We utilize Dyson's concept of the adjoint of a partition to derive an infinite family of new polynomial analogues of Euler's Pentagonal Number Theorem. We streamline Dyson's bijection relating partitions with crank <= k and those with k in the Rank-Set of partitions. Also, we extend Dyson's adjoint of a partition to MacMahon's ``modular'' partitions with modulus 2. This way we find a new combinatorial proof of Gauss's famous identity. We give a direct combinatorial proof that for n>1 the partitions of n with crank k are equinumerous with partitions of n with crank -k.
The Dyson rank of an integer partition is the difference between its largest part and the number of parts it contains. Using Fine-Dyson symmetry, we give formulas for the number of partitions of n with rank larger than n/2, and we prove identities for counts of partitions with large rank in fixed residue classes.
Andrews and Newman have recently introduced the notion of the mex of a partition, the smallest positive integer that is not a part. The concept has been used since at least 2011, though, with connections to Frobenius symbols. Recently the parity of the mex has been associated to the crank statistic named by Dyson in 1944. In this note, we extend and strengthen the connection between the crank and mex (along with a new generaliztion of the mex) by proving a number of properties that naturally relate these partition statistics.
The crank is a partition statistic requested by Dyson in 1944 in order to combinatorially prove a Ramanujan congruence of Euler's partition function $p(n)$. In this paper, we provide connections between Dyson's crank and unimodal compositions. Somewhat unrelated, we give a combinatorial proof of a new truncated Euler pentagonal number theorem due to Xia and Zhao.
Let $N_k(m,n)$ denote the number of partitions of $n$ with Garvan $k$-rank $m$. It is well-known that Andrews-Garvan-Dyson's crank and Dyson's rank are the $k$-rank for $k=1$ and $k=2$, respectively. In this paper, we prove that the sequence $\{N_k(m,n)\}_{|m|\le n-k-71}$ is log-concave for all sufficiently large $n$ and each integer $k$. In particular, we partially solve the log-concavity conjecture for Andrews-Garvan-Dyson's crank and Dyson's rank, which was independently proposed by Bringmann-Jennings-Shaffer-Mahlburg and Ji-Zang.
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the distribution of the Andrews-Garvan-Dyson crank of a partition. Let $M(m,n)$ denote the number of partitions of $n$ with the Andrews-Garvan-Dyson crank $m$, we show that the sequence \break $\{M(m,n)\}_{|m|\leq n-1}$ is unimodal for $n\geq 44$. It turns out that the unimodality of \break $\{M(m,n)\}_{|m|\leq n-1}$ is related to the monotonicity properties of two partition \break functions $p_k(n)$ and $pp_k(n)$. Let $p_k(n)$ denote the number of partitions of $n$ with at most $k$ parts such that the largest part appears at least twice and l…
In $1944$, Freeman Dyson defined the concept of rank of an integer partition and introduced without definition the term of crank of an integer partition. A definition for the crank satisfying the properties hypothesized for it by Dyson was discovered in 1988 by G. E. Andrews and F. G. Garvan. In this paper, we introduce truncated forms for two theta identities involving the generating functions for partitions with non-negative rank and non-negative crank. As corollaries we derive new infinite families of linear inequalities for the partition function $p(n)$. The number of Garden of Eden partit…
We obtain a combinatorial proof of a surprising weighted partition equality of Berkovich and Uncu. Our proof naturally leads to a formula for the number of partitions with a given parity of the smallest part, in terms of S(i), the number of partitions of i into distinct parts with even rank minus the number with odd rank, for which there is an almost closed formula by Andrews, Dyson and Hickerson. This method of calculating the number of partitions of n with a given parity of the smallest part is practical and efficient.
Let $k$ be a positive integer and $m$ be an integer. Garvan's $k$-rank $N_k(m,n)$ is the number of partitions of $n$ into at least $(k-1)$ successive Durfee squares with $k$-rank equal to $m$. In this paper give some asymptotics for $N_k(m,n)$ with $|m|\ge \sqrt{n}$ as $n\rightarrow \infty$. As a corollary, we give a more complete answer for the Dyson's crank distribution conjecture. We also establish some asymptotic formulas for finite differences of $N_k(m,n)$ with respect to $m$ with $m\gg \sqrt{n}\log n$.
Symmetries on the lattice of $k$-bounded partitions
2002年R.苏特确定了二面角对称的某些阶理想在杨格，并给出了一个组合行动的分区在这些阶理想。从几何上看，在仿射对称群的几何实现中，阶理想可以看作是与凹室在2倍膨胀中的双射。通过考虑m重伸缩，我们观察到L所考虑的k-有界分划格中的一个更大的阶理想集。Lapointe，A. Lascoux，and J. Morse在k-Schur函数的研究中。我们确定的阶理想和它的循环作用明确的几何和组合的形式。
Several authors have recently considered the smallest positive part missing from an integer partition, known as the minimum excludant or mex. In this work, we revisit and extend connections between Dyson's crank statistics, the mex, and Frobenius symbols, with a focus on combinatorial proof techniques. One highlight is a generating function expression for the number of partitions with a bounded crank that does not include an alternating sum. This leads to a combinatorial interpretation involving types of Durfee rectangles.
Symmetries of plane partitions and the permanent-determinant method
在论文[J. Combin。理论系列A 43（1986），103- 113]，斯坦利给出了在十个对称类中的每一个中的平面划分数的公式。本文结合Andrews [J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 66（1994），28-39]和Stembridge [Adv. Math 111（1995），227-243]完成了证明所有十个公式的项目。我们列举循环对称，自互补的平面分区。我们首先将平面划分转化为平面上六边形的菱形拼接，或者等价地转化为某个可平面图中的匹配。然后，我们可以使用不变行列式方法或其变体--哈夫尼-普夫兰方法，在这十种情况下，得到作为矩阵的行列式或普夫兰的答案。我们行减少所产生的矩阵在考虑的情况下，以证明公式。类似的行减少过程可以在许多其他情况下进行，我们分析了其他三个对称类的平面分区进行比较。
We study the weighted partition function for lozenge tilings, with weights given by multivariate rational functions originally defined by Morales, Pak and Panova (2019) in the context of the factorial Schur functions. We prove that this partition function is symmetric for large families of regions. We employ both combinatorial and algebraic proofs.
Dyson's rank function and the Andrews--Garvan crank function famously give combinatorial witnesses for Ramanujan's partition function congruences modulo 5, 7, and 11. While these functions can be used to show that the corresponding sets of partitions split into 5, 7, or 11 equally sized sets, one may ask how to make the resulting bijections between partitions organized by rank or crank combinatorially explicit. Stanton recently made conjectures which aim to uncover a deeper combinatorial structure along these lines, where it turns out that minor modifications of the rank and crank are required…
The counting of the dimension of the space of $U(N) \times U(N) \times U(N)$ polynomial invariants of a complex $3$-index tensor as a function of degree $n$ is known in terms of a sum of squares of Kronecker coefficients. For $n \le N$, the formula can be expressed in terms of a sum of symmetry factors of partitions of $n$ denoted $Z_3(n)$. We derive the large $n$ all-orders asymptotic formula for $ Z_3(n)$ making contact with high order results previously obtained numerically. The derivation relies on the dominance in the sum, of partitions with many parts of length $1$. The dominance of othe…
In this paper we enumerate the centrally symmetric lozenge tilings of a hexagon with a shamrock removed from its center. Our proof is based on a variant of Kuo's graphical condensation method in which only three of the four involved vertices are on the same face. As a special case, we obtain a new proof of the enumeration of the self-complementary plane partitions.
