Measure homology is a variation of singular homology designed by Thurston in his discussion of simplicial volume. Zastrow and Hansen showed independently that singular homology (with real coefficients) and measure homology coincide algebraically on the category of CW-complexes. It is the aim of this paper to prove that this isomorphism is isometric with respect to the l^1-seminorm on singular homology and the seminorm on measure homology induced by the total variation. This, in particular, implies that one can calculate the simplicial volume via measure homology -- as already claimed by Thurston. For example, measure homology can be used to prove the proportionality principle of simplicial volume.
We introduce bounded cohomology for (pairs of) groupoids and develop homological algebra to deal with it. We generalise results of Ivanov, Frigerio and Pagliantini to this setting and show that (under topological conditions) the bounded cohomology of a pair of topological spaces is isometrically isomorphic to the bounded cohomology of the pair of fundamental groupoids. Furthermore, we prove that bounded cohomology relative to an amenable groupoid is isometrically isomorphic to the bounded cohomology of the ambient groupoid.
In this paper, we clarify the relationship among the Vietoris-type homology theories and the microsimplicial homology theories, where the latter are nonstandard homology theories defined by M. C. McCord (for topological spaces), T. Korppi (for completely regular topological spaces) and the author (for uniform spaces). We show that McCord's and our homology are isomorphic for all compact uniform spaces and that Korppi's and our homology are isomorphic for all fine uniform spaces. Our homology shares many good properties with Korppi's homology. As an example, we outline a proof of the continuity…
Measure homology was introduced by Thurston in his notes about the geometry and topology of 3-manifolds, where it was exploited in the computation of the simplicial volume of hyperbolic manifolds. Zastrow and Hansen independently proved that there exists a canonical isomorphism between measure homology and singular homology (on the category of CW-complexes), and it was then shown by Loeh that, in the absolute case, such isomorphism is in fact an isometry with respect to the L^1-seminorm on singular homology and the total variation seminorm on measure homology. Loeh's result plays a fundamental…
For an orbifold M we define a homology group, called t-singular homology group t-H_q(M), which depends not only on the topological structure of the underlying space of M, but also on the orbifold structure of M. We prove that it is a b-homotopy invariant of orbifolds. If M is a manifold, t-H_q(M) coincides with the usual singular homology group. We calculate the t-singular homology groups with Z-coefficients of several orbifolds. The t-singular homology group with rational coefficients of an orbifold M is isomorphic to the singular homology group with rational coefficients of M (and to that of…
In this article, we show that magnitude homology and path homology are closely related, and we give some applications. We define differentials ${\mathrm MH}^{\ell}_k(G) \longrightarrow {\mathrm MH}^{\ell-1}_{k-1}(G)$ between magnitude homologies of a digraph $G$, which make them chain complexes. Then we show that its homology ${\mathcal MH}^{\ell}_k(G)$ is non-trivial and homotopy invariant in the context of `homotopy theory of digraphs' developed by Grigor'yan--Muranov--S.-T. Yau et al (G-M-Ys in the following). It is remarkable that the diagonal part of our homology ${\mathcal MH}^{k}_k(G)$ …
In this paper we prove results relating to four homology theories developed in the topology of digital images: a simplicial homology theory by Arslan et al which is the homology of the clique complex, a singular simplicial homology theory by Lee, a cubical homology theory by Jamil and Ali, and a new kind of cubical homology for digital images with $c_1$-adjacency which is easily computed, and generalizes a construction by Karaca & Ege. We show that the two simplicial homology theories are isomorphic, and that the two cubical theories are isomorphic, but that the simplicial theory is not isomor…
We calculate the singular homology and Čech cohomology groups of the Harmonic archipelago. As a corollary, we prove that this space is not homotopy equivalent to the Griffiths space. This is interesting in view of Eda's proof that the first singular homology groups of these spaces are isomorphic.
