We introduce in this paper a field theory on symplectic manifolds that are fibered over a real surface with interior marked points and cylindrical ends. We assign to each such object a morphism between certain tensor products of quantum and Floer homologies that are canonically attached to the fibration. We prove a composition theorem in the spirit of QFT, and show that this field theory applies naturally to the problem of minimising geodesics in Hofer's geometry. This work can be considered as a natural framework that incorporates both the Piunikhin-Salamon-Schwarz morphisms and the Seidel isomorphism.
We show that generalized broken fibrations in arbitrary dimensions admit rank-2 Poisson structures compatible with the fibration structure. After extending the notion of wrinkled fibration to dimension 6 we prove that these wrinkled fibrations also admit compatible rank-2 Poisson structures. In the cases with indefinite singularities we can provide these wrinkled fibrations in dimension 6 with near-symplectic structures.
In this note we discuss symplectic lifts of actions for a complete Lagrangian fibration. Firstly, we describe the symplectic cotangent lifts of a G-action on a manifold Q in terms of 1-cocycles in the cohomology of G induced by the action with values in the space of closed 1-forms on Q. After this, we consider the general case of complete Lagrangian fibrations.
In this note we extend to non trivial Hamiltonian fibrations over symplectically uniruled manifolds a result of Lu's, \cite{Lu}, stating that any trivial symplectic product of two closed symplectic manifolds with one of them being symplectically uniruled verifies the Weinstein Conjecture for closed separating hypersurfaces of contact type, under certain technical conditions. The proof is based on the product formula for Gromov-Witten invariants ($GW$-invariant) of Hamiltonian fibrations derived in \cite{H}.
Given a fibration of a symplectic manifold by lagrangian tori, we show that each symplectic vector field splits into two parts : the first is Hamiltonian and the second is symplectic and preserves the fibration. We then show an application of this result in the study of the regular deformations of completely integrable systems.
In this paper we classify symplectic Lefschetz fibrations (with empty base locus) on a four-manifold which is the product of a three-manifold with a circle. This result provides further evidence in support of the following conjecture regarding symplectic structures on such a four-manifold: if the product of a three-manifold with a circle admits a symplectic structure, then the three-manifold must fiber over a circle, and up to a self-diffeomorphism of the four-manifold, the symplectic structure is deformation equivalent to the canonical symplectic structure determined by the fibration of the t…
This is an announcement of results proved in [GGS1], [GGS2], [C], and [CG] where methods from Lie theory were used as new tools for the study of symplectic Lefschetz fibrations.
We show that for each k > 3 there are infinitely many finite type Stein manifolds diffeomorphic to Euclidean space R^{2k} which are pairwise distinct as symplectic manifolds.
In this paper we summarize our recent work in the construction of Lagrangian torus fibrations for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in toric varieties and the symplectic Strominger-Yau-Zaslow conjecture, together with some new development. It is submittded to the Proceedings of the Conference in Symplectic Geometry and Mirror Symmetry held in KIAS, Seoul, Korea. The paper was finished in Jan. 2001, with revisions and added reference.
We describe Lefschetz-Bott fibrations on complex line bundles over symplectic manifolds explicitly. As an application, we construct more than one strong symplectic filling of the link of the $A_{k}$-type singularity. In the appendix, we show that the total space of a Lefschetz-Bott fibration over the unit disk serves as a strong symplectic filling of a contact manifold compatible with an open book induced by the fibration.
Moduli spaces of stable pseudoholomorphic curves can be defined parametrically, i.e. over total spaces of symplectic fibrations. This imposes several restrictions on the spectral sequence of a symplectic fibration. We prove that, under certain assumptions, a Hamiltonian fibration c-splits, i.e. the spectral sequence associated to the fibration collapses at E_2. Moreover, we obtain a new estimate of the rank of flux groups. In the appendix, we provide examples of nonzero Gromov-Witten invariants for blow-ups. As an application, we prove that any Hamiltonian fibration with fibre being projective…
In this note we introduce the notion of the relative symplectic cone. As an application, we determine the symplectic cone of certain T^2-fibrations. In particular, for some elliptic surfaces we verify a conjecture on the symplectic cone of minimal Kaehler surfaces raised by the second author.
