The main theorem describes the behaviour of the stable cohomotopy invariant defined in the first article (joint with M. Furuta) in this series of two under the operation of taking connected sums of four-manifolds: The invariant of a connected sum is the smash product (in the sense of equivariant spectra) of the invariants of the respective summands. This provides nonvanishing results even in cases in which both the integer valued Seiberg-Witten invariants and Donaldson invariants have to vanish. As a consequence, one gets new results on diffeomorphism types of decomposable four-manifolds.
The monopole map defines an element in an equivariant stable cohomotopy group refining the Seiberg-Witten invariant. This first of two articles presents the details of the definition of the stable cohomotopy invariant and discusses its relation to the integer valued Seiberg-Witten invariant.
For closed manifolds endowed with a Riemannian foliation of codimension $4$, one can define a transversal Seiberg-Witten map. We show that there is a finite dimensional approximation for such a map. By such a method and under the condition that $H^1_b(M)\cap H^1(M,\mathbb Z)$ is a lattice of $H^1_b(M)$, we can define a foliated version of Bauer-Furuta invariant. Moreover, if the basic cohomological group is of zero dimension, we can give an estimate for the index of transversal Dirac operator of a foliated spin structure. Furthermore, under the condition that $H^\pm_b(M)=1$, we show the vanish…
We shall prove a new non-vanishing theorem for the stable cohomotopy Seiberg-Witten invariant of connected sums of 4-manifolds with positive first Betti number. The non-vanishing theorem enables us to find many new examples of 4-manifolds with non-trivial stable cohomotopy Seiberg-Witten invariants and it also gives a partial, but strong affirmative answer to a conjecture concerning non-vanishing of the invariant. Various new applications of the non-vanishing theorem are also given. For example, we shall introduce variants $\barλ_k$ of Perelman's $\barλ$ invariants for real numbers $k$ and com…
In this article, we produce infinite families of 4-manifolds with positive first betti numbers and meeting certain conditions on their homotopy and smooth types so as to conclude the non-vanishing of the stable cohomotopy Seiberg-Witten invariants of their connected sums. Elementary building blocks used in the earlier work of Ishida and Sasahira are shown to be included in our general construction scheme as well. We then use these families to construct the first examples of families of closed smooth 4-manifolds for which Gromov's simplicial volume is nontrivial, Perelman's lambda-bar invariant…
We show that for manifolds of dimension $m\geq5$, the flow of a Seiberg-Witten-type functional admits a global smooth solution on $M \times [0,\infty)$.
We introduce the gradient flow of the Seiberg-Witten functional on a compact, orientable Riemannian 4-manifold and show the global existence of a unique smooth solution to the flow. The flow converges uniquely in $C^\infty$ up to gauge to a critical point of the Seiberg-Witten functional.
We use localization formulas in the theory of equivariant cohomology to rederive the wall crossing formulas of Li-Liu and Okonek-Teleman for Seiberg-Witten invariants.
Let $M$ be a closed oriented $4$-manifold admitting a rank-$2$ oriented foliation with a metric of leafwise positive scalar curvature. If $b^+>1$, then we will show that the Seiberg-Witten invariant vanishes for all \spinc structures.
We study the Seiberg-Witten equations on surfaces of logarithmic general type. First, we show how to construct irreducible solutions of the Seiberg-Witten equations for any metric which is "asymptotic" to a Poincaré type metric at infinity. Then we compute a lower bound for the $L^{2}$-norm of scalar curvature on these spaces and give non-existence results for Einstein metrics on blow-ups.
I show that flat PSL(2;R)-connections on three-manifolds satisfying certain 'stability condition' can be interpreted as solutions of the Seiberg-Witten equations with two spinors. This is used to construct explicit examples of the Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces. Also, I show that in this setting blow up sets satisfy certain non-trivial topological restrictions.
We prove an abstract compactness theorem for a family of generalized Seiberg-Witten equations in dimension three. This result recovers Taubes' compactness theorem for stable flat $\mathbf{P}\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbf{C})$-connections as well as the compactness theorem for Seiberg-Witten equations with multiple spinors. Furthermore, this result implies a compactness theorem for the ADHM$_{1,2}$ Seiberg-Witten equation, which partially verifies a conjecture by Doan and Walpuski.
