A classical result says that a free action of the circle $\Bbb{S}^1$ on a topological space $X$ is geometrically classified by the orbit space $B$ and by a cohomological class ${H}^{^{2}}{(B,\Bbb{Z})}$, the Euler class. When the action is not free we have a difficult open question:
$Π$ : "Is the space $X$ determined by the orbit space $B$ and the Euler class?"
The main result of this work is a step towards the understanding of the above question in the category of unfolded pseudomanifolds. We prove that the orbit space $B$ and the Euler class determine:
* the intersection cohomology of $X$,
* the real homotopy type of $X$.
We prove that the basic intersection cohomology $IH^*_{\overline{p}}(M / \mathcal{F})$, where $\mathcal{F}$ is the singular foliation determined by an isometric action of a Lie group $G$ on the compact manifold $M$, verifies the Poincaré Duality Property.
It is known that, for a regular riemannian foliation on a compact manifold, the properties of its basic cohomology (non-vanishing of the top-dimensional group and Poincaré Duality) and the tautness of the foliation are closely related. If we consider singular riemannian foliations, there is little or no relation between these properties. We present an example of a singular isometric flow for which the top dimensional basic cohomology group is non-trivial, but its basic cohomology does not satisfy the Poincaré Duality property. We recover this property in the basic intersection cohomology. It i…
In this paper, we prove that the orbit space B and the Euler class of an action of the circle S^1 on X determine both the equivariant intersection cohomology of the pseudomanifold X and its localization. We also construct a spectral sequence converging to the equivariant intersection cohomology of X whose third term is described in terms of the intersection cohomology of B.
The classification of Seifert manifolds was given in terms of numeric data by Seifert in 1933, and then generalized by Orlik and Raymond in 1968 to circle actions on closed 3d manifolds. In this paper, we further generalize the classification to circle actions on 3d manifolds with boundaries by adding a numeric parameter and a union of cycle graphs. Then we describe the equivariant cohomology of 3d manifolds with circle actions in terms of ring, module and vector-space structures. We also compute equivariant Betti numbers and Poincaré series for these manifolds and discuss the equivariant form…
On a smoothly stratified space, we identify intersection cohomology of any given perversity with an associated weighted $L^2$ cohomology for iterated fibred cusp metrics on the smooth stratum. In particular given a Witt space, we identify the $L^2$ cohomology of iterated fibred cusp metrics with the middle perversity intersection cohomology of the corresponding stratified space.
We provided two explicit formulas for the intersection cohomology (as a graded vector space with pairing) of the symplectic quotient by a circle in terms of the $S^1$ equivariant cohomology of the original symplectic manifold and the fixed point data. The key idea is the construction of a small resolution of the symplectic quotient.
The theory of intersection spaces assigns cell complexes to certain stratified topological pseudomanifolds depending on a perversity function in the sense of intersection homology. The main property of the intersection spaces is Poincaré duality over complementary perversities for the reduced singular (co)homology groups with rational coefficients. This (co)homology theory is not isomorphic to intersection homology, instead they are related by mirror symmetry. Using differential forms, Banagl extended the intersection space cohomology theory to 2-strata pseudomanifolds with a geometrically fla…
Let $X$ be a finitistic space with its rational cohomology isomorphic to that of the wedge sum $P^2(n)\vee S^{3n} $ or $S^{n} \vee S^{2n}\vee S^{3n}$. We study continuous $\mathbb{S}^1$ actions on $X$ and determine the possible fixed point sets up to rational cohomology depending on whether or not $X$ is totally non-homologous to zero in $X_{\mathbb{S}^1}$ in the Borel fibration $X\hookrightarrow X_{\mathbb{S}^1} \longrightarrow B_{\mathbb{S}^1}$. We also give examples realizing the possible cases.
We study the Madsen-Tillman spectrum \CP^\infty_{-1} as a quotient of the Mahowald pro-object \CP^\infty_{-\infty}, which is closely related to the Tate cohomology of circle actions. That theory has an associated symplectic structure, whose symmetries define the Virasoro operations on the cohomology of moduli space constructed by Kontsevich and Witten.