We consider certain type of fiber bundles with odd dimensional compact contact base, exact symplectic fibers, and the structure group contained in the group of exact symplectomorphisms of the fiber. We call such fibrations "contact symplectic fibrations". By a result of Hajduk-Walczak, some of these admit contact structures which are "compatible" (in a certain sense) with the corresponding fibration structures. We show that this result can be extended to get a compatible contact structure on any contact symplectic fibration, and also that isotopic contact structures on the base produce isotopi…
In this paper we construct and classify Lagrangian T^3-fibrations on non compact symplectic manifolds with singular fibres of prescribed topological type. This contributes to the understanding of the structure of the singular fibres that may appear on a mirror pair of T^3-fibred Calabi-Yau 3-folds.
The topology of broken Lefschetz fibrations is studied by means of handle decompositions. We consider a slight generalization of round handles, and describe the handle diagrams for all that appear in dimension four. We establish simplified handlebody and monodromy representations for a certain subclass of broken Lefschetz fibrations/pencils, while showing that all near-symplectic closed 4-manifolds can be supported by these a la Auroux, Donaldson, Katzarkov. Various constructions of broken Lefschetz fibrations and a generalization of the symplectic fiber sum operation to the near-symplectic se…
We present a generalized Weinstein Tubular Neighbourhood theorem for Lagrangian subbundles of Symplectic fibrations. This is then used to study the space of Lagrangian fibrations of symplectic manifolds.
In this article we study proper symplectic and iso-symplectic embeddings of $4$--manifolds in $6$--manifolds. We show that a closed orientable smooth $4$--manifold admitting a Lefschetz fibration over $\C P^1$ admits a symplectic embedding in the symplectic manifold $(\C P^1 \times \C P^1 \times \C P^1, ω_{pr}),$ where $ω_{pr}$ is the product symplectic form on $\C P^1 \times \C P^1 \times \C P^1.$ We also show that there exists a sub-critical Weinstein $6$--manifold in which all finite type Weinstein $4$--manifolds admit iso-symplectic embeddings.
Lefschetz fibration is the symplectic analogue of stable holomorphic fibration in complex geometry. A 4-dimensional stable holomorphic fibration satisfies the famous Parshin-Arakelov inequality. In this note we present an analogous inequality for a 4-dimensional Lefschetz fibration.
Motivated by the programmes initiated by Taubes and Perutz, we study the geometry of near-symplectic 4-manifolds, i.e., manifolds equipped with a closed 2-form which is symplectic outside a union of embedded 1-dimensional submanifolds, and broken Lefschetz fibrations on them. We present a set of four moves which allow us to pass from any given fibration to any other broken fibration which is deformation equivalent to it. Moreover, we study the change of the near-symplectic geometry under each of these moves. The arguments rely on the introduction of a more general class of maps, which we call …
In this article, we construct a genus-$0$ or genus-$1$ positive allowable Lefschetz fibration on any minimal symplectic filling of the link of non-cyclic quotient surface singularities. As a byproduct, we also show that any minimal symplectic filling of the link of quotient surface singularities can be obtained from a sequence of rational blowdowns from its minimal resolution.
We construct a positive allowable Lefschetz fibration over the disk on any minimal weak symplectic filling of the canonical contact structure on a lens space. Using this construction we prove that any minimal symplectic filling of the canonical contact structure on a lens space is obtained by a sequence of rational blowdowns from the minimal resolution of the corresponding complex two-dimensional cyclic quotient singularity.
We show that hyperelliptic symplectic Lefschetz fibrations are symplectically birational to two-fold covers of rational ruled surfaces, branched in a symplectically embedded surface. This reduces the classification of genus 2 fibrations to the classification of certain symplectic submanifolds in rational ruled surfaces.
We construct open symplectic manifolds which are convex at infinity ("Liouville manifolds") and which are diffeomorphic, but not symplectically isomorphic, to cotangent bundles T^*S^{n+1}, for any n+1 \geq 3. These manifolds are constructed as total spaces of Lefschetz fibrations, where the fibre and all but one of the vanishing cycles are fixed. We show that almost any choice of the last vanishing cycle leads to a nonstandard symplectic structure (those choices which yield standard T^*S^{n+1} can be exactly determined). The Corrigendum changes the statement and proof of Lemma 1.1 in the origi…
We prove upper bounds for the number of critical points in semistable symplectic Lefschetz fibrations. We also obtain a new lower bound for the number of nonseparting vanishing cycles in Lefschetz pencils, and reprove the known lower bounds for the commutator lengths of Dehn twists.
