In this paper we study the nest representations of a strongly maximal TAF algebra, whose ranges contain non-zero compact operators. We introduce a particular class of such representations, the essential nest representations, and we show that their kernels coincide with the completely meet irreducible ideals. From this we deduce that there exist enough contractive nest representations, with non-zero compact operators in their range, to separate the points. Using nest representation theory, we also give a coordinate-free description of the fundamental groupoid for strongly maximal TAF algebras. For an arbitrary nest representation $ρ$ of a strongly maximal TAF algebra, we show that the presence of non-zero compact operators in the range implies that the nest is similar to a completely atomic one. If, in addition, the range of $ρ$ is norm closed, then every compact operator in the range of $ρ$ can be approximated by sums of rank one operators in the range of $ρ$. In the case of $\bbN$-ordered nest representations, we show that the range of $ρ$ contains finite rank operators iff $\ker ρ$ fails to be a prime ideal.
Let N be a nest on a Hilbert space H and AlgN the corresponding nest algebra. We obtain a characterization of the compact and weakly compact multiplication operators defined on nest algebras. This characterization leads to a description of the closed ideal generated by the compact elements of AlgN . We also show that there is no non-zero weakly compact multiplication operator on AlgN / (AlgN $\cap$ K(H)).
Every invariant linear manifold for a CSL-algebra is a closed subspace if, and only if, each non-zero projection in the projection lattice is generated by finitely many atoms. In the case of a nest, this condition is equivalent to the condition that every non-zero projection in the nest has an immediate predecessor (the nest of orthogonal complements is well ordered). The invariant linear manifolds of a nest algebra are totally ordered by inclusion if, and only if, every non-zero projection in the nest has an immediate predecessor.
Let N be a nest on a Hilbert space H and AlgN the corresponding nest algebra. We determine the hypocompact radical of AlgN . Other topological radicals are also characterized.
We give a necessary and sufficient criterion for an operator in a nest algebra to belong to a proper two-sided ideal of that algebra. Using this result, we describe the strong radical of a nest algebra, and give a general description of the maximal two-sided ideals.
Recently Blecher and Kashyap have generalized the notion of W* modules over von Neumann algebras to the setting where the operator algebras are σ- weakly closed algebras of operators on a Hilbert space. They call these modules weak* rigged modules. We characterize the weak* rigged modules over nest algebras . We prove that Y is a right weak* rigged module over a nest algebra Alg(M) if and only if there exists a completely isometric normal representation ϕof Y and a nest algebra Alg(N) such that Alg(N)ϕ(Y)Alg(M) \subset ϕ(Y) while ϕ(Y) is implemented by a continuous nest homomorphism from M ont…
We show that Ringrose's diagonal ideals are primitive ideals in a nest algebra (subject to the Continuum Hypothesis). This provides for the first time concerete descriptions of enough primitive ideals to obtain the Jacobson radical as their intersection. Separately, we provide a standard form for all left ideals of a nest algebra, which leads to insights into the maximal left ideals. In the case of atomic nest algebras we show how primitive ideals can be categorized by their behaviour on the diagonal, and provide concrete examples of all types.
The main theorem provides a characterisation of the finite rank operators lying in a norm closed Lie ideal of a continuous nest algebra. These operators are charaterised as those finite rank operators in the nest algebra satisfying a condition determined by a left order continuous homomorphism on the nest. A crucial fact used in the proof of this theorem is the decomposability of the finite rank operators. One shows that a finite rank operator in a norm closed Lie ideal of a continuous nest algebra can be written as a finite sum of rank one operators lying in the ideal.
We introduce order conserving embeddings as a more general form of order preserving embeddings between finite dimensional nest algebras. The structure of these embeddings is determined, in terms of order indecomposable decompositions, and they are shown to be determined up to inner conjugacy by their induced maps on $K_0$. Classifications of direct systems and limit algebras are obtained in terms of dimension distribution groups.