We investigate Seiberg-Witten theory in the presence of real structures. Certain conditions are obtained so that integer valued real Seiberg-Witten invariants can be defined. In general we study properties of the real Seiberg-Witten projection map from the point of view of Fredholm map degrees.
The Euler-Lagrange equations for the variational approach to the Seiberg-Witten equations always admit reducible solutions. In this context, the existence of unstable reducible solutions is achieved by assuming the existence of a parallel spinor or the negativeness of a Perelman-Yamabe type of invariant defined for a $\spinc$-structure.
In this paper, we focus on the moduli space of Seiberg-Witten equation on non-compact manifold with periodic end. Suppose that the scalar curvature on the periodic end is identically zero and the topological conditions: the first de-Rham cohomology and the self-dual cohomology restricting on the periodic end vanish. Then, we will show that the moduli space of the perturbed Seiberg-Witten equation is compact.
We introduce a new class of perturbations of the Seiberg-Witten equations. Our perturbations offer flexibility in the way the Seiberg-Witten invariants are constructed and also shed a new light to LeBrun's curvature inequalities.
Seiberg-Witten theory is used to obtain new obstructions to the existence of Einstein metrics on 4-manifolds with conical singularities along an embedded surface. In the present article, the cone angle is required to be of the form 2(pi)/p, where p is a positive integer, but we conjecture that similar results will also hold in greater generality.
We generalize Witten's conjectured formula relating Donaldson and Seiberg-Witten invariants to manifolds of non-simple type, via equivariant localization techniques. This approach does not use the theory of non-abelian monopoles, but works directly on the Donaldson-Witten and Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces. We give a formal derivation of Witten's conjecture and its generalization, making use of an infinite dimensional version of the abelian localization theorem.
In this thesis we study the Seiberg-Witten theory of an oriented homology 3-sphere. The goal is to extract topological invariants - the Seiberg-Witten invariants - by counting the solutions to the Seiberg-Witten equations on the manifold. The first question we consider is whether the Seiberg-Witten invariants depend on the geometric or analytic data involved in their definition. In the first main result of this thesis, we completely determine the dependence of the Seiberg-Witten invariants on the data involved in their definition. In particular, we show that even for the simplest manifold, the…
We show that the mod 2 Seiberg-Witten invariant can be determined for a spin manifold X which has the same homology groups as the 4-torus. The value depends on the structure of the cohomology ring of X, and in particular on the 4-fold cup product on H^1(X). We also consider some examples of homology tori.
We prove a gluing formula for the families Seiberg-Witten invariants of families of $4$-manifolds obtained by fibrewise connected sum. Our formula expresses the families Seiberg-Witten invariants of such a connected sum family in terms of the ordinary Seiberg-Witten invariants of one of the summands, under certain assumptions on the families. We construct some variants of the families Seiberg-Witten invariants and prove the gluing formula also for these variants. One variant incorporates a twist of the families moduli space using the charge conjugation symmetry of the Seiberg-Witten equations.…
New estimates are derived concerning the behavior of self-dual hamonic 2-forms on a compact Riemannian 4-manifold with non-trivial Seiberg-Witten invariants. Applications include a vanishing theorem for certain Seiberg-Witten invariants on compact 4-manifolds of constant negative sectional curvature.
We determine the Seiberg-Witten-Floer homology groups of the three-manifold which is the product of a surface of genus $g \geq 1$ times the circle, together with its ring structure, for spin-c structures which are non-trivial on the three-manifold. We give applications to computing Seiberg-Witten invariants of four-manifolds which are connected sums along surfaces and also we reprove the higher type adjunction inequalities previously obtained by Oszváth and Szabó.
We give the definition of the Seiberg-Witten-Floer homology group for a homology 3-sphere. Its Euler characteristic number is a Casson-type invariant. For a four-manifold with boundary a homology sphere, a relative Seiberg-Witten invariant is defined taking values in the Seiberg-Witten-Floer homology group, these relative Seiberg-Witten invariants are applied to certain homology spheres bounding Stein surfaces.
