In this paper we extend and adapt several results on extensions of Lie algebras to topological Lie algebras over topological fields of characteristic zero. In particular we describe the set of equivalence classes of extensions of the Lie algebra by the Lie algebra a disjoint union of affine spaces with translation group H^2(\g,\z(\n))_{[S]}, where [S] denotes the equivalence class of the continuous outer action S \: \g \to \der \n. We also discuss topological crossed modules and explain how they are related to extensions of Lie algebras by showing that any continuous outer action gives rise to a crossed module whose obstruction class in H^3(\g,\z(\n))_S is the characteristic class of the corresponding crossed module. The correspondence between crossed modules and extensions further leads to a description of \n-extensions of \g in terms of certain \z(\n)-extensions of a Lie algebra which is an extension of \g by \n/\z(\n). We discuss several types of examples, describe applications to Lie algebras of vector fields on principal bundles, and in two appendices we describe the set of automorphisms and derivations of topological Lie algebra extensions.
In this paper, the main objective is to compare the abelian subalgebras and ideals of maximal dimension for finite-dimensional supersolvable Lie algebras. We characterise the maximal abelian subalgebras of solvable Lie algebras and study solvable Lie algebras containing an abelian subalgebra of codimension 2. Finally, we prove that nilpotent Lie algebras with an abelian subalgebra of codimension 3 contain an abelian ideal with the same dimension, provided that the characteristic of the underlying field is not two. Throughout the paper, we also give several examples to clarify some results.
We compare the maximal dimension of abelian subalgebras and the maximal dimension of abelian ideals for finite-dimensional Lie algebras. We show that these dimensions coincide for solvable Lie algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We compute this invariant for all complex nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension n less than 8. Furthermore we study the case where there exists an abelian subalgebra of codimension 2. Here we explicitly construct an abelian ideal of codimension 2 in case of nilpotent Lie algebras.
In this paper, we introduce the notion of a derivation of a Hom-Lie algebra and construct the corresponding strict Hom-Lie 2-algebra, which is called the derivation Hom-Lie 2-algebra. As applications, we study non-abelian extensions of Hom-Lie algebras. We show that iso- morphism classes of diagonal non-abelian extensions of a Hom-Lie algebra g by a Hom-Lie algebra h are in one-to-one correspondence with homotopy classes of morphisms from g to the derivation Hom-Lie 2-algebra DER(h).
Given a Lie algebra $L$ graded by a group $G$, if $L$ is does not contain orthogonal graded ideals and $G$ is generated by the support of $L$, then $G$ is an abelian group.
We study some properties of the non-abelian tensor product of Hom-Lie algebras concerning the preservation of products and quotients, solvability and nilpotency, and describe compatibility with the universal central extensions of perfect Hom-Lie algebras.
We introduce the non-abelian tensor product of Lie superalgebras, study some of its properties including nilpotency, solvability and Engel, and we use it to describe the universal central extensions of Lie superalgebras. We present the low-dimensional non-abelian homology of Lie superalgebras and establish its relationship with the cyclic homology of associative superalgebras. We also define the non-abelian exterior product and give an analogue of Miller's theorem, Hopf formula and a six-term exact sequence for the homology of Lie superalgebras.
In this paper, first we show that under the assumption of the center of h being zero, diagonal non-abelian extensions of a regular Hom-Lie algebra g by a regular Hom-Lie algebra h are in one-to-one correspondence with Hom-Lie algebra morphisms from g to Out(h). Then for a general Hom-Lie algebra morphism from g to Out(h), we construct a cohomology class as the obstruction of existence of a non-abelian extension that induce the given Hom-Lie algebra morphism.
In this paper we study the low dimensional cohomology groups of Hom-Lie algebras and their relation with derivations, abelian extensions and crossed modules. On one hand, we introduce the notion of $α$-abelian extensions and we obtain a five term exact sequence in cohomology. On the other hand, we introduce crossed modules of Hom-Lie algebras showing their equivalence with cat$^1$-Hom-Lie algebras, and we introduce $α$-crossed modules to have a better understanding of the third cohomology group.
