Let R a be countable ergodic equivalence relation of type II_1 on a standard probability space (X,m). The group Out(R) of outer automorphisms of R consists of all invertible Borel measure preserving maps of the space which map R-classes to R-classes modulo those which preserve almost every R-class. We analyze the group Out(R) for relations R generated by actions of higher rank lattices, providing general conditions on finiteness and triviality of Out(R) and explicitly computing this group for the standard actions. The method is based on Zimmer's superrigidity for measurable cocycles, Ratner's theorem and Gromov's Measure Equivalence construction.
We prove that some ergodic linear automorphisms of $\T^N$ are stably ergodic, i.e. any small perturbation remains ergodic. The class of linear automorphisms we deal with includes all non-Anosov ergodic automorphisms when N=4 and so, as a corollary, we get that every ergodic linear automorphism of $\T^N$ is stably ergodic when $N\leq 5$.
We show that for every linear toral automorphism, especially the non-hyperbolic ones, the entropies of ergodic measures form a dense set on the interval from zero to the topological entropy.
We interpret the Pascal-adic transformation as a generalized induced automorphism (over odometer) and formulate the $σ$-finite analog of odometer which is also known as "Hajian-Kakutani transformation" (former "Ohio state example"). We shortly suggest a sketch of the theory of random walks on the groups on the base of $σ$-finite ergodic theory.
Let $K$ be a compact metrizable group and $\Ga$ be a finitely generated group of commuting automorphisms of $K$. We show that ergodicity of $\Ga$ implies $\Ga$ contains ergodic automorphisms if center of the action, $Z(\Ga) = \{\ap \in {\rm Aut}(K) \mid \ap {\rm commutes with elements of \rm} \Ga \}$ has DCC. To explain that the condition on the center of the action is not restrictive, we discuss certain abelian groups which in particular, retrieves Theorems of Berend \cite{Be} and Schmidt \cite{Sc1} proved in this context.
The classical theorem of Jewett and Krieger gives a strictly ergodic model for any ergodic measure preserving system. An extension of this result for non-ergodic systems was given many years ago by George Hansel. He constructed, for any measure preserving system, a strictly uniform model, i.e. a compact space which admits an upper semicontinuous decomposition into strictly ergodic models of the ergodic components of the measure. In this note we give a new proof of a stronger result by adding the condition of purity, which controls the set of ergodic measures that appear in the strictly uniform…
Let T be an ergodic automorphism of the d-dimensional torus. In the spirit of Le Borgne, we give conditions on the Fourier coeffi cients of a real valued function f under which the Birkhoff sums satis fy a strong invariance principle. Next, reinforcing the condition on the Fourier coeffi cients in a natural way, we obtain explicit rates of convergence in the strong invariance principle.
The existence of measure preserving invertible transformations $T$ with simple spectrum is established possessing the following rate of correlation decay $(f(T^k x), f(x)) = O(|k|^{-1/2+ε})$ for a dense family of functions $f$ and any ${ε> 0}$.
In this paper we give a number of explicit constructions for II$_1$ factors and II$_1$ equivalence relations that have prescribed fundamental group and outer automorphism group. We construct factors and relations that have uncountable fundamental group different from $\IRpos$. In fact, given any II$_1$ equivalence relation, we construct a II$_1$ factor with the same fundamental group. Given any locally compact unimodular second countable group $G$, our construction gives a II$_1$ equivalence relation $\RelR$ whose outer automorphism group is $G$. The same construction does not give a II$_1$ fa…
We show that some $C^*$--dynamical systems obtained by "quantizing" classical ones on the free Fock space, enjoy very strong ergodic properties. Namely, if the classical dynamical system $(X, T, \m)$ is ergodic but not weakly mixing, then the resulting quantized system $(\gg,\a)$ is uniquely ergodic (w.r.t the fixed point algebra) but not uniquely weak mixing. The same happens if we quantize a classical system $(X, T, \m)$ which is weakly mixing but not mixing. In this case, the quantized system is uniquely weak mixing but not uniquely mixing. Finally, a quantized system arising from a classic…
Birkhoff's theorem states that for an ergodic automorphism, the time averages converge to the space average. Given sequence $ψ(n)\to+0$, U. Krengel proved that for any ergodic automorphism there is an indicator such that the corresponding time averages converged a.e. with a rate slower than $ψ$. We prove again similar statements answering a question of I. Podvigin in passing.
We investigate the structure of the outer automorphism group of the Cuntz algebra and the closely related problem of conjugacy of MASAa in O_n. In particular, we exhibit an uncountable family of MASAs, conjugate to the standard MASA D_n via Bogolubov automorphisms, that are not inner conjugate to D_n.