We compute rational $T$-equivariant elliptic cohomology of CP(V), where $T$ is the circle group, and CP(V) is the $T$-space of complex lines for a finite dimensional complex $T$-representation V. Starting from an elliptic curve C over the complex numbers and a coordinate data around the identity, we achieve this computation by proving that the $T$-equivariant elliptic cohomology theory $EC_T$ built in [Gre05], and the $T^2$-equivariant elliptic cohomology theory $EC_{T^2}$ built in [Bar22] are 1x$T$-split. This result allows us to reduce the computation of $EC_T(CP(V))$ to the computation of $…
Given a perversity function in the sense of intersection homology theory, the method of intersection spaces assigns to certain oriented stratified spaces cell complexes whose ordinary reduced homology with real coefficients satisfies Poincaré duality across complementary perversities. The resulting homology theory is well-known not to be isomorphic to intersection homology. For a two-strata pseudomanifold with product link bundle, we give a description of the cohomology of intersection spaces as a space of weighted $L^2$ harmonic forms on the regular part, equipped with a fibred scattering met…
Suppose that G=S^1 acts freely on a finitistic space X whose mod p cohomology ring isomorphic to that of a lens space L^{2m-1}(p;q_1,...,q_m). In this paper, we determine the mod p cohomology ring of the orbit space X/G. If the characteristic class α\belongs H^2(X/G;Z_p) of the S^1-bundle S--> X--> X/G is nonzero, then mod p ndex of the action is deined to be the largest integer n such that α^n is nonzero. We also show that the mod p index of a free action of S^1 on a lens space L^(2m-1)(p;q_1,...,q_m) is p-1, provided that αis nonzero.
While intersection cohomology is stable under small resolutions, both ordinary and intersection cohomology are unstable under smooth deformation of singularities. For complex projective algebraic hypersurfaces with an isolated singularity, we show that the first author's cohomology of intersection spaces is stable under smooth deformations in all degrees except possibly the middle, and in the middle degree precisely when the monodromy action on the cohomology of the Milnor fiber is trivial. In many situations, the isomorphism is shown to be a ring homomorphism induced by a continuous map. This…
We construct a canonical Thom isomorphism in Grojnowski's equivariant elliptic cohomology, for virtual T-oriented T-equivariant spin bundles with vanishing Borel-equivariant second Chern class, which is natural under pull-back of vector bundles and exponential under Whitney sum. It extends in the complex-analytic case the non-equivariant sigma orientation of Hopkins, Strickland, and the author. The construction relates the sigma orientation to the representation theory of loop groups and Looijenga's weighted projective space, and sheds light even on the non-equivariant case. Rigidity theorems …
We construct an explicit de Rham isomorphism relating the cohomology rings of Banagl's de Rham and spatial approach to intersection space cohomology for stratified pseudomanifolds with isolated singularities. Intersection space (co-)homology is a modified (co-)homology theory extending Poincaré Duality to stratified pseudomanifolds. The novelty of our result compared to the de Rham isomorphism given previously by Banagl is, that we indeed have an isomorphism of rings and not just of graded vector spaces. We also provide a proof of the de Rham Theorem for cohomology rings of pairs of smooth man…
Intersection cohomology is a way to enhance classical cohomology, allowing us to use a famous result called Poincaré duality on a large class of spaces known as stratified pseudomanifolds. There is a theoretically powerful way to arrive at intersection cohomology by classifying sheaves that satisfy what are called Deligne axioms. We stablish an abstract manifestation of the Deligne axioms, to then apply it on a simplicial complex environment, for a category of simplicial sheaves inspired on the works of D. Chataur, D. Tanré and M. Saralegi-Araguren. For a stablished topology on a triangulation…
Within its traditional range of perversity parameters, intersection cohomology is a topological invariant of pseudomanifolds. This is no longer true once one allows superperversities, in which case intersection cohomology may depend on the choice of the stratification by which it is defined. Topological invariance also does not hold if one allows stratifications with codimension one strata. Nonetheless, both errant situations arise in important situations, the former in the Cappell-Shaneson superduality theorem and the latter in any discussion of pseudomanifold bordism. We show that while full…
On intersection cohomology with torus action of complexity one, II
Basque Center of Applied Mathematics (BCAM)（巴斯克应用数学中心）；Ruhr-Universität Bochum（鲁尔大学波鸿分校）；Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur（坎普尔印度理工学院）；Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)（塞阿拉联邦大学）
We study the ring generated by the Chern classes of tautological line bundles on the moduli space of parabolic bundles of arbitrary rank on a Riemann surface. We show the Poincaré duals to these Chern classes have simple geometric representatives. We use this construction to show that the ring generated by these Chern classes vanishes below the dimension of the moduli space, in analogy with the Newstead-Ramanan conjecture for stable bundles.