The simplicial volume is a homotopy invariant of oriented closed connected manifolds measuring the efficiency of representing the fundamental class by singular chains with real coefficients. Despite of its topological nature, the simplicial volume is linked to Riemannian geometry in various ways, e.g., by the proportionality principle. The proportionality principle of simplicial volume states that the simplicial volume and the Riemannian volume are proportional for oriented closed connected Riemannian manifolds sharing the same universal Riemannian covering. Thurston indicated a proof of the p…
In this paper we study and compare two homology theories for (simple and undirected) graphs. The first, which was developed by Barcelo, Caprano, and White, is based on graph maps from hypercubes to the graph. The second theory was developed by Grigor'yan, Lin, Muranov, and Yau, and is based on paths in the graph. Results in both settings imply that the respective homology groups are isomorphic in homological dimension one. We show that, for several infinite classes of graphs, the two theories lead to isomorphic homology groups in all dimensions. However, we provide an example for which the hom…
Let $X$ be a toric variety. Rationally Borel-Moore homology of $X$ is isomorphic to the homology of the Koszul complex $A^T_*(X)\otimes Λ^\x M$, where $A^T_*(X)$ is the equivariant Chow group and $M$ is the character group of $T$. Moreover, the same holds for coefficients which are the integers with certain primes inverted.
For any space X with the homotopy type of simply-connected, finite-type CW-complex, we construct an associative cochain algebra fls(X) whose cohomology algebra is isomorphic to that of LX, the free loop space on X. For certain X, we define a cochain map from fls(X) to itself that is a good model of the pth-power operation on LX. Under additional conditions on X, e.g., when X is a wedge of spheres, we define a cochain complex hos(X) by twisting together fls(X) and H*(BS^1) and prove that the cohomology of hos(X) is isomorphic to the Borel cohomology of LX. Finally, we define tc(X) to be the map…
In this paper, we extend a result of Lafont and M{é}tayer and prove that the polygraphic homology of a small category, defined in terms of polygraphic resolutions in the category $ω$Cat of strict $ω$-categories, is naturally isomorphic to the homology of its nerve. Along the way, we prove some results on homotopy colimits with respect to the Folk model structure and deduce a theorem which formally resembles Quillen's Theorem A.
In this paper, we consider homology groups induced by the exterior algebra generated by a simplicial compliment of a simplicial complex $K$. These homology groups are isomorphic to the Tor-groups $\mathrm{Tor}_{i, J}^{\mathbf{k}[m]}(\mathbf{k}(K),\mathbf{k})$ of the face ring $\mathbf{k}(K)$, which is very useful and much studied in toric topology. By using $\check{C}ech$ homology theory and Alexander duality theorem, we prove that these homology groups have dualities with the simplicial cohomology groups of the full subcomplexes of $K$. Then we give a new proof of Hochster's theorem.
In this paper, we introduce a new method to compute magnitude homology of general graphs. To each direct sum component of magnitude chain complexes, we assign a pair of simplicial complexes whose simplicial chain complex is isomorphic to it. First we states our main theorem specialized to trees, which gives another proof for the known fact that trees are diagonal. After that, we consider general graphs, which may have cycles. We also demonstrate some computation as an application.
We prove that two quasi-isomorphic simply connected differential graded associative Frobenius algebras have isomorphic Goresky-Hingston algebras on their reduced Hochschild homology. Our proof is based on relating the Goresky-Hingston algebra on reduced Hochschild homology to the singular Hochschild cohomology algebra. For any simply connected oriented closed manifold $M$ of dimension $k$, the Goresky-Hingston algebra on reduced Hochschild homology induces an algebra structure of degree $k-1$ on $\bar{H}^*(LM;\mathbb{Q})$, the reduced rational cohomology of the free loop space of $M$. As a con…
In the setting of saddle point reduction, we prove that the critical groups of the original functional and the reduced functional are isomorphic. As application, we obtain two nontrivial solutions for elliptic gradient systems which may be resonant both at the origin and at infinity. The difficulty that the variational functional does not satisfy the Palais-Smale condition is overcame by taking advantage of saddle point reduction. Our abstract results on critical groups are crucial.
