary levels. Using that criterion, we construct new conformal embeddings at admissible rational and negative integer levels. In particular, we construct all remaining conformal embeddings associated to automorphisms of Dynkin diagrams of simple Lie algebras. The semisimplicity of the corresponding decompositions is obtained by using the concept of fusion rules for vertex operator algebras.
We show that certain vertex algebras without vacuum vector may be embedded into vertex algebras. The result is a partial analogue of the simple classical fact that any rng can be embedded into a ring. A one-line proof of the case of a vacuum-free vertex algebra (whose vertex operator map is by definition injective) appeared in Robinson (2010) using a powerful result from the representation theory of vertex algebras as algebras of mutually local weak vertex operators. Here we present a more elementary proof of a somewhat more general case. We also show that our constructions are canonical.
This paper gives an analogue of A_g(V) theory for a vertex operator superalgebra V and an automorphism g of finite order. The relation between the g-twisted V-modules and A_g(V)-modules is established. It is proved that if V is g-rational, then A_g(V) is finite dimensional semisimple associative algebra and there are only finitely many irreducible g-twisted V-modules.
A q-analogue of the embedding chains of the Arima-Iachello model is proposed. The generators of the deformed U(6)-subalgebras are written in terms of the generators of gl_{q}(6), using q-bosons.
The purpose of this paper is to make the theory of vertex algebras trivial. We do this by setting up some categorical machinery so that vertex algebras are just ``singular commutative rings'' in a certain category. This makes it easy to construct many examples of vertex algebras, in particular by using an analogue of the construction of a twisted group ring from a bicharacter of a group. We also define quantum vertex algebras as singular braided rings in the same category and construct some examples of them. The constructions work just as well for higher dimensional analogues of vertex algebra…
Let $L_{D_{\ell}}(-\ell +{3/2},0)$ (resp. $L_{B_{\ell}}(-\ell +{3/2},0)$) be the simple vertex operator algebra associated to affine Lie algebra of type $D_{\ell}^{(1)}$ (resp. $B_{\ell}^{(1)}$) with the lowest admissible half-integer level $-\ell + {3/2}$. We show that $L_{D_{\ell}}(-\ell +{3/2},0)$ is a vertex subalgebra of $L_{B_{\ell}}(-\ell +{3/2},0)$ with the same conformal vector. For $\ell =4$, $L_{D_{4}}(-{5/2},0)$ is a vertex subalgebra of three copies of $L_{B_{4}}(-{5/2},0)$ contained in $L_{F_{4}}(-{5/2},0)$, and all five of these vertex operator algebras have the same conformal v…
A vertex-algebraic analogue of the Lie algebroid complex is constructed, which generalizes the "small" chiral de Rham complex on smooth manifolds. The notion of VSA-inductive sheaves is also introduced. This notion generalizes that of sheaves of vertex superalgebras. The complex mentioned above is constructed as a VSA-inductive sheaf. With this complex, the equivariant Lie algebroid cohomology is generalized to a vertex-algebraic analogue, which we call the chiral equivariant Lie algebroid cohomology. In fact, the notion of the equivariant Lie algebroid cohomology contains that of the equivari…
This paper is a natural continuation of our previous work on conformal embeddings of vertex algebras [6], [7], [8]. Here we consider conformal embeddings in simple affine vertex superalgebra $V_k(\mathfrak g)$ where $\mathfrak g=\mathfrak g_{\bar 0}\oplus \mathfrak g_{\bar 1}$ is a basic classical simple Lie superalgebras. Let $\mathcal V_k (\mathfrak g_{\bar 0})$ be the subalgebra of $V_k(\mathfrak g)$ generated by $\mathfrak g_{\bar 0}$. We first classify all levels $k$ for which the embedding $\mathcal V_k (\mathfrak g_{\bar 0})$ in $V_k(\mathfrak g)$ is conformal. Next we prove that, for a…
A notion of intermediate vertex subalgebras of lattice vertex operator algebras is introduced, as a generalization of the notion of principal subspaces. Bases and the graded dimensions of such subalgebras are given.As an application, it is shown that the characters of some modules of an intermediate vertex subalgebra between $E_7$ and $E_8$ lattice vertex operator algebras satisfy some modular differential equations.This result is an analogue of the result concerning the "hole" of the Deligne dimension formulas and the intermediate Lie algebra between the simple Lie algebras $E_7$ and $E_8$.