We continue the study of the rich family of norm-closed, automorphism invariant ideals of a continuous nest algebra. First we present a unified framework which captures all stable ideals as the kernels of limits of diagonal compressions. We then characterize when two such limits give rise to the same ideal, and we obtain detailed information of the structure of sums and intersections of ideals.
A nest representation of a strongly maximal TAF algebra $A$ is a representation $π$ for which $\operatorname{Lat} π(A) is totally ordered. We prove that if the spectrum of $A$ is totally ordered, or if $\operatorname{Lat} π(A)$ contains an atom, then $\operatorname{ker} π$ is a meet irreducible ideal.
Let $Alg \mathcal{N}$ be a nest algebra associated with the nest $ \mathcal{N}$ on a (real or complex) Banach space $\X$. Suppose that there exists a non-trivial idempotent $P\in Alg\mathcal{N}$ with range $P(\X) \in \mathcal{N}$ and $δ:Alg\mathcal{N} \rightarrow Alg\mathcal{N}$ is a continuous linear mapping (generalized) left derivable at $P$, i.e. $δ(ab)=aδ(b)+bδ(a)$ ($δ(ab)=aδ(b)+bδ(a)-baδ(I)$) for any $a,b\in Alg\mathcal{N}$ with $ab=P$. we show that $δ$ is a (generalized) Jordan left derivation. Moreover, we characterize the strongly operator topology continuous linear maps $δ$ on some n…
Let $\mathcal{A}$ be an operator algebra on a Hilbert space. We say that an element $G\in {\mathcal{A}}$ is an all-derivable point of ${\mathcal{A}}$ if every derivable linear mapping $ϕ$ at $G$ (i.e. $ϕ(ST)=ϕ(S)T+Sϕ(T)$ for any $S,T\in alg{\mathcal{N}}$ with $ST=G$) is a derivation. Suppose that $\mathcal{N}$ is a nontrivial complete nest on a Hilbert space $H$. We show in this paper that $G\in {alg\mathcal{N}}$ is an all-derivable point if and only if $G\neq0$.
Let N_1 (resp.N_2) be a nest A (resp. B) be the corresponding nest algebra, A_0 (resp. B_0) be the subalgebra of compact operators. We prove that the nests N_1, N_2 are isomorphic if and only if the algebras A, B are weakly-* Morita equivalent if and only if the algebras A_0, B_0 are strongly Morita equivalent. We characterize the nest isomorphisms which implement stable isomorphism between the corresponding nest algebras.
Let $\mathcal{T}(\mathcal{N})$ be a nest algebra of operators on Hilbert space and let $\mathcal{L}$ be a weakly closed Lie $\mathcal{T}(\mathcal{N})$-module. We construct explicitly the largest possible weakly closed $\mathcal{T}(\mathcal{N})$-bimodule $\mathcal{J}(\mathcal{L})$ and a weakly closed $\mathcal{T}(\mathcal{N})$-bimodule $\mathcal{K}(\mathcal{L})$ such that \[ \mathcal{J}(\mathcal{L})\subseteq \mathcal{L} \subseteq \mathcal{K}(\mathcal{L}) +\mathcal{D}_{\mathcal{K}(\mathcal{L})}, \] $[\mathcal{K}(\mathcal{L}), \mathcal{T}(\mathcal{N})]\subseteq \mathcal{L}$ and $\mathcal{D}_{\mat…
We extend to Banach space nest algebras the theory of essential supports and support function pairs of their bimodules, thereby obtaining Banach space counterparts of long established results for Hilbert space nest algebras. Namely, given a Banach space nest algebra $\mathcal A$, we charaterise the maximal and the minimal $\mathcal A$-bimodules having a given essential support function or support function pair. These characterisations are complete except for the minimal $\mathcal A$-bimodule corresponding to a support function pair, in which case we make some headway. We also show that the wea…
We examine the properties of algebras of linear transformations that leave invariant all subspaces in a totally ordered lattice of subspaces of an arbitrary vector space. We compare our results with those that apply for the corresponding algebras of bounded operators that act on a Hilbert space.