In this paper we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the amenability of the automorphism group of Fraïssé structures and apply it to prove the non-amenability of the automorphism groups of the directed graph $\mathbf{S}(3)$ and the Boron tree structure $\mathbf{T}$. Also, we provide a negative answer to the Unique Ergodicity-Generic Point problem of Angel-Kechris-Lyons [AKL]. By considering $\mathrm{GL}(\mathbf{V}_\infty)$, where $\mathbf{V}_\infty$ is the countably infinite dimensional vector space over a finite field $F_q$, we show that the unique invariant measure on the univer…
If $α$ is an irreducible nonexpansive ergodic automorphism of a compact abelian group $X$ (such as an irreducible nonhyperbolic ergodic toral automorphism), then $α$ has no finite or infinite state Markov partitions, and there are no nontrivial continuous embeddings of Markov shifts in $X$. In spite of this we are able to construct a symbolic space $V$ and a class of shift-invariant probability measures on $V$ each of which corresponds to an $α$-invariant probability measure on $X$. Moreover, every $α$-invariant probability measure on $X$ arises essentially in this way. The last part of the pa…
We show that the only random orderings of finite graphs that are invariant under isomorphism and induced subgraph are the uniform random orderings. We show how this implies the unique ergodicity of the automorphism group of the random graph. We give similar theorems for other structures, including, for example, metric spaces. These give the first examples of uniquely ergodic groups, other than compact groups and extremely amenable groups, after Glasner and Weiss's example of the group of all permutations of the integers. We also contrast these results to those for certain special classes of gr…
Let $K$ be a compact metrizable group and $\Ga$ be a group of automorphisms of $K$. We first show that each $\ap \in \Ga$ is distal on $K$ implies $\Ga$ itself is distal on $K$, a local to global correspondence provided $\Ga$ is a generalized $\ov{FC}$-group or $K$ is a connected finite-dimensional group. We show that $\Ga$ contains an ergodic automorphism when $\Ga$ is nilpotent and ergodic on a connected finite-dimensional compact abelian group $K$.
This investigation studies the ergodic properties of reversible linear cellular automata over $\mathbb{Z}_m$ for $m \in \mathbb{N}$. We show that a reversible linear cellular automaton is either a Bernoulli automorphism or non-ergodic. This gives an affirmative answer to an open problem proposed in [Pivato, Ergodc theory of cellular automata, Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 2009, pp.~2980-3015] for the case of reversible linear cellular automata.
We study mixing properties of epimorphisms of a compact connected finite-dimensional abelian group $X$. In particular, we show that a set $F$, $|F|>\dim X$, of epimorphisms of $X$ is mixing iff every subset of $F$ of cardinality $(\dim X)+1$ is mixing. We also construct examples of free nonabelian groups of automorphisms of tori which are mixing, but not mixing of order 3, and show that, under some irreducibility assumptions, ergodic groups of automorphisms contain mixing subgroups and free nonabelian mixing subsemigroups.
We show that the ergodicity of an aperiodic automorphism of a Lebesgue space is equivalent to the continuity of a certain map on a metric Boolean algebra. A related characterization is also presented for periodic and totally ergodic transformations
The self-similar structure of the attracting subshift of a primitive substitution is carried over to the limit set of the repelling tree in the boundary of Outer Space of the corresponding irreducible outer automorphism of a free group. Thus, this repelling tree is self-similar (in the sense of graph directed constructions). Its Hausdorff dimension is computed. This reveals the fractal nature of the attracting tree in the boundary of Outer Space of an irreducible outer automorphism of a free group.
We study mixing properties of commutative groups of automorphisms acting on compact nilmanifolds. Assuming that every nontrivial element acts ergodically, we prove that such actions are mixing of all orders. We further show exponential 2-mixing and 3-mixing. As an application we prove smooth cocycle rigidity for higher-rank abelian groups of nilmanifold automorphisms.
A dynamical Mertens' theorem for ergodic toral automorphisms with error term O(N^{-1}) is found, and the influence of resonances among the eigenvalues of unit modulus is examined. Examples are found with many more, and with many fewer, periodic orbits than expected.
An algebraic $Γ$-action is an action of a countable group $Γ$ on a compact abelian group $X$ by continuous automorphisms of $X$. We prove that any expansive algebraic action of a finitely generated nilpotent group $Γ$ on a connected group $X$ is ergodic. We also show that this result does not hold for actions of polycyclic groups.
We prove that the restriction of a probability measure invariant under a nonhyperbolic, ergodic and totally irreducible automorphism of a compact connected abelian group to the leaves of the central foliation is severely restricted. We also prove a topological analogue of this result: the intersection of every proper closed invariant subset with each central leaf is compact.
Let $Γ$ be an amenable countable discrete group. Fix an ergodic free nonsingular action of $Γ$ on a nonatomic standard probability space. Let $G$ be a compactly generated locally compact second countable group such that the closure of the group of inner automorphisms of $G$ is compact in the natural topology. It is shown that there exists a {\it bounded} ergodic $G$-valued cocycle of $Γ$.
Answering a question of A. Vershik we construct two non-weakly isomorphic ergodic automorphisms for which the associated unitary (Koopman) representations are Markov quasi-similar. We also discuss metric invariants of Markov quasi-similarity in the class of ergodic automorphisms.
