Olivier Wittenberg
We show that the elementary obstruction to the existence of 0-cycles of degree 1 on an arbitrary variety X (over an arbitrary field) can be expressed in terms of the Albanese 1-motives associated with dense open subsets of X. Arithmetic applications are given.
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We prove that every Brauer class over a field splits over a torsor under an abelian variety. If the index of the class is not congruent to 2 modulo 4, we show that the Albanese variety of any smooth curve of positive genus that splits the class also splits the class, and there exist many such curves splitting the class. We show that this can be false when the index is congruent to 2 modulo 4, but adding a single genus 1 factor to the Albanese suffices to split the class.
Let $k$ be a field of characteristic 0 and $G$ a linear algebraic $k$-group. When $G$ is abelian, it is well known that torsors under $G_{X}$ over a $k$-scheme $π:X\to \textup{Spec} k$ provide an obstruction to the existence of $k$-rational points on $X$, since Leray spectral sequence gives rise (when $X$ is 'nice', e.g. $X$ smooth and proper) to an exact sequence of groups (5-term exact sequence associated). This sequence gives an obstruction for a $\bar{G}_{X}$-torsor $\bar{P}\to\bar{X}$ with field of moduli $k$ to be defined over $k$, i.e. to be obtained by extension of scalars to the algeb…
A torsor under a k-group scheme G on a variety X over a number field k imposes a descent obstruction against the existence of rational points on X. We discuss the finite descent obstruction, that is for all such torsors under finite k-groups G, in view of a local-global interpolation property for sections of the fundamental group short exact sequence of X/k. There are applications to the Brauer-Manin obstruction, to the descent obstruction by torsors under linear groups, and to the birational version of Grothendieck's section conjecture over number fields. In particular, we obtain examples of …
We extend the notion of rational points and cohomological obstructions on varieties to categories fibred in groupoids. We also establish the generalized theory of descent by torsors. Then we interpret the obstruction given by the second cohomology of abelian sheaves in terms of categorical points of gerbes, analogue to descent by torsors. As an application, we construct some composite obstructions not larger than the descent obstruction. We also propose some new kinds of obstructions including the derived obstruction, which has good behavior under a product and is also not larger than the desc…
We show that any derived equivalent smooth, projective varieties of dimension 3 over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ have equal zeta functions. This result is an application of the extension to smooth, projective varieties over any field of Popa and Schnell's proof that derived equivalent smooth, projective varieties over $\mathbb{C}$ have isogenous Albanese torsors; this result is proven in an appendix by Achter, Casalaina-Martin, Honigs and Vial.
Descent and étale-Brauer obstructions for 0-cycles
该研究定义了数域上代数簇0-闭链的下降集与平展-Brauer障碍集，证明其包含于Brauer-Manin集且与Suslin 0次奇异同调相容，将有理点算术研究工具迁移至0-闭链场景并推广Liang的策略到挠子，给出多类代数簇的应用。
In this article, we study the obstructions to the local-global principle for homogeneous spaces with connected or abelian stabilizers over finite extensions of the field $\mathbb{C}((x,y))$ of Laurent series in two variables over the complex numbers and over function fields of curves over $\mathbb{C}((t))$. We give examples that prove that the usual Brauer-Manin obstruction is not enough to explain the failure of the local-global principle, and we then construct a variant of this obstruction using torsors under quasi-trivial tori which turns out to work. In the end of the article, we compare t…
Since Poonen's construction of a variety $X$ defined over a number field $k$ for which $X(k)$ is empty and the étale Brauer--Manin set $X(\mathbf{A}_k)^\text{Br,et}$ is not, several other examples of smooth, projective varieties have been found for which the étale Brauer--Manin obstruction does not explain the failure of the Hasse principle. All known examples are constructed using "Poonen's trick", i.e. they have the distinctive feature of being fibrations over a higher genus curve; in particular, their Albanese variety is non-trivial. In this paper, we construct examples for which the Albane…
Abelianized Descent Obstruction for 0-Cycles
本文通过阿贝尔上同调理论，定义了0-循环的阿贝尔化降阶障碍，并证明其与Brauer-Mein障碍的相等性，同时探讨了其在射影理性连通变种和射影K3表面中的闭包性质。
Torsors and gerbes
本文研究有限群作用下阿贝尔层上的 torsor 与 gerbe 何时可由不变量诱导，通过定义阻碍类并利用谱序列描述低次上同调态射，给出判定条件。
We consider local-global principles for torsors under linear algebraic groups, over function fields of curves over complete discretely valued fields. The obstruction to such a principle is a version of the Tate-Shafarevich group; and for groups with rational components, we compute it explicitly and show that it is finite. This yields necessary and sufficient conditions for local-global principles to hold. Our results rely on first obtaining a Mayer-Vietoris sequence for Galois cohomology and then showing that torsors can be patched. We also give new applications to quadratic forms and central …
We extend the descent theory of Colliot-Thélène and Sansuc to arbitrary smooth algebraic varieties by removing the condition that every invertible regular function is constant. This links the Brauer--Manin obstruction for integral points on arithmetic schemes to the obstructions defined by torsors under groups of multiplicative type.