Suppose that $X$ is a (real or complex) Banach space, $dimX \geq 2$, and $\mathcal{N}$ is a nest on $X$, with each $N$ in $\mathcal{N}$ is complemented in $X$ whenever $N_{-}=N$. A ternary derivation of $Alg\mathcal{N}$ is a triple of linear maps $(γ, δ, τ)$ of $Alg\mathcal{N}$ such that $γ(AB)=δ(A)B +Aτ(B)$ for all $A,B \in Alg\mathcal{N}$. We show that for linear maps $δ$, $τ$ on $Alg\mathcal{N}$ there exists a unique linear map $γ$ from $Alg\mathcal{N}$ into $Alg\mathcal{N}$ defined by $γ(A)=RA+AT$ for some $R$, $T$ in $Alg\mathcal{N}$ such that $(γ, δ, τ)$ is a ternary derivation of $Alg\m…
Let $\mathcal{N}$ be a non-trivial and complete nest on a Hilbert space $H$. Suppose $d=\{d_n: n\in N\}$ is a group of linear mappings from Alg$\mathcal{N}$ into itself. We say that $d=\{d_n: n\in N\}$ is a Jordan higher derivable mapping at a given point $G$ if $d_{n}(ST+ST)=\sum\limits_{i+j=n}\{d_{i}(S)d_{j}(T)+d_{j}(T)d_{i}(S)\}$ for any $S,T\in Alg \mathcal{N}$ with $ST=G$. An element $G\in Alg \mathcal{N}$ is called a Jordan higher all-derivable point if every Jordan higher derivable mapping at $G$ is a higher derivation. In this paper, we mainly prove that any given point $G$ of Alg$\mat…
We establish a general result about extending a right invertible row over a Banach algebra to an invertible matrix. This is applied to the computation of right topological stable rank of a split exact sequence. We also introduce a quantitative measure of stable rank. These results are applied to compute the right (left) topological stable rank for all nest algebras. This value is either 2 or infinity, and rtsr(T(N)) = 2 occurs only when N is of ordinal type less than omega^2 and the dimensions of the atoms grows sufficiently quickly. We introduce general results on `partial matrix algebras' ov…
This paper is a comprehensive study of the nest representations for the free semigroupoid algebra $\flgee$ of countable directed graph $G$ as well as its norm-closed counterpart, the tensor algebra $\T^{+}(G)$. We prove that the finite dimensional nest representations separate the points in $\flgee$, and a fortiori, in $\T^{+}(G)$. The irreducible finite dimensional representations separate the points in $\flgee$ if and only if $G$ is transitive in components (which is equivalent to being semisimple). Also the upper triangular nest representations separate points if and only if for every verte…
We show that the family of nest algebras with $r$ non-zero nest projections is stable, in the sense that an approximate containment of one such algebra within another is close to an exact containment. We use this result to give a local characterisation of limits formed from this family. We then consider quite general regular limit algebras and characterise these algebras using a local condition which reflects the assumed regularity of the system.
We provide a negative solution to a question of M. Rieffel who asked if the right and left topological stable ranks of a Banach algebra must always agree. Our example is found amongst a class of nest algebras. We show that for many other nest algebras, both the left and right topological stable ranks are infinite. We extend this latter result to Popescu's non-commutative disc algebras and to free semigroup algebras as well.
Let ${\mathcal N}$ be a nest on a complex Banach space $X$ and let $\mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ be the associated nest algebra. We say that an operator $Z\in \mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ is an all-derivable point of $\mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ if every linear map $δ$ from $\mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ into itself derivable at $Z$ (i.e. $δ$ satisfies $δ(A)B+Aδ(B)=δ(Z)$ for any $A,B \in \mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ with $AB=Z$) is a derivation. In this paper, it is shown that every injective operator and every operator with dense range in $\mbox{Alg}{\mathcal N}$ are all-derivable points of $\mbox{Alg}{\mathcal …
Let $α$ be a flow on a Banach algebra $\mathfrak{B}$, and $t\longmapsto u_t$ a continuous function on $\mathbb{R}$ into the group of invertible elements of $\mathfrak{B}$ such that $u_sα_s(u_t )=u_{s+t}, s, t \in \mathbb{R}$. Then $β_t=$Ad$u_t\circα_t, t\in \mathbb{R}$ is also a flow on $\mathfrak{B}$. $β$ is said to be a cocycle perturbation of $α$. We show that if $α,β$ are two flows on nest algebra (or quasi-triangular algebra), then $β$ is a cocycle perturbation of $α$. And the flows on nest algebra (or quasi-triangular algebra) are all uniformly continuous.
