Let H_c be the rational Cherednik algebra of type A_{n-1} with spherical subalgebra U_c = eH_ce. Then U_c is filtered by order of differential operators, with associated graded ring gr U_c = C[h+h*]^W, where W is the n-th symmetric group. We construct a filtered Z-algebra B such that, under mild conditions on c:
(1) The category B-qgr of graded noetherian B-modules modulo torsion is equivalent to U_c-mod;
(2) The associated graded Z-algebra gr(B) has gr(B)-qgr equivalent to Coh Hilb(n), the category of coherent sheaves on the Hilbert scheme of points in the plane.
This can be regarded as saying that U_c simultaneously gives a noncommutative deformation both of (h+h*)/W and of its resolution of singularities Hilb(n) --> (h+h*)/W. As our forthcoming companion paper [GS] shows, this result is a powerful tool for studying the representation theory of H_c and its relationship to Hilb(n).
In this article we study rational Cherednik algebras at $t = 1$ in positive characteristic. We study a finite dimensional quotient of the rational Cherednik algebra called the restricted rational Cherednik algebra. When the corresponding pseudo-reflection group belongs to the infinite series $G(m,d,n)$, we describe explicitly the block decomposition of the restricted algebra. We also classify all pseudo-reflection groups for which the centre of the corresponding rational Cherednik algebra is regular for generic values of the deformation parameter.
We study those finite dimensional quotients of the rational Cherednik algebra at t=0 that are supported at a point of the centre. It is shown that each such quotient is Morita equivalent to a certain cuspidal quotient of a rational Cherednik algebra associated to a parabolic subgroup of W.
We show that the spherical subalgebra of the rational Cherednik algebra associated to the wreath product of a symmetric group and a cyclic group is isomorphic to a quotient of the ring of invariant differential operators on a space of representations of the cyclic quiver. This confirms a version of a conjecture of Etingof and Ginzburg in the case of cyclic groups. The proof is a straightforward application of work of Oblomkov on the deformed Harish-Chandra homomorphism, and of Crawley-Boevey and of Gan and Ginzburg on preprojective algebras.
We show how the existence of a PBW-basis and a large enough central subalgebra can be used to deduce that an algebra is Frobenius. This is done by considering the examples of rational Cherednik algebras, Hecke algebras, quantised universal enveloping algebras, quantum Borels and quantised function algebras. In particular, we give a positive answer to \cite[Problem 6]{Rouquier} stating that the restricted rational Cherednik algebra at the value $t=0$ is symmetric.
We present a computer algebra package based on Magma for performing computations in rational Cherednik algebras at arbitrary parameters and in Verma modules for restricted rational Cherednik algebras. Part of this package is a new general Las Vegas algorithm for computing the head and the constituents of a module with simple head in characteristic zero which we develop here theoretically. This algorithm is very successful when applied to Verma modules for restricted rational Cherednik algebras and it allows us to answer several questions posed by Gordon in some specific cases. We could determi…
Drinfeld orbifold algebras deform skew group algebras in polynomial degree at most one and hence encompass graded Hecke algebras, and in particular symplectic reflection algebras and rational Cherednik algebras. We introduce parametrized families of Drinfeld orbifold algebras for symmetric groups acting on doubled representations that generalize rational Cherednik algebras by deforming in degree one. We characterize rich families of maps recording commutator relations with their linear parts supported only on and only off the identity when the symmetric group acts on the natural permutation re…
A complete classification and character formulas for finite-dimensional irreducible representations of the rational Cherednik algebra of type A is given. Less complete results for other types are obtained. Links to the geometry of affine flag manifolds and Hilbert schemes are discussed.
