Quantum principal bundles up to homotopy equivalence
Christian Kassel
备注：
12 pages. This is a corrected version of a paper published in "The Legacy of Niels Henrik Abel", 737-748. O. A. Laudal, R. Piene (eds.), Springer-Verlag 2004
We translate some fundamental properties satisfied by topological principal bundles into the setting of Hopf-Galois extensions. The properties are: functoriality, homotopy, and triviality. The main new concept of the paper is the homotopy equivalence of Hopf-Galois extensions. We work in the particular case where the subalgebra of coinvariants is central but without any restriction on the Hopf algebras coacting on the quantum principal bundle. We examine in detail the case when the Hopf algebra is one of Sweedler or Taft's finite-dimensional Hopf algebras.
Quantum principal bundles or principal comodule algebras are re-interpreted as principal bundles within a framework of Synthetic Noncommutative Differential Geometry. More specifically, the notion of a noncommutative principal bundle within a braided monoidal category is introduced and it is shown that a noncommutative principal bundle in the category opposite to the category of vector spaces is the same as a faithfully flat Hopf-Galois extension.
Following the approach of Budzyński and Kondracki, we define covariant differential algebras and connections on locally trivial quantum principal fibre bundles. We also consider covariant derivatives, connection forms and curvatures and explore the relations between these notions. As an example, a U(1) quantum principal bundle over a glued quantum sphere and a connection in this bundle is constructed. This connection may be interpreted as a q-deformed Dirac monopole.
We define locally trivial quantum vector bundles (QVB) and QVB associated to locally trivial quantum principal fibre bundles. There exists a differential structure on the associated vector bundle coming from the differential structure on the principal bundle, which allows to define connections on the associated vector bundle associated to connections on the principal bundle.
Two hierarchies of quantum principal bundles over quantum real projective spaces are constructed. One hierarchy contains bundles with U(1) as a structure group, the other has the quantum group $SU_q(2)$ as a fibre. Both hierarchies are obtained by the process of prolongation from bundles with the cyclic group of order 2 as a fibre. The triviality or otherwise of these bundles is determined by using a general criterion for a prolongation of a comodule algebra to be a cleft Hopf-Galois extension.
A noncommutative-geometric formalism of framed principal bundles is sketched, in a special case of quantum bundles (over quantum spaces) possessing classical structure groups. Quantum counterparts of torsion operators and Levi-Civita type connections are analyzed. A construction of a natural differential calculus on framed bundles is described. Illustrative examples are presented.
It is shown that every quantum principal bundle with a compact structure group is a Hopf-Galois extension. This property naturally extends to the level of general differential structures, so that every differential calculus over a quantum principal bundle with a compact structure group is a graded-differential variant of the Hopf-Galois extension.
A noncommutative-geometric generalization of the classical formalism of frame bundles is developed, incorporating into the theory of quantum principal bundles the concept of the Levi-Civita connection. The construction of a natural differential calculus on quantum principal frame bundles is presented, including the construction of the associated differential calculus on the structure group. General torsion operators are defined and analyzed. Illustrative examples are presented.
The notion of a translation map in a quantum principal bundle is introduced. A translation map is then used to prove that the cross sections of a quantum fibre bundle $E(B,V,A)$ associated to a quantum principal bundle $P(B,A)$ are in bijective correspondence with equivariant maps $V\to P$, and that a quantum principal bundle is trivial if it admits a cross section which is an algebra map. The vertical automorphisms and gauge transformations of a quantum principal bundle are discussed. In particular it is shown that vertical automorphisms are in bijective correspondence with $\ad$-covariant ma…
Hurwitz spaces are homotopy quotients of the braid group action on the moduli space of principal bundles over a punctured plane. By considering a certain model for this homotopy quotient we build an aspherical topological operad that we call the little bundles operad. As our main result, we describe this operad as a groupoid-valued operad in terms of generators and relations and prove that the categorical little bundles algebras are precisely Turaev's crossed categories. Moreover, we prove that the evaluation on the circle of a homotopical two-dimensional equivariant topolological field theory…
It is shown that every quantum principal bundle is braided, in the sense that there exists an intrinsic braid operator twisting the functions on the bundle. A detailed algebraic analysis of this operator is performed. In particular, it turns out that the braiding admits a natural extension to the level of arbitrary differential forms on the bundle. Applications of the formalism to the study of quantum gauge transformations are presented.