We give an analogue for vertex operator algebras and superalgebras of the notion of endomorphism ring of a vector space by means of a notion of ``local system of vertex operators'' for a (super) vector space. We first prove that any local system of vertex operators on a (super) vector space $M$ has a natural vertex (super)algebra structure with $M$ as a module. Then we prove that for a vertex (operator) superalgebra $V$, giving a $V$-module $M$ is equivalent to giving a vertex (operator) superalgebra homomorphism from $V$ to some local system of vertex operators on $M$. As applications, we pro…
In this paper, a condition making vertex operator superalgebras to be unitary is determined and an analogue of conformal spin-statistics theorem in conformal field theory is proved. As an application of these results, it is proved that under some assumptions there exist vertex operator algebra structures on the direct sum of simple current unitary modules of unitary vertex operator algebras.
We give an interpretation of the boson-fermion correspondence as a direct consequence of Jacobi-Trudi identity. This viewpoint enables us to construct from a generalized version of the Jacobi-Trudi identity the action of Clifford algebra on polynomial algebras that arrives as analogues of the algebra of symmetric functions. A generalized Giambelli identity is also proved to follow from that identity. As applications, we obtain explicit formulas for vertex operators corresponding to characters of the classical Lie algebras, shifted Schur functions, and generalized Schur symmetric functions asso…
We construct a new equivariant cohomology theory for a certain class of differential vertex algebras, which we call the chiral equivariant cohomology. A principal example of a differential vertex algebra in this class is the chiral de Rham complex of Malikov-Schechtman-Vaintrob of a manifold with a group action. The main idea in this paper is to synthesize the algebraic approach to classical equivariant cohomology due to H. Cartan, with the theory of differential vertex algebras, by using an appropriate notion of invariant theory. We also construct the vertex algebra analogues of the Mathai-Qu…
We continue our investigation of spaces of long embeddings (long embeddings are high-dimensional analogues of long knots). In previous work we showed that when the dimensions are in the stable range, the rational homology groups of these spaces can be calculated as the homology of a direct sum of certain finite graph-complexes, which we described explicitly. In this paper, we establish a similar result for the rational homotopy groups of these spaces. We also put emphasis on different ways how the calculations can be done. In particular we describe three different graph-complexes computing the…
We introduce and study holomorphically finitely generated (HFG) Fréchet algebras, which are analytic counterparts of affine (i.e., finitely generated) $\mathbb C$-algebras. Using a theorem of O. Forster, we prove that the category of commutative HFG algebras is anti-equivalent to the category of Stein spaces of finite embedding dimension. We also show that the class of HFG algebras is stable under some standard constructions. This enables us to give a series of concrete examples of HFG algebras, including Arens-Michael envelopes of affine algebras (such as the algebras of holomorphic functions…
Analogue to commutants in the theory of associative algebras, one can construct a new subalgebra of vertex algebra known as a vertex algebra commutant. In this paper, for the adjoint representation $V$ of Lie algebra $sl(2,\C)$, we describe a commutant of $βγ$- System $S(V)$ by giving its generators, moreover, we get a new Howe pair of vertex algebras.
A very well known result by Harish-Chandra claims that any Hermitian symmetric space of non-compact type admits a canonical embedding into a complex vector space $V$. The image of this embedding is a bounded symmetric domain in $V$. This work provides a construction of q-analogues of a polynomial algebra on $V$ and the differential algebra of exterior forms on $V$. A way of producing a q-analogue of the bounded function algebra in a bounded symmetric domain is described. All the constructions are illustrated by detailed calculations in the case of the simplest Hermitian symmetric space $SU(1,1…
This is the second part of the revised versions of the notes of three consecutive expository lectures given by Chongying Dong, Haisheng Li and Yi-Zhi Huang in the conference on Monster and vertex operator algebras at the Research Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto, September 4-9, 1994. In this part, we discuss the commutativity, the associativity, the Jacobi identity and the relations among them. We also discuss an analogue of endomorphism ring of a vector space in vertex operator algebra theory.
In this paper we prove that certain matrix elements of vertex operators of deformed W-algebra satisfy Macdonald difference equations and form n! -dimensional space of solutions. These solutions are the analogues of Harish Chandra solutions with prescribed asymptotic behavior. We obtain formulas for analytic continuation as a consequence of braiding properties of vertex operators of deformed W-algebra.
