We prove that in characteristic zero the multiplication of sections of dominant line bundles on a complete symmetric variety $X=\bar{G/H}$ is a surjective map. As a consequence the cone defined by a complete linear system over $X$, or over a closed $G$ stable subvariety of $X$ is normal. This gives an affirmative answer to a question raised by Faltings. A crucial point of the proof is a combinatorial property of root systems.
We determine which nilpotent orbits in $E_6$ have normal closure and which do not. We also verify a conjecture about small representations in rings of functions on nilpotent orbit covers for type $E_6$.
For the classical groups, Kraft and Procesi have resolved the question of which nilpotent orbits have closures which are normal and which are not, with the exception of the very even orbits in $D_{2l}$ which have partition of the form $(a^{2k}, b^2)$ for $a, b$ distinct even natural numbers with $a k + b = 2 l$. In this article, we show that these orbits do have normal closure.
If $G$ is a complex simply connected semisimple algebraic group and if $λ$ is a dominant weight, we consider the compactification $X_λ$ in the projectivisation of $\End(V(λ))$ obtained as the closure of the $G\times G$-orbit of the identity and we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the support of $λ$ so that $X_λ$ is normal; as well, we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the support of $λ$ so that $X_λ$ is smooth.
We reduce the problem of the projective normality of polarized abelian varieties to check the rank of very explicit matrices. This allow us to prove some results on normal generation of primitive line bundles on abelian threefolds and fourfolds. We also give two situations where the projective normality always fails. Finally we make some conjecture.
We study the geometry of equicharacteristic partial affine flag varieties associated to tamely ramified groups $G$ in characteristics $p>0$ dividing the order of the fundamental group $π_1(G_{\text{der}})$. We obtain that most Schubert varieties are not normal and provide an explicit criterion for when this happens. Apart from this, we show, on the one hand, that loop groups of semisimple groups satisfying $p \mid \lvert π_1(G_{\text{der}})\rvert$ are not reduced, and on the other hand, that their integral realizations are ind-flat. Our methods allow us to classify all tamely ramified Pappas-Z…
We study the projective normality of a linearly normal special scroll R of degree d and speciality i over a smooth curve of genus g. If d>=4g-2i+1, we prove that the projective normality of the scroll is equivalent to the projective normality of its directrix curve of minimum degree.
In this note, we prove that for the standard representation $V$of the Weyl group $W$ of a semi-simple algebraic group of type $A_n, B_n, C_n, D_n, F_4$ and $G_2$ over $\mathbb C$, the projective variety $\mathbb P(V^m)/W$ is projectively normal with respect to the descent of $\mathcal O(1)^{\otimes |W|}$, where $V^m$ denote the direct sum of $m$ copies of $V$. We also prove that for any finite group $G$ and for any finite dimentional representation $V$ over $\mathbb C$, the projective variety $P(V)/G$ is projectively normal with respect to the descent of $\mathcal O(1)^{\otimes n!}$ as a conse…
In this article we prove new results on projective normality and normal presentation of adjunction bundle associated to an ample and globally generated line bundle on higher dimensional smooth projective varieties with nef canonical bundle. As one of the consequences of the main theorem, we give bounds on very ampleness and projective normality of pluricanonical linear systems on varieties of general type in dimensions three, four and five. These improve known such results.
Regular nilpotent Hessenberg varieties form an important family of subvarieties of the flag variety, which are often singular and sometimes not normal varieties. Like Schubert varieties, they contain distinguished points called permutation flags. In this paper, we give a combinatorial characterization for a permutation flag of a regular nilpotent Hessenberg variety to be a singular point. We also apply this result to characterize regular nilpotent Hessenberg varieties which are normal algebraic varieties.
We prove that the multiplication of sections of globally generated line bundles on a model wonderful variety M of simply connected type is always surjective. This follows by a general argument which works for every wonderful variety and reduces the study of the surjectivity for every couple of globally generated line bundles to a finite number of cases. As a consequence, the cone defined by a complete linear system over M or over a closed G-stable subvariety of M is normal. We apply these results to the study of the normality of the compactifications of model varieties in simple projective spa…
We prove that special ample line bundles on toric varieties arising from root systems are projectively normal. Here the maximal cones of the fans correspond to the Weyl chambers, and special means that the bundle is torus-equivariant such that the character of the line bundle that corresponds to a maximal Weyl chamber is dominant with respect to that chamber. Moreover, we prove that the associated semigroup rings are quadratic.