Let V be a finite dimensional representation of the connected complex reductive group H. Denote by G the derived subgroup of H and assume that the categorical quotient of V by G is one dimensional. In this situation there exists a homomorphism, denoted by rad, from the algebra A of G-invariant differential operators on V to the first Weyl algebra. We show that the image of rad is isomorphic to the spherical subalgebra of a Cherednik algebra, whose parameters are determined by the b-function of the relative invariant associated to the prehomogeneous vector space (H : V). If (H : V) is furthemor…
We prove a number of results on the structure and representation theory of the rational Cherednik algebra of the imprimitive reflection group $G(\ell,p,n)$. In particular, we: (1) show a relationship to the Coulomb branch construction of Braverman, Finkelberg and Nakajima, and 3-dimensional quantum field theory; (2) show that the spherical Cherednik algebra carries the structure of a principal Galois order; (3) construct a graded lift of category $\mathcal{O}$ and the larger category of Dunkl-Opdam modules, whose simple modules have the properties of a dual canonical basis and (4) give the fir…
Let H_c be the rational Cherednik algebra of type A_{n-1} with spherical subalgebra U_c=eH_ce. Then U_c is filtered by order of differential operators with associated graded ring gr U_c=C[h + h*]^W, where W is the n-th symmetric group. Using the Z-algebra construction from our earlier paper (math.RA/0407516) it is also possible to associate to a filtered H_c- or U_c-module M a coherent sheaf on the Hilbert scheme Hilb(n). Using this technique, we study the representation theory of U_c and H_c, and relate it to Hilb(n) and to the resolution of singularities from Hilb(n) to h+h*/W. For example, …
We obtain several results about representations of rational Cherednik algebras, and discuss their applications. Our first result is the Cohen-Macaulayness property (as modules over the polynomial ring) of Cherednik algebra modules with minimal support. Our second result is an explicit formula for the character of an irreducible minimal support module in type A_{n-1} for c=m/n, and an expression of its quasispherical part (i.e., the isotypic part of "hooks") in terms of the HOMFLY polynomial of a torus knot colored by a Young diagram. We use this formula and the work of Calaque, Enriquez and Et…
We give an alternate presentation of the cyclotomic rational Cherednik algebra, which has the useful feature of compatibility with the Opdam-Dunkl subalgebra. This presentation has a diagrammatic flavor, and it provides a simple explanation of several surprising facts about this algebra. It allows direct proof of the connection of category $\mathcal{O}$ to weighted KLR algebras, allows us to classify the simple Dunkl-Opdam modules over the Cherednik algebra and provides an algebraic construction of the KZ functor. Furthermore, one of prime motivations for considering this approach is to provid…
We study the category O of representations of the rational Cherednik algebra A attached to a complex reflection group W. We construct an exact functor, called Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov functor, from O to the category of H-modules, where H is the (finite) Iwahori-Hecke algebra associated to W. We prove that the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov functor induces an equivalence between O/O_tor, the quotient of O by the subcategory of A-modules supported on the discriminant and the category of finite-dimensional H-modules. The standard A-modules go, under this equivalence, to certain modules arising in Kazhdan-L…
We establish a link between two geometric approaches to the representation theory of rational Cherednik algebras of type A: one based on a noncommutative Proj construction, used in [GS]; the other involving quantum hamiltonian reduction of an algebra of differential operators, used in [GG]. In the present paper, we combine these two points of view by showing that the process of hamiltonian reduction intertwines a naturally defined geometric twist functor on D-modules with the shift functor for the Cherednik algebra. That enables us to give a direct and relatively short proof of the key result,…
We develop representation theory of the rational Cherednik algebra H associated to a finite Coxeter group W in a vector space h. It is applied to show that, for integral values of parameter `c', the algebra H is simple and Morita equivalent to D(h)#W, the cross product of W with the algebra of polynomial differential operators on h. We further study an algebra Q of quasi-invariant polynomials on h introduced by Chalykh, Feigin, and Veselov [CV], [FV], such that C[h]^W \subset Q \subset C[h]. We prove that the algebra D(Q) of differential operators on quasi-invariants is a simple algebra, Morit…
It is a fundamental result in commutative algebra and invariant theory that a finitely generated graded module over a commutative finitely generated graded algebra has rational Hilbert series, and consequently the Hilbert series of the algebra of polynomial invariants of a group of linear transformations is rational, whenever this algebra is finitely generated. This basic principle is applied here to prove rationality of Hilbert series of algebras of invariants that are neither commutative nor finitely generated. Our main focus is on linear groups acting on certain factor algebras of the tenso…
It is shown that the subalgebra of invariants of a free associative algebra of finite rank under a linear action of a semisimple Hopf algebra has a rational Hilbert series with respect to the usual degree function, whenever the ground field has zero characteristic.
This paper solves the rational noncommutative analog of Hilbert's 17th problem: if a noncommutative rational function is positive semidefinite on all tuples of hermitian matrices in its domain, then it is a sum of hermitian squares of noncommutative rational functions. This result is a generalization and culmination of earlier positivity certificates for noncommutative polynomials or rational functions without hermitian singularities. More generally, a rational Positivstellensatz for free spectrahedra is given: a noncommutative rational function is positive semidefinite or undefined at every m…