We consider local-global principles for rational points on varieties, in particular torsors, over one-variable function fields over complete discretely valued fields. There are several notions of such principles, arising either from the valuation theory of the function field, or from the geometry of a regular model of the function field. Our results compare the corresponding obstructions, proving in particular that a local-global principle with respect to valuations implies a local-global principle with respect to a sufficiently fine regular model.
The linear positive torsor presentation and arithmetic purity of strong approximation
本文定义线性正挠子表示概念，对数域上具该表示的代数簇建立带Brauer--Manin障碍的强逼近算术纯性，恢复光滑环面簇的对应性质并分类其有理点链连通类。
Let $K/k$ be an extension of number fields, and let $P(t)$ be a quadratic polynomial over $k$. Let $X$ be the affine variety defined by $P(t) = N_{K/k}(\mathbf{z})$. We study the Hasse principle and weak approximation for $X$ in three cases. For $[K:k]=4$ and $P(t)$ irreducible over $k$ and split in $K$, we prove the Hasse principle and weak approximation. For $k=\mathbb{Q}$ with arbitrary $K$, we show that the Brauer-Manin obstruction to the Hasse principle and weak approximation is the only one. For $[K:k]=4$ and $P(t)$ irreducible over $k$, we determine the Brauer group of smooth proper mod…
In this article, we study obstructions to weak approximation for connected linear groups and homogeneous spaces with connected or abelian stabilizers over finite extensions of $\mathbb C((x,y))$ or function fields of curves over $\mathbb C((t))$. We show that for connected linear groups, the usual Brauer-Manin obstruction works as in the case of tori. However, this Brauer-Manin obstruction is not enough for homogeneous spaces, as shown by the examples we give. We then construct an obstruction using torsors under quasi-trivial tori that explains the failure of weak-approximation.
Let X be a smooth variety over a number field k embedded as a degree d subvariety of $\mathbb{P}^n$ and suppose that X is a counterexample to the Hasse principle explained by the Brauer-Manin obstruction. We consider the question of whether the obstruction is given by the d-primary subgroup of the Brauer group, which would have both theoretic and algorithmic implications. We prove that this question has a positive answer in the case of torsors under abelian varieties, Kummer surfaces and (conditional on finiteness of Tate-Shafarevich groups) bielliptic surfaces. For Kummer varieties we show th…
We relate the Brauer group of a smooth variety over a p-adic field to the geometry of the special fibre of a regular model, using the purity theorem in étale cohomology. As an illustration, we describe how the Brauer group of a smooth del Pezzo surface is determined by the singularity type of its reduction. We then relate the evaluation of an element of the Brauer group to the existence of points on certain torsors over the special fibre; we use this to describe situations when the evaluation is constant, and situations when the evaluation is surjective. In the latter case, we describe how thi…
Building upon our arithmetic duality theorems for 1-motives, we prove that the Manin obstruction related to a finite subquotient $\Be (X)$ of the Brauer group is the only obstruction to the Hasse principle for rational points on torsors under semiabelian varieties over a number field, assuming the finiteness of the Tate-Shaferevich group of the abelian quotient. This theorem answers a question by Skorobogatov in the semiabelian case and is a key ingredient of recent work on the elementary obstruction for homogeneous spaces over number fields. We also establish a Cassels-Tate type dual exact se…
Equivariant unirationality of toric varieties
本文研究环面簇在有限群作用下的等变单有理性，提出挠子理论障碍并证明其对环面自同构诱导作用的充分性。
Geometrically Abelian Sections on Higher-Dimensional Varieties
该研究探讨高维簇的算术信息检测，通过几何阿贝尔基本群截面，在p进域、有限生成域上推导相关结论，还给出Esnault与Wittenberg定理强化版本的新证明。
Let G be a linear algebraic group defined over a field k. We prove that, under mild assumptions on k and G, there exists a finite k-subgroup S of G such that the natural map H^1(K, S) -> H^1(K, G) is surjective for every field extension K/k. We give several applications of this result in the case where k an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and K/k is finitely generated. In particular, we prove that for every z in H^1(K, G) there exists an abelian field extension L/K such that z_L \in H^1(L, G) is represented by a G-torsor over a projective variety. From this we deduce that z_L…
Extending torsors over regular models of curves
本文研究曲线正则模型上带点 torsor 的延拓问题，通过对数 Picard 函子建立等价刻画并给出延拓判据，推广 Chiodo 关于 Néron 模型挠子群的准则，最后以超椭圆曲线为例说明方法。
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety with a fibration into varieties that either satisfy a condition on representability of zero-cycles or that are torsors under an abelian variety. We study the classes in the Brauer group that never obstruct the Hasse principle for $X$. We prove that if the generic fiber has a zero-cycle of degree $d$ over the generic point, then the Brauer classes whose orders are prime to $d$ do not play a role in the Brauer--Manin obstruction. As a result we show that the odd torsion Brauer classes never obstruct the Hasse principle for del Pezzo surfaces of degree 2, ce…
Regular homomorphisms, with a twist
本文研究带扭曲的正则同态，证明无$K$-点的$T$对应的闭链类可确定阿贝尔挠子，给出代数闭链存在的障碍并关联三维代数簇有理性的最新结果。
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