Let $\mathcal A$ be a Banach algebra for which the group of invertible elements is connected. A subspace $\mathcal L \subseteq \mathcal A$ is a Lie ideal in $\mathcal A$ if, and only if, it is invariant under inner automorphisms. This applies, in particular, to any canonical subalgebra of an AF \ensuremath{\text{C}^{*}}-algebra. The same theorem is also proven for strongly closed subspaces of a totally atomic nest algebra whose atoms are ordered as a subset of the integers and for CSL subalgebras of such nest algebras. We also give a detailed description of the structure of a Lie ideal in any …
Let ${\mathcal N}$ and ${\mathcal M}$ be nests on Banach spaces $X$ and $Y$ over the (real or complex) field $\mathbb F$ and let $\mbox{\rm Alg}{\mathcal N}$ and $\mbox{\rm Alg}{\mathcal M}$ be the associated nest algebras, respectively. It is shown that a map $Φ:{\rm Alg}{\mathcal N}\rightarrow{\rm Alg}{\mathcal M}$ is a Lie ring isomorphism (i.e., $Φ$ is additive, Lie multiplicative and bijective) if and only if $Φ$ has the form $Φ(A) = TAT^{-1} + h(A)I$ for all $A\in \mbox{\rm Alg}{\mathcal N}$ or $Φ(A)=-TA^*T^{-1}+h(A)I$ for all $A\in \mbox{\rm Alg}{\mathcal N}$, where $h$ is an additive f…
In this paper we give a criterion for an ideal of a TAF algebra to be meet irreducible. We show that an ideal $J$ of $A$ is meet irreducile if and only if the C$^*$-envelope of the quotient $A/J$ is primitive. In that case, A/J admits a nest representation which extends to a *-representation of the C$^*$-envelope for $A/J.$ We also characterize the meet irreducible ideals as the kernels of nest representations; this settles the question of whether the n-primitive and meet irreducible ideals coincide.
Suppose that $\mathscr{A}$ is an operator algebra on a Hilbert space $H$. An element $V$ in $\mathscr{A}$ is called an all-derivable point of $\mathscr{A}$ for the strong operator topology if every strong operator topology continuous derivable mapping $ϕ$ at $V$ is a derivation. Let $\mathscr{N}$ be a complete nest on a complex and separable Hilbert space $H$. Suppose that $M$ belongs to $\mathscr{N}$ with $\{0\}\neq M\neq\ H$ and write $\hat{M}$ for $M$ or $M^{\bot}$. Our main result is: for any $Ω\in alg\mathscr{N}$ with $Ω=P(\hat{M})ΩP(\hat{M})$, if $Ω|_{\hat{M}}$ is invertible in $alg\math…
Let $X$ be compact Hausdorff, and $ϕ: X \to X$ a continuous surjection. Let $\mathcal{A}$ be the semicrossed product algebra corresponding to the relation $fU = Uf\circ ϕ$. Then the C$^*$-envelope of $\mathcal{A}$ is the crossed product of a commutative C$^*$-algebra which contains $C(X)$ as a subalgebra, with respect to a homeomorphism which we construct. We also show there are``sufficiently many'' nest representations.
Let $X$ be compact Hausdorff, and $ϕ: X \to X$ a continuous surjection. Let $\mathcal{A}$ be the semicrossed product algebra corresponding to the relation fU = Uf\circ ϕ$ or to the relation $Uf = f\circ ϕU.$ Then the C$^*$-envelope of $\mathcal{A}$ is the crossed product of a commutative C$^*$-algebra which contains $C(X)$ as a subalgebra, with respect to a homeomorphism which we construct. We also show there are"sufficiently many" nest representations.