In this paper we construct, in all odd complex dimensions, pairs of Liouville domains W_0 and W_1 which are diffeomorphic to the cotangent bundle of the sphere with one extra subcritical handle, but are not symplectomorphic. While W_0 is symplectically very similar to the cotangent bundle itself, W_1 is more unusual. We use Seidel's exact triangles for Floer cohomology to show that the wrapped Fukaya category of W_1 is trivial. As a corollary we obtain that W_1 contains no compact exact Lagrangian submanifolds.
We define a local Riemann-Roch number for an open symplectic manifold when a complete integrable system without Bohr-Sommerfeld fiber is provided on its end. In particular when a structure of a singular Lagrangian fibration is given on a closed symplectic manifold, its Riemann-Roch number is described as the sum of the number of nonsingular Bohr-Sommerfeld fibers and a contribution of the singular fibers. A key step of the proof is formally explained as a version of Witten's deformation applied to a Hilbert bundle.
In this paper we are interested in the isotopy classes of symplectic log Calabi-Yau divisors in a fixed symplectic rational surface. We give several equivalent definitions and prove the stability, finiteness and rigidity results. Motivated by the problem of counting toric actions, we obtain a general counting formula of symplectic log Calabi-Yau divisors in a restrictive region of $c_1$-nef cone. A detailed count in the case of 2- and 3-point blow-ups of complex projective space for all symplectic forms is also given. In our framework the complexity of the combinatorics of analyzing Delzant po…
The nth symmetric product of a Riemann surface carries a natural family of Kaehler forms, arising from its interpretation as a moduli space of abelian vortices. We give a new proof of a formula of Manton-Nasir for the cohomology classes of these forms. Further, we show how these ideas generalise to families of Riemann surfaces. These results help to clarify a conjecture of D. Salamon on the relationship between Seiberg-Witten theory on 3-manifolds fibred over the circle and symplectic Floer homology.
We prove that any symplectic 4-manifold which is not a rational or ruled surface, after sufficiently many blow-ups, admits an arbitrary number of nonisomorphic Lefschetz fibrations of the same genus which cannot be obtained from one another via Luttinger surgeries. This generalizes results of Park and Yun who constructed pairs of nonisomorphic Lefschetz fibrations on knot surgered elliptic surfaces. In turn, we prove that there are monodromy factorizations of Lefschetz pencils which have the same characteristic numbers but cannot be obtained from each other via partial conjugations by Dehn twi…
We introduce the $2$-nodal spherical deformation of certain singular fibers of genus $2$ fibrations, and use such deformations to construct various examples of simply connected minimal symplectic $4$-manifolds with small topology. More specifically, we construct new exotic minimal symplectic $4$-manifolds homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to ${\mathbb{CP}}^{2}\#6({\overline{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}})$, ${\mathbb{CP}}^{2}\#7({\overline{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}})$, and $3{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}\#k({\overline{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}})$ for $k=16, 17, 18, 19$ using combinations of such deformations, symplectic blowups, and (…
We establish a product formula for Gromov-Witten invariants for closed, connected, relatively semi-positive Hamiltonian fibrations over any symplectic base. Furthermore, we show that the fibration projection induces a locally trivial (orbi-)fibration map from the moduli space of pseudo-holomorphic maps with marked points in the total space of the Hamiltonian fibration to the corresponding moduli space of pseudo-holomorphic maps with marked points in the base. We use this induced map to recover the product formula by means of integration. Finally, we give applications to c-splitting and symplec…
We initiate a study of positive multisections of Lefschetz fibrations via positive factorizations in framed mapping class groups of surfaces. Using our methods, one can effectively capture various interesting symplectic surfaces in symplectic 4-manifolds as multisections, such as Seiberg-Witten basic classes and exceptional classes, or branched loci of compact Stein surfaces as branched coverings of the 4-ball. Various problems regarding the topology of symplectic 4-manifolds, such as the smooth classification of symplectic Calabi-Yau 4-manifolds, can be translated to combinatorial problems in…
Given a symplectic manifold $(M^{2n},ω)$ we study Lagrangian cobordisms $V\subset E$ where $E$ is the total space of a Lefschetz fibration having $M$ as generic fiber. We prove a generation result for these cobordisms in the appropriate derived Fukaya category. As a corollary, we analyze the relations among the Lagrangian submanifolds $L\subset M$ that are induced by these cobordisms. This leads to a unified treatment - and a generalization - of the two types of relations among Lagrangian submanifolds of $M$ that were previously identified in the literature: those associated to Dehn twists tha…
We develop techniques to construct explicit symplectic Lefschetz fibrations over the 2-sphere with any prescribed signature and any spin type when the signature is divisible by 16. This solves a long-standing conjecture on the existence of such fibrations with positive signature. As applications, we produce symplectic 4-manifolds that are homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to connected sums of S^2 x S^2, with the smallest topology known to date, as well as larger examples as symplectic Lefschetz fibrations.