In previous works, we have introduced the blown-up intersection cohomology and used it to extend Sullivan's minimal models theory to the framework of pseudomanifolds, and to give a positive answer to a conjecture of M. Goresky and W. Pardon on Steenrod squares in intersection homology. In this paper, we establish the main properties of this cohomology. One of its major feature is the existence of cap and cup products for any filtered space and any commutative ring of coefficients, at the cochain level. Moreover, we show that each stratified map induces an homomorphism between the blown-up inte…
We present a functorial computation of the equivariant intersection cohomology of a hypertoric variety, and endow it with a natural ring structure. When the hyperplane arrangement associated with the hypertoric variety is unimodular, we show that this ring structure is induced by a ring structure on the equivariant intersection cohomology sheaf in the equivariant derived category. The computation is given in terms of a localization functor which takes equivariant sheaves on a sufficiently nice stratified space to sheaves on a poset.
We continue the approach toward a purely combinatorial "virtual" intersection cohomology for possibly non-rational fans, based on our investigation of equivariant intersection cohomology for toric varieties (see math.AG/9904159). Fundamental objects of study are "minimal extension sheaves" on "fan spaces". These are flabby sheaves of graded modules over a sheaf of polynomial rings, satisfying three relatively simple axioms that characterize the properties of the equivariant intersection cohomology sheaf on a toric variety, endowed with the finite topology given by open invariant subsets. These…
For any smooth free action of the unit circle S1 on a smooth manifold M, the Gysin sequence of M is a long exact sequence relating the DeRham Cohomology of M and the orbit space M/S1. If the action is not free then M/S1 is not a smooth manifold but a stratified pseudomanifold, the lenght of M/S1 depending on the number of orbit types; and there is a Gysin sequence relating their intersection cohomologies. The links of the fixed strata in M/S1 are cohomological complex projective spaces, so the conecting homomorphism of this sequences is the multiplication by the Euler class. In this article we…
The method of intersection spaces associates cell-complexes depending on a perversity to certain types of stratified pseudomanifolds in such a way that Poincaré duality holds between the ordinary rational cohomology groups of the cell-complexes associated to complementary perversities. The cohomology of these intersection spaces defines a cohomology theory HI for singular spaces, which is not isomorphic to intersection cohomology IH. Mirror symmetry tends to interchange IH and HI. The theory IH can be tied to type IIA string theory, while HI can be tied to IIB theory. For pseudomanifolds with …
We prove that the prime torsion in the local integral intersection cohomology of Schubert varieties in the flag variety of the general linear group grows exponentially in the rank. The idea of the proof is to find a highly singular point in a Schubert variety and calculate the Euler class of the normal bundle to the (miraculously smooth) fibre in a particular Bott-Samelson resolution. The result is a geometric version of an earlier result established using Soergel bimodule techniques.