In this paper, we characterize Jordan derivable mappings in terms of Peirce decomposition and determine Jordan all-derivable points for some general bimodules. Then we generalize the results to the case of Jordan higher derivable mappings. An immediate application of our main results shows that for a nest $\mathcal{N}$ on a Banach $X$ with the associated nest algebra $alg\mathcal{N}$, if there exists a non-trivial element in $\mathcal{N}$ which is complemented in $X$, then every $C\in alg\mathcal{N}$ is a Jordan all-derivable point of $L(alg\mathcal{N}, B(X))$ and a Jordan higher all-derivable…
A set of meet-irreducible ideals is described for a class of maximal triangular almost finite algebras. This set forms a topological space under the hull-kernel closure, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between closed sets in this space and ideals in the AF algebra. Some connections with nest representations and nest-primitive ideals are also described.
The generalized state space $ S_{\mathcal{H}}(\mathcal{\mathcal{A}})$ of all unital completely positive (UCP) maps on a unital $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal{A}$ taking values in the algebra $\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H})$ of all bounded operators on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$, is a $C^\ast$-convex set. In this paper, we establish a connection between $C^\ast$-extreme points of $S_{\mathcal{H}}(\mathcal{A})$ and a factorization property of certain algebras associated to the UCP map. In particular, this factorization property of some nest algebras is used to give a complete characterization of those $C^…
Kadison's transitivity theorem implies that, for irreducible representations of C*-algebras, every invariant linear manifold is closed. It is known that CSL algebras have this propery if, and only if, the lattice is hyperatomic (every projection is generated by a finite number of atoms). We show several other conditions are equivalent, including the conditon that every invariant linear manifold is singly generated. We show that two families of norm closed operator algebras have this property. First, let L be a CSL and suppose A is a norm closed algebra which is weakly dense in Alg L and is a b…
Let $\mathcal{X}$ be a Banach space over the complex field $\mathbb{C}$ and $\mathcal{B(X)}$ be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on $\mathcal{X}$. Let $\mathcal{N}$ be a non-trivial nest on $\mathcal{X}$, ${\rm Alg}\mathcal{N}$ be the nest algebra associated with $\mathcal{N}$, and $L\colon {\rm Alg}\mathcal{N}\longrightarrow \mathcal{B(X)}$ be a linear mapping. Suppose that $p_n(x_1,x_2,\cdots,x_n)$ is an $(n-1)$-th commutator defined by $n$ indeterminates $x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n$. It is shown that $L$ satisfies the rule $$ L(p_n(A_1, A_2, \cdots, A_n))=\sum_{k=1}^{n}p_n(A_1, \cdots…
A subalgebra $\mathcal{A}$ of a $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal{M}$ is logmodular (resp. has factorization) if the set $\{a^*a; a\text{ is invertible with }a,a^{-1}\in\mathcal{A}\}$ is dense in (resp. equal to) the set of all positive and invertible elements of $\mathcal{M}$. There are large classes of well studied algebras, both in commutative and non-commutative settings, which are known to be logmodular. In this paper, we show that the lattice of projections in a von Neumann algebra $\mathcal{M}$ whose ranges are invariant under a logmodular algebra in $\mathcal{M}$, is a commutative subspace latti…
Connections between partial dynamcial systems, a generalized notion of partial dynamical systems defined by nested sequences of partial homeomorphisms, and triangular AF algebras which admit an integer-valued cocycle are established.
A new C*-enlargement of a C*-algebra $A$ nested between the local multiplier algebra $M_{\text{loc}}(A)$ of $A$ and its injective envelope $I(A)$ is introduced. Various aspects of this maximal C*-algebra of quotients, $Q_{\text{max}}(A)$, are studied, notably in the setting of AW*-algebras. As a by-product we obtain a new example of a type I C*-algebra $A$ such that $M_{\text{loc}}(M_{\text{loc}}(A))\ne M_{\text{loc}}(A)$.