Let $M$ a compact connected orientable 4-manifold. We study the space $Ξ$ of $Spin^c$-structures of fixed fundamental class, as an infinite dimensional principal bundle on the manifold of riemannian metrics on $M$. In order to study perturbations of the metric in Seiberg-Witten equations, we study the transversality of universal equations, parametrized with all $Spin^c$-structures $Ξ$. We prove that, on a complex Kähler surface, for an hermitian metric $h$ sufficiently close to the original Kähler metric, the moduli space of Seiberg-Witten equations relative to the metric $h$ is smooth of the …
We prove that the Seiberg-Witten invariants of a rational homology sphere are determined in a very explicit fashion by the Casson-Walker invariant and the Reidemeister torsion
We explain a new phenomenon on non compact complete Riemannian four manifolds, where d^+ image of one forms can not exhaust densely on L^2 self dual forms on each compact subset, if a certain L^2 self dual harmonic form exists. This leads to construct a new functional analytic framework on the Seiberg-Witten map.
By using the gluing formula of the Seiberg-Witten invariant, we compute the Yamabe invariant Y(X) of 4-manifolds X obtained by performing surgeries along points, circles or tori on compact Kaehler surfaces. For instance, if M is a compact Kaehler surface of nonnegative Kodaira dimension, and N is a smooth closed oriented 4-manifold with b_2^+(N)=0 and Y(N)>= 0, then we show that Y(M # N)=Y(M).
We establish a surgery formula for 3-dimensional Seiberg-Witten monopoles under (+1) Dehn surgery on a knot in a homology 3-sphere. (substantial revision)
Given a three-manifold with b_1=1 and a nontorsion spin^c structure, we use finite dimensional approximation to construct from the Seiberg-Witten equations two invariants in the form of a periodic pro-spectra. Various functors applied to these invariants give different flavors of Seiberg-Witten Floer homology. We also construct stable homotopy versions of the relative Seiberg-Witten invariants for certain four-manifolds with boundary.
We give a surgery formula for the torsions and Seiberg-Witten invariants associated with $Spin^c$-structures on 3-manifolds. We use the technique of Reidemeister-type torsions and their refinements.
A formula is given for the Seiberg-Witten invariants of a 4-manifold that is cut along certain kinds of 3-dimensional tori. The formula involves a Seiberg-Witten invariant for each of the resulting pieces.
We show how the families Seiberg-Witten invariants of a family of smooth $4$-manifolds can be recovered from the families Bauer-Furuta invariant via a cohomological formula. We use this formula to deduce several properties of the families Seiberg-Witten invariants. We give a formula for the Steenrod squares of the families Seiberg-Witten invariants leading to a series of mod $2$ relations between these invariants and the Chern classes of the spin$^c$ index bundle of the family. As a result we discover a new aspect of the ordinary Seiberg-Witten invariants of a $4$-manifold $X$: they obstruct t…
For a rational homology 3-sphere $Y$ with a $\spinc$ structure $\s$, we show that simple algebraic manipulations of our construction of equivariant Seiberg-Witten Floer homology lead to a collection of variants which are topological invariants. We establish exact sequences relating them, we show that they satisfy a duality under orientation reversal, and we explain their relation to ou previous construction of equivariant Seiberg-Witten Floer (co)homologies. We conjecture the equivalence of these versions of equivariant Seiberg-Witten Floer homology with the Heegaard Floer invariants introduce…
In the paper we formulate and derive the family blowup formula of family Seiberg-Witten invariants. The formula has been used in the enumerative application of counting singular curves on algebraic surfaces. We first give a topological derivation of the formula by using family index theorem. Then we define the algebraic (family) Seiberg-Witten invariants for algebraic surfaces and then give an algebraic derivation of the family blowup formula for the algebraic family Seiberg-Witten invariants.
We use rudiments of the Seiberg-Witten gluing theory for trivial circle bundles over a Riemann surface to relate de Seiberg-Witten basic classes of two $4$-manifolds containing Riemann surfaces of the same genus and self-intersection zero with those of the $4$-manifold resulting as a connected sum along the surface. We study examples in which this is enough to describe completely the basic classes.
I describe a relation (mostly conjectural) between the Seiberg-Witten monopoles, Fueter sections, and G2 instantons. In the last part of this article I gathered some open questions connected with this relation.