We study the projective normality of a linearly normal special scroll R of degree d and speciality i over a smooth curve X of genus g. We relate it with the Clifford index of the base curve X. If d>=4g-2i-Cliff(X)+1, i>=3 and R is smooth, we prove that the projective normality of the scroll is equivalent to the projective normality of its directrix curve of minimum degree.
We show that an abelian surface embedded in P^N by a very ample line bundle L of type (1,2d) is projectively normal if and only if d>=4. This completes the study of the projective normality of abelian surfaces embedded by complete linear systems.
Linear degenerate flag varieties are degenerations of flag varieties as quiver Grassmannians. For type A flag varieties, we obtain characterizations of flatness, irreducibility and normality of these degenerations via rank tuples. Some of them are shown to be isomorphic to Schubert varieties and can be realized as highest weight orbits of partially degenerate Lie algebras, generalizing the corresponding results on degenerate flag varieties. To study normality, cell decompositions of quiver Grassmannians are constructed in a wider context of equioriented quivers of type A.
We give a bound of $k$ for a very ample lattice polytope to be $k$-normal. Equivalently, we give a new combinatorial bound for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of normal projective toric varieties.
In this paper we study the projective normality of certain Artin-Schreier curves $Y_f$ defined over a field $\F$ of characteristic $p$ by the equations $y^q+y=f(x)$, $q$ being a power of $p$ and $f\in \F[x]$ being a polynomial in $x$ of degree $m$, with $(m,p)=1$. Many $Y_f$ curves are singular and so, to be precise, here we study the projective normality of appropriate projective models of their normalizations.
In this paper, we show that the secant variety to a smooth projective variety embedded by a sufficiently positive line bundle is normal. As an application, we deduce that the secant variety to a general canonical curve of genus at least 7 is normal.
We prove some results on effective very ampleness and projective normality for some varieties with trivial canonical bundle. In the first part we prove an effective projective normality result for an ample line bundle on regular smooth four-folds with trivial canonical bundle. More precisely we show that for a regular smooth fourfold with trivial canonical bundle, $A^{\otimes 15}$ is projectively normal for $A$ ample. In the second part we emphasize on the projective normality of multiples of ample and globally generated line bundles on certain classes of known examples (upto deformation) of p…
In order to find useful information to complete the classification of Enriques-Fano threefolds, we will computationally study the singularities of some known Enriques-Fano threefolds of genus 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 and 17. We will also deduce the projective normality of these threefolds.
We show that if an ample line bundle L on a nonsingular toric 3-fold satisfies h^0(L+2K)=0, then L is normally generated. As an application, we show that the anti-canonical divisor on a nonsingular toric Fano 4-fold is normally generated.
In this article, we show that very ample line bundles of type (1,1,d) on an abelian threefold A, with NS(A)\simeq \ze, give projectively normal embeddings, if d=22,26 or when d\geq 28.
For a smooth projective variety $X\subset ¶^r$ embedded by the complete linear system, Property $N_p$ has been studied for a long time. On the other hand, Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity conjecture and related problems have been focused for a projective variety which is not necessarily linearly normal. This paper aims to explain the influence of Property $N_p$ on higher normality and defining equations of a smooth variety embedded by sub-linear system. Also we prove a claim about Property $N_p$ of surface scrolls which is a generalization of Green's work in \cite{Green} about Property $N_p$ for…
We give necessary and sufficient criteria for a smooth Enriques surface S in P^r to be scheme-theoretically an intersection of quadrics. Moreover we prove in many cases that, when S contains plane cubic curves, the intersection of the quadrics containing S is the union of S and the 2-planes spanned by the plane cubic curves. We also give a new (very quick) proof of the projective normality of S if the degree of S is at least 12.
In this note, we prove that for any finite dimensional vector space $V$ over an algebraically closed field $k$, and for any finite subgroup $G$ of $GL(V)$ which is either solvable or is generated by pseudo reflections such that the $|G|$ is a unit in $k$, the projective variety $\mathbb P(V)/G$ is projectively normal with respect to the descent of $\mathcal O(1)^{\otimes |G|}$.
We study the projective behavior, mainly with respect to osculating spaces and secant varieties, of Lagrangian Grassmannians and Spinor varieties. We prove that these varieties have osculating dimension smaller than expected. Furthermore, we give numerical conditions ensuring the non secant defectivity of Lagrangian Grassmannians in their Plücker embedding and of Spinor varieties in both their Plücker and Spinor embeddings.