Evaluation-type deformed modules over the quantum affine vertex algebras of type $A$
Dipartimento di Matematica, Sapienza Università di Roma（罗马大学数学系）；INFN sezione di Roma（罗马国家核物理研究所）；University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics（萨格勒布大学理学院数学系）
We present methods for computing the explicit decomposition of the minimal simple affine $W$-algebra $W_k(\mathfrak g, θ)$ at a conformal level $k$ as a module for its maximal affine subalgebra $\mathcal V_k(\mathfrak g^{\natural})$. A particular emphasis is given on the application of affine fusion rules to the determination of branching rules. In almost all cases when $\mathfrak g^{\natural}$ is a semisimple Lie algebra, we show that, for a suitable conformal level $k$, $W_k(\mathfrak g, θ)$ is isomorphic to an extension of $\mathcal V_k(\mathfrak g^{\natural})$ by its simple module. We are …
In this paper we try to define the higher dimensional analogues of vertex algebras. In other words we define algebras which we hope have the same relation to higher dimensional quantum field theories that vertex algebras have to one dimensional quantum field theories (or to ``chiral halves'' of two dimensional quantum field theories). The main idea is to define "vertex groups". Then classical vertex algebras turn out to be the same as "associative commutative algebras" over the simplest nontrivial example of a vertex group. We investigate commutative algebras over higher dimensional vertex gro…
A general notion of a quasi-finite algebra is introduced as an algebra graded by the set of all integers equipped with topologies on the homogeneous subspaces satisfying certain properties. An analogue of the regular bimodule is introduced and various module categories over quasi-finite algebras are described. When applied to the current algebras (universal enveloping algebras) of vertex operator algebras satisfying Zhu's $C_2$-finiteness condition, our general consideration derives important consequences on representation theory of such vertex operator algebras. In particular, the category of…
A natural embedding $A_{m-1}\oplus A_{n-1}\subset A_{mn-1}$ for the corresponding quantum algebras is constructed through the appropriate comultiplication on the generators of each of the $A_{m-1}$ and $A_{n-1}$ algebras. The above embedding is proved in their $q$-boson realization by means of the isomorphism between the $\mathcal{A}_q^{-}$ (mn)$\sim {\otimes} ^n \mathcal{A}_q^{-}$(m)$\sim {\otimes}^m\mathcal{A}_q^{-}$(n) algebras.
In this article, we study the moonshine vertex operator algebra starting with the tensor product of three copies of the vertex operator algebra $V_{\sqrt2E_8}^+$, and describe it by the quadratic space over $\F_2$ associated to $V_{\sqrt2E_8}^+$. Using quadratic spaces and orthogonal groups, we show the transitivity of the automorphism group of the moonshine vertex operator algebra on the set of all full vertex operator subalgebras isomorphic to the tensor product of three copies of $V_{\sqrt2E_8}^+$, and determine the stabilizer of such a vertex operator subalgebra. Our approach is a vertex o…
We complete the classification of conformal embeddings of a maximally reductive subalgebra $\mathfrak k$ into a simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ at non-integrable non-critical levels $k$ by dealing with the case when $\mathfrak k$ has rank less than that of $\mathfrak g$. We describe some remarkable instances of decomposition of the vertex algebra $V_{k}(\mathfrak g)$ as a module for the vertex subalgebra generated by $\mathfrak k$. We discuss decompositions of conformal embeddings and constructions of new affine Howe dual pairs at negative levels. In particular, we study an example of conform…
This is the first part in a series of papers developing a tensor product theory for modules for a vertex operator algebra. The goal of this theory is to construct a ``vertex tensor category'' structure on the category of modules for a suitable vertex operator algebra. The notion of vertex tensor category is essentially a ``complex analogue'' of the notion of symmetric tensor category, and in fact a vertex tensor category produces a braided tensor category in a natural way. The theory applies in particular to many familiar ``rational'' vertex operator algebras, including those associated with W…
We give an explicit description of factorization algebras over the affine line, constructing them from the gluing data determined by its corresponding OPE algebra. We then generalize this construction to factorization monoids, obtaining a description of them in terms of a non-linear version of OPE algebras which we call OPE monoids. In the translation equivariant setting this approach allows us to define vertex ind-schemes, which we interpret as a conformal analogue of the notion of Lie group, since we show that their linearizations yield vertex algebras and that their Zariski tangent spaces a…
Within the framework of the discrete Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten theory we analyze the structure of vertex operators on a lattice. In particular, the lattice analogues of operator product expansions and braid relations are discussed. As the main physical application, a rigorous construction for the discrete counterpart g_n of the group valued field g(x) is provided. We study several automorphisms of the lattice algebras including discretizations of the evolution in the WZNW model. Our analysis is based on the theory of modular Hopf algebras and its formulation in terms of universal elements. Al…