Non-abelian tensor product of Hom-Lie algebras is constructed and studied. This tensor product is used to describe universal ($α$-)central extensions of Hom-Lie algebras and to establish a relation between cyclic and Milnor cyclic homologies of Hom-associative algebras satisfying certain additional condition.
In this paper, we determine upper bound for the non-abelian tensor product of finite dimensional Lie superalgebra. More precisely, if $L$ is a non-abelian nilpotent Lie superalgebra of dimension $(k \mid l)$ and its derived subalgebra has dimension $(r \mid s)$, then $ \dim (L\otimes L) \leq (k+l-(r+s))(k+l-1)+2$. We discuss the conditions when the equality holds for $r=1, s=0$ explicitly.
We classify the (n-5)-filiform Lie algebras which have the additional property of a non-abelian derived subalgebra. We show that this property is strongly related with the structure of the Lie algebra of derivations; explicitely we show that if a (n-5)-filiform algebra is characteristically nilpotent, then it must be 2-abelian. We also give applications of k-abelian Lie algebras to the construction of solvable rigis algebras, as well as to the theory of nilalgebras of parabolic subalgebras in the example of the exceptional simple model E_{6}.
The number of Frattini chief factors or of chief factors which are complemented by a maximal subalgebra of a finite-dimensional Lie algebra $L$ is the same in every chief series for $L$, by \cite[Theorem 2.3]{[11]}. However, this is not the case for the number of chief factors which are simply complemented in $L$. In this paper we determine the possible variation in that number.
We obtain a characterization of the real Lie algebras admitting abelian complex structures in terms of certain affine Lie algebras $\frak a \frak f \frak f (A)$, where $A$ is a commutative algebra. These affine Lie algebras are natural generalizations of $\frak a \frak f \frak f (\Bbb C)$ and the corresponding Lie groups are complex affine manifolds. It turns out that all 4-dimensional Lie algebras carrying abelian complex structures are central extensions of such affine Lie algebras.
For $c\geq 2$, the free centre-by-(nilpotent-of-class-c-1)-by abelian Lie ring on a set $X$ is the quotient $L/[(L')^c,L]$ where $L$ is the free Lie ring on $X$, and $(L')^c$ denotes the $c$th term of the lower central series of the derived ideal $L'=L^2$ of $L$. In this paper we give a complete description of the torsion subgroup of its additive group in the case where $|X|=2$ and $c$ is a prime number.
The complete affine structures on abelian Lie algebras in small dimensions are well known. In this paper we are interested by the non complete case. In particular we classify all these structures in dimensions 2 and 3.
In this paper, we first give the notation of a compatible pre-Lie algebra and its representation. We study the relation between compatible Lie algebras and compatible pre-Lie algebras. We also construct a new bidifferential graded Lie algebra whose Maurer-Cartan elements are compatible pre-Lie structures. We give the bidifferential graded Lie algebra which controls deformations of a compatible pre-Lie algebra. Then, we introduce a cohomology of a compatible pre-Lie algebra with coefficients in itself. We study infinitesimal deformations of compatible pre-Lie algebras and show that equivalent i…
The main object of study of this paper is the notion of 3-Lie superalgebras with superderivations. We consider a representation $(Φ,\mathcal{P})$ of a $3$-Lie superalgebra $\mathcal{Q}$ on $\mathcal{P}$ and construct first-order cohomologies by using superderivations of $\mathcal{P},\mathcal{Q}$ which induces a Lie superalgebra $\mathcal{T}_Φ$ and its representation $Ψ$. Then we consider abelian extensions of $3$-Lie superalgebras of the form $0\rightarrow \mathcal{P}\hookrightarrow \mathcal{L}\rightarrow \mathcal{Q}\rightarrow 0$ with $[\mathcal{P},\mathcal{P},\mathcal{L}]=0$ and construct an…
In this paper we study universal central extensions and non-abelian tensor product of hom-Lie-Rinehart algebras. We discuss about universal $α$- central extensions, and, lifting of automorphisms and $α$-derivations to central extensions for hom-Lie-Rinehart algebras. This is in turn provide such lifting of automorphisms and $α^k$-derivations to the central extensions for hom-Lie algebras.
