Sergei Chmutov, Igor Pak
We show that the Kauffman bracket $[L]$ of a checkerboard colorable virtual link $L$ is an evaluation of the Bollobás-Riordan polynomial $R_{G_L}$ of a ribbon graph associated with $L$. This result generalizes Thistlethwaite's celebrated theorem relating the Kauffman bracket with the Tutte polynomial of planar graphs.
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We generalize the natural duality of graphs embedded into a surface to a duality with respect to a subset of edges. The dual graph might be embedded into a different surface. We prove a relation between the signed Bollobas-Riordan polynomials of dual graphs. This relation unifies various recent results expressing the Jones polynomial of links as specializations of the Bollobas-Riordan polynomials.
For a ribbon graph $G$ we consider an alternating link $L_G$ in the 3-manifold $G\times I$ represented as the product of the oriented surface $G$ and the unit interval $I$. We show that the Kauffman bracket $[L_G]$ is an evaluation of the recently introduced Bollobas-Riordan polynomial $R_G$. This results generalizes the celebrated relation between Kauffman bracket and Tutte polynomial of planar graphs.
For a graph G embedded in an orientable surface Σ, we consider associated links L(G) in the thickened surface Σ\times I. We relate the HOMFLY polynomial of L(G) to the recently defined Bollobas-Riordan polynomial of a ribbon graph. This generalizes celebrated results of Jaeger and Traldi. We use knot theory to prove results about graph polynomials and, after discussing questions of equivalence of the polynomials, we go on to use our formulae to prove a duality relation for the Bollobas-Riordan polynomial. We then consider the specialization to the Jones polynomial and recent results of Chmutov…
Oriented ribbon graphs (dessins d'enfant) are graphs embedded in oriented surfaces. The Bollobás-Riordan-Tutte polynomial is a three-variable polynomial that extends the Tutte polynomial to oriented ribbon graphs. A quasi-tree of a ribbon graph is a spanning subgraph with one face, which is described by an ordered chord diagram. We generalize the spanning tree expansion of the Tutte polynomial to a quasi-tree expansion of the Bollobás-Riordan-Tutte polynomial.
The Bollobás-Riordan polynomial [Math. Ann. 323, 81 (2002)] is a universal polynomial invariant for ribbon graphs. We find an extension of this polynomial for a particular family of combinatorial objects, called rank 3 weakly-colored stranded graphs. Stranded graphs arise in the study of tensor models for quantum gravity in physics, and generalize graphs and ribbon graphs. We present a seven-variable polynomial invariant of these graphs, which obeys a contraction/deletion recursion relation similar to that of the Tutte and Bollobás-Riordan polynomials. However, it is defined on a much broader …
We introduce an additional structure on ribbon graphs, arrow structure. We extend the Bollobás-Riordan polynomial to ribbon graph with this structure. The extended polynomial satisfies the contraction-deletion relations and naturally behaves with respect to the partial duality of ribbon graphs. We construct an arrow ribbon graph from a virtual link whose extended Bollobás-Riordan polynomial specializes to the arrow polynomial of the virtual link recently introduced by H.Dye and L.Kauffman. This result generalizes the classical Thistlethwaite theorem to the arrow polynomial of virtual links.
The Jones polynomial of an alternating link is a certain specialization of the Tutte polynomial of the (planar) checkerboard graph associated to an alternating projection of the link. The Bollobas-Riordan-Tutte polynomial generalizes the Tutte polynomial of planar graphs to graphs that are embedded in closed oriented surfaces of higher genus. In this paper we show that the Jones polynomial of any link can be obtained from the Bollobas-Riordan-Tutte polynomial of a certain oriented ribbon graph associated to a link projection. We give some applications of this approach.
The celebrated Thistlethwaite theorem relates the Jones polynomial of a link with the Tutte polynomial of the corresponding planar graph. We give a generalization of this theorem to virtual links. In this case, the graph will be embedded into a (higher genus) surface. For such graphs we use the generalization of the Tutte polynomial discovered by B.Bollobas and O.Riordan.
Thistlethwaite Theorems for Knotoids and Linkoids
本文将经典的Thistlethwaite定理从链环推广到knotoids与linkoids，通过定义扭曲knotoids和带标记带状图，建立了Kauffman括号与Bollobás-Riordan多项式之间的联系，并扩展至扭曲箭头多项式和环箭头多项式。
Motivated by Khovanov homology and relations between the Jones polynomial and graph polynomials, we construct a homology theory for embedded graphs from which the chromatic polynomial can be recovered as the Euler characteristic. For plane graphs, we show that our chromatic homology can be recovered from the Khovanov homology of an associated link. We apply this connection with Khovanov homology to show that the torsion-free part of our chromatic homology is independent of the choice of planar embedding of a graph. We extend our construction and categorify the Bollobas-Riordan polynomial (a ge…
It is well a known and fundamental result that the Jones polynomial can be expressed as Potts and vertex partition functions of signed plane graphs. Here we consider constructions of the Jones polynomial as state models of unsigned graphs and show that the Jones polynomial of any link can be expressed as a vertex model of an unsigned embedded graph. In the process of deriving this result, we show that for every diagram of a link in the 3-sphere there exists a diagram of an alternating link in a thickened surface (and an alternating virtual link) with the same Kauffman bracket. We also recover …
In this paper, we analyze the Bollobás and Riordan polynomial $\mathcal{R}$ for ribbon graphs with half-ribbons introduced in [Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 31, 507-549, 2022]. We prove the universality property of a multivariate version of $\mathcal{R}$ whereas $\mathcal{R}$ itself turns out to be universal for a subclass of ribbon graphs with half-ribbons. We also show that $\mathcal{R}$ can be defined on some equivalence classes of ribbon graphs involving half-ribbons moves and that the new polynomial is universal on these classes.
It is well-known that the Jones polynomial of an alternating knot is closely related to the Tutte polynomial of a special graph obtained from a regular projection of the knot. Relying on the results of Bollobás and Riordan, we introduce a generalization of Kauffman's Tutte polynomial of signed graphs for which describing the effect of taking a signed tensor product of signed graphs is very simple. We show that this Tutte polynomial of a signed tensor product of signed graphs may be expressed in terms of the Tutte polynomials of the original signed graphs by using a simple substitution rule. Ou…
We introduce a polynomial invariant of graphs on surfaces, $P_G$, generalizing the classical Tutte polynomial. Topological duality on surfaces gives rise to a natural duality result for $P_G$, analogous to the duality for the Tutte polynomial of planar graphs. This property is important from the perspective of statistical mechanics, where the Tutte polynomial is known as the partition function of the Potts model. For ribbon graphs, $P_G$ specializes to the well-known Bollobas-Riordan polynomial, and in fact the two polynomials carry equivalent information in this context. Duality is also estab…
3-manifold polynomials
该研究提出通过Heega图关联的极小Heega图定义三维流形多项式，证明其有限性，对透镜空间完成分类，发现庞加莱同调球面的极小Heega图对应重合的ribbon图多项式，为相关不变量研究提供方向。
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