For a polarized abelian variety $(X,L)$, Z. Jiang and G. Pareschi introduce an invariant $β(X,L)$, called the basepoint-freeness threshold. Using this invariant, we show that a general polarized abelian variety $(X,L)$ of dimension $g$ is projectively normal if $χ(L) \geq 2^{2g-1}$ and the type of $L$ is not $(2,4,\dots,4)$. This bound is sharp since it is known that any polarized abelian variety of type $(2,4,\dots,4)$ is not projectively normal. We also give an application of $β(X,L)$ to the Infinitesimal Torelli Theorem for $Y \in |L|$.
Ran proved that smooth codimension 2 varieties in ${\bf P}^{m+2}$ are $j$-normal if $(j+1)(3j-1)\le m-1$, in this paper we extend this result to small codimension projective varieties. Let $X$ be a r codimension subvariety of $\pro$, we prove that if the set $Σ_{(j+1)}$ of $(j+1)$-secants to $X$ through a generic external point is not empty, $2(r+1)j\leq m-r$ and $(j+1)((r+1)j-1)\leq m-1$ then $X$ is $j$-normal. If $X$ is given by the zero locus of a section of a rank $r$ vector bundle $E$ on $\pro$, we prove that $\textrm{deg} Σ_{j+1}=\frac{1}{(j+1)!}\prod_{i=0}^{j}c_{r}(E(-i))$. Moreover we …
In this note, we prove that for any finite dimensional vector space $V$ over $\mathbb {C}$, and for a finite cyclic group $G$, the projective variety $\mathbb P(V)/G$ is projectively normal with respect to the descent of $\mathcal O(1)^{\otimes |G|}$ by a method using toric variety, and deduce the EGZ theorem as a consequence.
We begin with a short exposition of the theory of lattice varieties. This includes a description of their orbit structure and smooth locus. We construct a flat cover of the lattice variety and show that it is a complete intersection. We show that the lattice variety is locally a complete intersection and nonsingular in codimension one and hence normal. We then prove a comparison theorem showing that this theory becomes parallel to the function field case if linear algebra is replaced by $p$-linear algebra. We then compute the Lie algebra of the special linear group over the truncated Witt vect…
We show that a general $n$-dimensional polarized abelian variety $(A,L)$ of a given polarization type and satisfying $ h^0(A, L) \geq \dfrac{8^n}{2} \cdot \dfrac{n^n}{n !}$ is projectively normal. In the process, we also obtain a sharp lower bound for the volume of a purely one-dimensional complex analytic subvariety in a geodesic tubular neighborhood of a subtorus of a compact complex torus.
We study the projective normality of a minimal surface $X$ which is a ramified double covering over a rational surface $S$ with $\dim|-K_S|\ge 1$. In particular Horikawa surfaces, the minimal surfaces of general type with $K^2_X=2p_g(X)-4$, are of this type, up to resolution of singularities. Let $π$ be the covering map from $X$ to $S$. We show that the $\mathbb{Z}_2$-invariant adjoint divisors $K_X+rπ^*A$ are normally generated, where the integer $r\ge 3$ and $A$ is an ample divisor on $S$.
Recall that a smooth complex projective curve has a very ample canonical bundle when it is non-hyperelliptic, and according to a theorem of M. Noether the resulting embedding is projectively normal. A theorem of Petri further asserts that the homogeneous ideal is generated by quadrics if the curve is neither trigonal nor a smooth plane quintic. In this note, we prove an analogue of Noether's theorem for the symmetric square of the curve - namely, the canonical bundle of the symmetric square determines a projectively normal embedding exactly when the curve itself is neither hyperelliptic, trigo…
In a previous paper we have classified the smooth projective symmetric G-varieties with Picard number one (and G semisimple). In this work we give a geometrical description of such varieties. In particular, we determine their group of automorphisms. When this group, Aut(X), acts non-transitively on X, we describe a G-equivariant embedding of the variety X in a homogeneous variety (with respect to a larger group).
We introduce a new method for expanding an abelian category and study it using recollements. In particular, we give a criterion for the existence of cotilting objects. We show, using techniques from noncommutative algebraic geometry, that our construction encompasses the category of coherent sheaves on Geigle-Lenzing weighted projective lines. We apply our construction to some concrete examples and obtain new weighted projective varieties and analyse the endomorphism algebras of their tilting bundles.