In this paper, we study non-abelian extensions of 3-Lie algebras through Maurer-Cartan elements. We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between isomorphism classes of non-abelian extensions of 3-Lie algebras and equivalence classes of Maurer-Cartan elements in a DGLA. The structure of the Leibniz algebra on the space of fundamental objects is also analyzed.
In this paper, we study non-abelian extensions of strict Lie 2-algebras via the cohomology theory. A non-abelian extension of a strict Lie 2-algebra $\g$ by $\frkh$ gives rise to a strict homomorphism from $\g$ to $\SOut(\frkh)$. Conversely, we prove that the obstruction of existence of non-abelian extensions of strict Lie 2-algebras associated to a strict Lie 2-algebra homomorphism from $\g$ to $\SOut(\frkh)$ is given by an element in the third cohomology group. We further prove that the isomorphism classes of non-abelian extensions of strict Lie 2-algebras are classified by the second cohomo…
For every finite $p$-group $G$ of order $p^n$ with derived subgroup of order $p^m$, Rocco in \cite{roc} proved that the order of tensor square of $G$ is at most $p^{n(n-m)}$. This upper bound has been improved recently by author in \cite{ni}. The aim of the present paper is to obtain a similar result for a non-abelian nilpotent Lie algebra of finite dimension. More precisely, for any given $n$-dimensional non-abelian nilpotent Lie algebra $L$ with derived subalgebra of dimension $m$ we have $\mathrm{dim} (L\otimes L)\leq (n-m)(n-1)+2$. Furthermore for $m=1$, the explicit structure of $L$ is gi…
We study the structure of Lie groups admitting left invariant abelian complex structures in terms of commutative associative algebras. If, in addition, the Lie group is equipped with a left invariant Hermitian structure, it turns out that such a Hermitian structure is Kähler if and only if the Lie group is the direct product of several copies of the real hyperbolic plane by a euclidean factor. Moreover, we show that if a left invariant Hermitian metric on a Lie group with an abelian complex structure has flat first canonical connection, then the Lie group is abelian.
In this paper, we introduce the notion of generalized representation of a $3$-Lie algebra, by which we obtain a generalized semidirect product $3$-Lie algebra. Moreover, we develop the corresponding cohomology theory. Various examples of generalized representations of 3-Lie algebras and computation of 2-cocycles of the new cohomology are provided. Also, we show that a split abelian extension of a 3-Lie algebra is isomorphic to a generalized semidirect product $3$-Lie algebra. Furthermore, we describe general abelian extensions of 3-Lie algebras using Maurer-Cartan elements.
For a finite dimensional Lie algebra $\g$ over a field $\k$ of characteristic zero, the $μ$-function (respectively $μ_{nil}$-function) is defined to be the minimal dimension of $V$ such that $\g$ admits a faithful representation (respectively a faithful nilrepresentation) on $V$. Let $\h_m$ be the Heisenberg Lie algebra of dimension $2m + 1$ and let $\mathfrak{a}_n$ be the abelian Lie algebra of dimension $n$. The aim of this paper is to compute $μ(\h_m \oplus \mathfrak{a}_n)$ and $μ_{nil}(\h_m \oplus \mathfrak{a}_n)$ for all $m,n \in \mathbb{N}$.
In this paper, we study the maximal dimension $α(L)$ of abelian subalgebras and the maximal dimension $β(L)$ of abelian ideals of m-dimensional 3-Lie algebras $L$ over an algebraically closed field. We show that these dimensions do not coincide if the field is of characteristic zero, even for nilpotent 3-Lie algebras. We then prove that 3-Lie algebras with $β(L) = m-2$ are 2-step solvable (see definition in Section 2). Furthermore, we give a precise description of these 3-Lie algebras with one or two dimensional derived algebras. In addition, we provide a classification of 3-Lie algebras with …
In this paper we investigate the relation between the multiplicities of split abelian chief factors of finite-dimensional Lie algebras and first degree cohomology. In particular, we obtain a characterization of modular solvable Lie algebras in terms of the vanishing of first degree cohomology or in terms of the multiplicities of split abelian chief factors. The analogues of these results are well known in the modular representation theory of finite groups. An important tool in the proof of these results is a refinement of a non-vanishing theorem of Seligman for the first degree cohomology of n…