For a stratified pseudomanifold $X$, we have the de Rham Theorem $ \lau{\IH}{*}{\per{p}}{X} = \lau{\IH}{\per{t} - \per{p}}{*}{X}, $ for a perversity $\per{p}$ verifying $\per{0} \leq \per{p} \leq \per{t}$, where $\per{t}$ denotes the top perversity. We extend this result to any perversity $\per{p}$. In the direction cohomology $\mapsto$ homology, we obtain the isomorphism $$ \lau{\IH}{*}{\per{p}}{X} = \lau{\IH}{\per{t} -\per{p}}{*}{X,\ib{X}{\per{p}}}, $$ where $ {\displaystyle \ib{X}{\per{p}} = \bigcup\_{S \preceq S\_{1} \atop \per{p} (S\_{1})< 0}S = \bigcup\_{\per{p} (S)< 0}\bar{S}.} $ In the…
We investigate the equivariant intersection cohomology of a toric variety. Considering the defining fan of the variety as a finite topological space with the subfans being the open sets (that corresponds to the "toric" topology given by the invariant open subsets), equivariant intersection cohomology provides a sheaf (of graded modules over a sheaf of graded rings) on that "fan space". We prove that this sheaf is a "minimal extension sheaf", i.e., that it satisfies three relatively simple axioms which are known to characterize such a sheaf up to isomorphism. In the verification of the second o…
Let X be a pseudomanifold. In this text, we use a simplicial blow-up to define a cochain complex whose cohomology with coefficients in a field, is isomorphic to the intersection cohomology of X, introduced by M. Goresky and R. MacPherson. We do it simplicially in the setting of a filtered version of face sets, also called simplicial sets without degeneracies, in the sense of C.P. Rourke and B.J. Sanderson. We define perverse local systems over filtered face sets and intersection cohomology with coefficients in a perverse local system. In particular, as announced above when X is a pseudomanifol…
A homotopical treatment of intersection cohomology recently developed by Chataur-Saralegui-Tanré associates a "perverse algebraic model" to every topological pseudomanifold, extending Sullivan's presentation of rational homotopy to intersection cohomology. In this context, there is a notion of "intersection-formality", measuring the vanishing of Massey products in intersection cohomology. In the present paper, we study the perverse algebraic model of complex projective varieties with isolated singularities. We endow such invariant with natural mixed Hodge structures. This allows us to prove so…
Let $C_2$ denote the cyclic group of order 2. We compute the $RO(C_2)$-graded cohomology of all $C_2$-surfaces with constant integral coefficients. We show when the action is nonfree, the answer depends only on the genus, the orientability of the underlying surface, the number of isolated fixed points, the number of fixed circles with trivial normal bundles, and the number of fixed circles with nontrivial normal bundles. When the action on the surface is free, we show the answer depends only on the genus, the orientability of the underlying surface, whether the action is orientation preserving…
Nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR) algorithms such as Isomap, LLE and Laplacian Eigenmaps address the problem of representing high-dimensional nonlinear data in terms of low-dimensional coordinates which represent the intrinsic structure of the data. This paradigm incorporates the assumption that real-valued coordinates provide a rich enough class of functions to represent the data faithfully and efficiently. On the other hand, there are simple structures which challenge this assumption: the circle, for example, is one-dimensional but its faithful representation requires two real coordi…
We present an obstruction theoretic inductive construction of intersection space pairs, which generalizes Banagl's construction of intersection spaces for arbitrary depth stratifications. We construct intersection space pairs for pseudomanifolds with compatible trivial structures at the link fibrations; this includes the case of toric varieties. We define intersection space complexes in an axiomatic way, similar to Goresky-McPherson axioms for intersection cohomology. We prove that if the intersection space exists, then the pseudomanifold has an intersection space complex whose hypercohomology…
We prove a conjecture raised by M. Goresky and W. Pardon, concerning the range of validity of the perverse degree of Steenrod squares in intersection cohomology. This answer turns out of importance for the definition of characteristic classes in the framework of intersection cohomology. For this purpose, we present a construction of ${\rm cup}_{i}$-products on the cochain complex, built on the blow-up of some singular simplices and introduced in a previous work. We extend to this setting the classical properties of the associated Steenrod squares, including Adem and Cartan relations, for any g…