We show that under appropriate hypotheses, a plumbing of symplectic surfaces in a symplectic 4-manifold admits strongly convex neighborhoods. Moreover the neighborhoods are Lefschetz fibered with an easily-described open book on the boundary supporting the induced contact structure. We point out some applications to cut-and-paste constructions of symplectic 4-manifolds.
We show that any 4-manifold, after surgery on a curve, admits an achiral Lefschetz fibration. In particular, we show that the connected sum of any simply connected 4-manifold with a 2-sphere bundle over the 2-sphere will admit an achiral Lefschetz fibration. We also show these surgered manifolds admit near-symplectic structures and prove more generally that achiral Lefschetz fibrations with sections have near-symplectic structures. As a corollary to our proof we obtain an alternate proof of Gompf's result on the existence of symplectic structures on Lefschetz pencils.
We analyze four-dimensional symplectic manifolds of type $X=S^1 \times M^3$ where $M^3$ is an open $3$-manifold admitting inequivalent fibrations leading to inequivalent symplectic structures on $X$. For the case where $M^3 \subset S^3$ is the complement of a $4$-component link constructed by McMullen-Taubes, we provide a general algorithm for computing the monodromy of the fibrations explicitly. We use this algorithm to show that certain inequivalent symplectic structures are distinguished by the dimensions of the primitive cohomologies of differential forms on $X$. We also calculate the prim…
Let F be a fibration on a simply-connected base with symplectic fibre (M, ω). Assume that the fibre is nilpotent and T^{2k}-separable for some integer k or a nilmanifold. Then our main theorem, Theorem 1.8, gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the cohomology class [ω] to extend to a cohomology class of the total space of F. This allows us to describe Thurston's criterion for a symplectic fibration to admit a compatible symplectic form in terms of the classifying map for the underlying fibration. The obstruction due to Lalond and McDuff for a symplectic bundle to be Hamiltonian is als…
We construct fiber-preserving anti-symplectic involutions for a large class of symplectic manifolds with Lagrangian torus fibrations. In particular, we treat the K3 surface and the quintic threefold. We interpret our results as corroboration of the view that in homological mirror symmetry, an anti-symplectic involution is the mirror of duality. In the same setting, we construct fiber-preserving symplectomorphisms that can be interpreted as the mirror to twisting by a holomorphic line bundle.
We give a method to construct singular Lagrangian 3-torus fibrations over certain a priori given integral affine manifolds with singularities, which we call simple. The main result of this article is the proof that the topological Calabi-Yau compactifications of M. Gross' "Topological Mirror Symmetry", can be made into symplectic compactifications. As an example, we obtain a pair of compact symplectic 6-manifolds together with Lagrangian fibrations whose underlying affine structures are dual. The symplectic manifolds obtained are homeomorphic to a smooth quintic Calabi-Yau 3-fold and its mirro…
Integral symplectic 4-manifolds may be described in terms of Lefschetz fibrations. In this note we give a formula for the signature of any Lefschetz fibration in terms of the second cohomology of the moduli space of stable curves. As a consequence we see that the sphere in moduli space defined by any (not necessarily holomorphic) Lefschetz fibration has positive "symplectic volume"; it evaluates positively with the Kahler class. Some other applications of the signature formula and some more general results for genus two fibrations are discussed.
We prove that any genus-2 Lefschetz fibration without reducible fibers and with ``transitive monodromy'' is holomorphic. The latter condition comprises all cases where the number of singular fibers is not congruent to 0 modulo 40. An auxiliary statement of independent interest is the holomorphicity of symplectic surfaces in S^2-bundles over S^2, of relative degree up to 7 over the base, and of symplectic surfaces in CP^2 of degree up to 17.
As was recently pointed out by McMullen and Taubes [Math. Res. Lett. 6 (1999) 681-696], there are 4-manifolds for which the diffeomorphism group does not act transitively on the deformation classes of orientation-compatible symplectic structures. This note points out some other 4-manifolds with this property which arise as the orientation-reversed versions of certain complex surfaces constructed by Kodaira [J. Analyse Math. 19 (1967) 207-215]. While this construction is arguably simpler than that of McMullen and Taubes, its simplicity comes at a price: the examples exhibited herein all have la…