A constructive approach to differential calculus on quantum principal bundles is presented. The calculus on the bundle is built in an intrinsic manner, starting from given graded (differential) *-algebras representing horizontal forms on the bundle and differential forms on the base manifold, together with a family of antiderivations acting on horizontal forms, playing the role of covariant derivatives of regular connections. In this conceptual framework, a natural differential calculus on the structure quantum group is described.
The structure of quantum principal bundles is studied, from the viewpoint of Tannaka-Krein duality theory. It is shown that if the structure quantum group is compact, principal G-bundles over a quantum space M are in a natural correspondence with certain contravariant functors defined on the category of finite-dimensional unitary representations of G, with the values in the category of finite projective bimodules over a *-algebra representing the base space.
Quantum affine bundles are quantum principal bundles with affine quantum structure groups. A general theory of quantum affine bundles is presented. In particular, a detailed analysis of differential calculi over these bundles is performed, including the description of a natural differential calculus over the structure affine quantum group. A particular attention is given to the study of the specific properties of quantum affine connections and several purely quantum phenomena appearing in the context of quantum affine bundles. Various interesting constructions are presented. In particular, the…
A general noncommutative-geometric theory of principal bundles is presented. Quantum groups play the role of structure groups. General quantum spaces play the role of base manifolds. A differential calculus on quantum principal bundles is studied. In particular, algebras of horizontal and verticalized differential forms on the bundle are introduced and investigated. The formalism of connections is developed. Operators of horizontal projection, covariant derivative and curvature are constructed and analyzed. A quantum generalization of classical Weil's theory of characteristic classes is sketch…
In other to study connections and gauge theories on noncommutative spaces it is useful to use the local trivializations of principal bundles. In this note we show how to use noncommutative localization theory to describe a simple version of cocycle data for the bundles on noncommutative schemes with Hopf algebras in the role of the structure group which locally look like Hopf algebraic smash products. We also show how to use these Čech cocycles for associated vector bundles. We sketch briefly some examples related to quantum groups.
A theory of principal bundles possessing quantum structure groups and classical base manifolds is presented. Structural analysis of such quantum principal bundles is performed. A differential calculus is constructed, combining differential forms on the base manifold with an appropriate differential calculus on the structure quantum group. Relations between the calculus on the group and the calculus on the bundle are investigated. A concept of (pseudo)tensoriality is formulated. The formalism of connections is developed. In particular, operators of horizontal projection, covariant derivative an…
A generalization of classical gauge theory is presented, in the framework of a noncommutative-geometric formalism of quantum principal bundles over smooth manifolds. Quantum counterparts of classical gauge bundles, and classical gauge transformations, are introduced and investigated. A natural differential calculus on quantum gauge bundles is constructed and analyzed. Kinematical and dynamical properties of corresponding gauge theories are discussed.
We outline how Drinfeld twist deformation techniques can be applied to the deformation quantization of principal bundles into noncommutative principal bundles, and more in general to the deformation of Hopf-Galois extensions. First we twist deform the structure group in a quantum group, and this leads to a deformation of the fibers of the principal bundle. Next we twist deform a subgroup of the group of authomorphisms of the principal bundle, and this leads to a noncommutative base space. Considering both deformations we obtain noncommutative principal bundles with noncommutative fiber and bas…
Spectral triples over noncommutative principal $\T^n$-bundles are studied, extending recent results about the noncommutative geometry of principal U(1)-bundles. We relate the noncommutative geometry of the total space of the bundle with the geometry of the base space. Moreover, strong connections are used to build new Dirac operators. We discuss as a particular case the commutative case, the noncommutative tori and theta deformed manifolds.
In this paper, we initiate the study of a parametrised version of Rieffel's strict deformation quantization. We apply it to give a classification of noncommutative principal torus bundles, in terms of parametrised strict deformation quantization of ordinary principal torus bundles. The paper also contains a putative definition of noncommutative non-principal torus bundles.
We construct noncommutative principal bundles deforming principal bundles with a Drinfeld twist (2-cocycle). If the twist is associated with the structure group then we have a deformation of the fibers. If the twist is associated with the automorphism group of the principal bundle, then we obtain noncommutative deformations of the base space as well. Combining the two twist deformations we obtain noncommutative principal bundles with both noncommutative fibers and base space. More in general, the natural isomorphisms proving the equivalence of a closed monoidal category of modules and its twis…
The relationship between the exactness of a first order differential calculus on a comodule algebra $P$ and the Galois property of $P$ is investigated.