We present equivalences between certain categories of vector bundles on projective varieties, namely cokernel bundles, Steiner bundles, syzygy bundles, and monads, and full subcategories of representations of certain quivers. As an application, we provide decomposability criteria for such bundles.
We classify the smooth projective symmetric G-varieties with Picard number one (and G semisimple). Moreover we prove a criterion for the smoothness of the simple (normal) symmetric varieties whose closed orbit is complete. In particular we prove that, given a such variety X which is not exceptional, then X is smooth if and only if an appropriate toric variety contained in X is smooth.
We investigate the projective normality of smooth, linearly normal surfaces of degree 9. All non projectively normal surfaces which are not scrolls over a curve are classified. Results on the projective normality of surface scrolls are also given. One of the reasons that brought us to look at this question is our desire to find examples for a long standing problem in adjunction theory. Andreatta followed by a generalization by Ein and Lazarsfeld posed the problem of classifying smooth n-dimensional varieties (X,L) polarized with a very ample line bundle L, such that the adjoint linear system |…
Let $L$ be a very ample line bundle on a smooth curve $C$ of genus $g$ with $\frac{3g+3}{2}<°L\le 2g-5$. Then $L$ is normally generated if $°L>\max\{2g+2-4h^1(C,L), 2g-\frac{g-1}{6}-2h^1(C,L)\}$. Let $C$ be a triple covering of genus $p$ curve $C'$ with $C\stackrelϕ\to C'$ and $D$ a divisor on $C'$ with $4p<°D< \frac{g-1}{6}-2p$. Then $K_C(-ϕ^*D)$ becomes a very ample line bundle which is normally generated. As an application, we characterize some smooth projective surfaces.
We show various properties of smooth projective D-affine varieties. In particular, any smooth projective D-affine variety is algebraically simply connected and its image under a fibration is D-affine. In characteristic zero such D-affine varieties are also uniruled. We also show that (apart from a few small characteristics) a smooth projective surface is D-affine if and only if it is isomorphic to either ${\mathbb P}^2$ or ${\mathbb P}^1\times {\mathbb P}^1$. In positive characteristic, a basic tool in the proof is a new generalization of Miyaoka's generic semipositivity theorem.
Let $S$ be a rational surface with $\dim|-K_S|\ge 1$ and let $π: X\rightarrow S$ be a ramified cyclic covering from a nonruled smooth surface $X$. We show that for any integer $k\ge 3$ and ample divisor $A$ on $S$, the adjoint divisor $K_X+kπ^*A$ is very ample and normally generated. Similar result holds for minimal (possibly singular) coverings.
A long standing conjecture, known to us as the Eisenbud Goto conjecture, states that an n-dimensional variety embedded with degree $d$ in the $N$- dimensional projective space is $(d-(N-n)+1)$-regular in the sense of Castelnuovo-Mumford. In this work the conjecture is proved for all smooth varieties $X$ embedded by the complete linear system associated with a very ample line bundle $L$ such that $Δ(X,L) \le 5$ where $Δ(X,L) = \dim{X} + °{X} -h^0(L).$ As a by-product of the proof of the above result the projective normality of a class of surfaces of degree nine in $\Pin{5}$ which was left as an…
For a smooth curve of genus $g$ embedded by a line bundle of degree at least $2g+3$ we show that the ideal sheaf of the secant variety is 5-regular. This bound is sharp with respect to both the degree of the embedding and the bound on the regularity. Further, we show that the secant variety is projectively normal for the generic embedding of degree at least $2g+3$. We also give a conjectural description of the resolutions of the ideals of higher secant varieties.
Let $(X, A)$ be a nonsingular polarized toric 3-fold. We show that if the adjoint bundle of $A$ has no glabal section, then all ample line bundles on $X$ are normally generated. Even if the adjoint bundle is effective, if it is not big, then it is shown the normal generation. In particular, we show that all ample line bundles on a nonsingular toric Fano 3-fold are normally generated.
Euler-symmetric projective varieties are nondegenerate projective varieties admitting many C*-actions of Euler type. They are quasi-homogeneous and uniquely determined by their fundamental forms at a general point. We show that Euler-symmetric projective varieties can be classified by symbol systems, a class of algebraic objects modeled on the systems of fundamental forms at general points of projective varieties. We study relations between the algebraic properties of symbol systems and the geometric properties of Euler-symmetric projective varieties. We describe also the relation between Eule…