We prove a gluing formula for Seiberg--Witten invariants which describes in particular the behaviour of the invariant under blow-up and rational blow-down.
Among all conformal classes of Riemannian metrics on ${\Bbb CP}_2$, that of the Fubini-Study metric is shown to have the largest Yamabe constant. The proof, which involves perturbations of the Seiberg-Witten equations, also yields new results on the total scalar curvature of almost-Kähler 4-manifolds.
These notes provide an introductory exposition of the Seiberg-Witten gauge theory. They collect the material presented in a series of seminars given by the author at the University of Milano.
We prove that, under a simple condition on the cohomology ring, every closed 4-manifold has mod 2 Seiberg-Witten simple type. This result shows that there exists a large class of topological 4-manifolds such that all smooth structures have mod 2 simple type, and yet some have non-vanishing (mod 2) Seiberg-Witten invariants. As corollaries, we obtain adjunction inequalities and show that, under a mild topological condition, every geometrically simply connected closed 4-manifold has the vanishing mod 2 Seiberg-Witten invariant for at least one orientation.
This is the second part of the proof of the exact traiangles in Seiberg-Witten Floer theory. We analyse the splitting and gluing of flow lines of the Chern-Simons-Dirac functional when the underlying three-manifold splits along a torus. (two corrections added)
We introduce an invariant of tuples of commutative diffeomorphisms on a 4-manifold using families of Seiberg-Witten equations. This is a generalization of Ruberman's invariant of diffeomorphisms defined using 1-parameter families of Seiberg-Witten equations. Our invariant yields an application to the homotopy groups of the space of positive scalar curvature metrics on a 4-manifold. We also study the extension problem for families of 4-manifolds using our invariant.
We construct the Seiberg-Witten theory on 3-manifolds with Euclidean ends (connected sums of $\R^3$ and a compact manifold) with perturbations which approximate $*dx_3$ at infinity, and describe the structure of the moduli spaces. The setup is inspired by Taubes's program of relating the 4-dimensional Seiberg-Witten invariant with `singular Gromov invariants' and has related applications.
In this paper, we investigate the Seiberg-Witten gauge theory for Seifert fibered spaces. The monopoles over these three-manifolds, for a particular choice of metric and perturbation, are completely described. Gradient flow lines between monopoles are identified with holomorphic data on an associated ruled surface, and a dimension formula for such flows is calculated.
On a compact oriented four-manifold with an orientation preserving involution c, we count solutions of Seiberg-Witten equations, which are moreover symmetrical in relation to c, to construct "real" Seiberg-Witten invariants. Using Taubes' results, we prove that on a symplectic almost complex manifold with an antisymplectic and antiholomorphic involution, this invariants are not all trivial, and that the canonical bundle is represented by a real holomorphic curve.
In this paper, we derive new adjunction inequalities for embedded surfaces with non-negative self-intersection number in four-manifolds. These formulas are proved by using relations between Seiberg-Witten invariants which are induced from embedded surfaces. To prove these relations, we develop the relevant parts of a Floer theory for four-manifolds which bound circle-bundles over Riemann surfaces.
It is shown that the non-homogeneous Dirichlet and Neuman problems for the $2^{nd}$-order Seiberg-Witten equation admit a regular solution once the $\mathcal{H}$-condition (described in the article) is satisfied. The approach consist in applying the elliptic techniques to the variational setting of the Seiberg-Witten equation.
In the present text we discuss basic aspects of the Seiberg - Witten theory mainly focusing the attantion on some geometrical details which could make the introduction to the subject more illustrative. At the same time we list there natural problems arise in this framework mostly interesting to the author. This text could be regarded as additional remarks to any comlete course on the Seiberg - Witten invariants.
The purpose of this note is to prove that the symplectic mapping class groups of many K3 surfaces are infinitely generated. Our proof makes no use of any Floer-theoretic machinery but instead follows the approach of Kronheimer and uses invariants derived from the Seiberg-Witten equations.
We construct Bott-type and stable equivariant Seiberg-Witten Floer homology and cohomology for rational homology spheres, and prove their diffeomorphism invariance.
