Orin Chein, Michael K. Kinyon, Andrew Rajah, Petr Vojtechovsky
Let $\cF$ be a family of finite loops closed under subloops and factor loops. Then every loop in $\cF$ has the strong Lagrange property if and only if every simple loop in $\cF$ has the weak Lagrange property. We exhibit several such families, and indicate how the Lagrange property enters into the problem of existence of finite simple loops.
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In this paper, we prove a version of Lagrange's theorem for gyrogroups and use this result to prove that gyrogroups of particular orders have the strong Cauchy property.
We continue the work by Aschbacher, Kinyon and Phillips [AKP] as well as of Glauberman [Glaub1,2] by describing the structure of the finite Bruck loops. We show essentially that a finite Bruck loop $X$ is the direct product of a Bruck loop of odd order with either a soluble Bruck loop of 2-power order or a product of loops related to the groups $PSL_2(q)$, $q= 9$ or $q \geq 5$ a Fermat prime. The latter possibillity does occur as is shown in [Nag1, BS]. As corollaries we obtain versions of Sylow's, Lagrange's and Hall's Theorems for loops.
We introduce the "loop shortening property" and the "basepoint loop shortening property" for finitely generated groups, and examine their relation to quadratic isoperimetric functions and almost convexity.
We define a variety of loops called semiautomorphic, inverse property loops that generalize Moufang and Steiner loops. We first show an equivalence between a previously studied variety of loops. Next we extend several known results for Moufang and Steiner loops. That is, the commutant is a subloop and if $a$ is in the commutant, then $a^{2}$ is a Moufang element, $a^{3}$ is a $c$-element and $a^{6}$ is in the center. Finally, we give two constructions for semiautomorphic inverse property loops based on Chein's and de Barros and Juriaans' doubling constructions.
We investigate Moufang loops which can be written as the semidirect product of a loop and a group. We also examine a particular class of loop extensions which arise as a result of a finite cyclic group acting as a group of semiautomorphisms on an inverse property loop. A question posed by Gagola III related to such extensions is partially answered, and we give several examples which illustrate that, in general, these extensions are not well-behaved.
Two distinct isotopy-isomorphy conditions, different from those of J. M. Osborn and Wilson's condition, for a weak inverse property loop(WIPL) are shown. Only one of them characterizes isotopy-isomorphy in WIPLs while the other is just a sufficient condition for isotopy-isomorphy. Under the sufficient condition called the ${\cal T}$ condition, Artzy's result that isotopic cross inverse property loops(CIPL) are isomorphic is proved for WIP loops.
We prove that the class of all loops with the inverse property (IP loops) has the Finite Embedding Property (FEP). As a consequence, every group is locally embeddable into finite IP loops.
We show that the groups of finite energy loops and paths (that is, those of Sobolev class $H^1$) with values in a compact connected Lie group, as well as their central extensions, satisfy an amenability-like property: they admit a left-invariant mean on the space of bounded functions uniformly continuous with regard to a left-invariant metric. Every strongly continuous unitary representation $π$ of such a group (which we call skew-amenable) has a conjugation-invariant state on $B({\mathcal H}_π)$.
Loops with universal and semi-universal flexibility
本文研究泛灵活与半泛灵活幺拟群，证明泛灵活逆性质幺拟群为 Moufang 幺拟群、半泛灵活逆性质幺拟群双结合，并探讨其与中 Bol 幺拟群的关系。
We show that in a weak commutative inverse property loop, such as a Bruck loop, if $α$ is a right [left] pseudoautomorphism with companion $c$, then $c$ [$c^2$] must lie in the left nucleus. In particular, for any such loop with trivial left nucleus, every right pseudoautomorphism is an automorphism and if the squaring map is a permutation, then every left pseudoautomorphism is an automorphism as well. We also show that every pseudoautomorphism of a commutative inverse property loop is an automorphism, generalizing a well-known result of Bruck.
Our paper deals with the investigation of extensions of commutative groups by loops so that the quasigroups that result in the multiplication between cosets of the kernel subgroup are T-quasigroups. We limit our study to extensions in which the quasigroups determining the multiplication are linear functions without constant term, called linear abelian extensions. We characterize constructively such extensions with left-, right-, or inverse properties using a general construction according to an equivariant group action principle. We show that the obtained constructions can be simplified for or…
In this study, by establishing an identity for universal Osborn loops, two other identities(of degrees 4 and 6) are deduced from it and they are recognized and recommended for cryptography in a similar spirit in which the cross inverse property(of degree 2) has been used by Keedwell following the fact that it was observed that universal Osborn loops that do not have the 3-power associative property or weaker forms of; inverse property, power associativity and diassociativity to mention a few, will have cycles(even long ones). These identities are found to be cryptographic in nature for univers…
$D$-loops are loops with the antiautomorphic inverse property. The class of such loops is larger than the class of IP-loops. The smallest $D$-loops which is not an IP-loop has six elements. We prove several basic properties of such loops and present methods of constructions of $D$-loops from IP-loops. Unfortunately, a loop isotopic to a $D$-loop may not be a $D$-loop.
Non-associative finite invertible loops (NAFIL) are loops whose every element has a unique two-sided inverse. Not much is known about the class of NAFIL loops which includes the familiar IP (Inverse Property), Moufang, and Bol loops. Our studies have shown that they are involved in such diverse fields as combinatorics, finite geometries, quasigroups and related systems, Cayley algebras, as well as in theoretical physics. This paper presents and introductions to the class of NAFIL loops as the starting point for the development of the theory of these interesting structures.
We investigate the structure of an alternative finite dimensional $\Q$-algebra $\mathfrak{A}$ subject to the condition that for a $\Z$-order $Γ\subset \mathfrak{A}$, and thus for every $\Z$-order of $\mathfrak{A}$, the loop of units of $\U (Γ)$ does not contain a free abelian subgroup of rank two. In particular, we prove that the radical of such an algebra associates with the whole algebra. We also classify $RA$-loops $L$ for which $\mathbb{Z}L$ has this property. The classification for group rings is still an open problem.
The Zorn's Algebra ZZ(R) has a multiplicative function called determinant with properties similar to the usual one. The set of elements in ZZ(R) with determinant 1 is a Moufang loop that we will denote by \GA. In our main result we prove that if R is a Dedekind algebraic number domain that contains an infinite order unit, each finite index subloop L, such that \GA has the weak Lagrange property relative to L, is congruence subloop. In addition, if R=\Z, then we present normal subloops of finite index in \GA that are not congruence subloops.
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