M. Brightwell, P. Turner, S. Willerton
In this short note we provide a review of some developments in the area of homotopy quantum field theories, loosely based on a talk given by the second author at the Xth Oporto Meeting on Geometry, Topology and Physics.
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For smooth finite dimensional manifolds, we characterise gerbes with connection as functors on a certain surface cobordism category. This allows us to relate gerbes with connection to Turaev's 1+1-dimensional homotopy quantum field theories, and we show that flat gerbes are related to a specific class of rank one homotopy quantum field theories.
Given a finite $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded group $\hat{\mathsf{G}}$ with ungraded subgroup $\mathsf{G}$ and a twisted cocycle $\hatλ \in Z^n(B \hat{\mathsf{G}}; \mathsf{U}(1)_π)$ which restricts to $λ\in Z^n(B \mathsf{G}; \mathsf{U}(1))$, we construct a lift of $λ$-twisted $\mathsf{G}$-Dijkgraaf--Witten theory to an unoriented topological quantum field theory. Our construction uses a new class of homotopy field theories, which we call orientation twisted. We also introduce an orientation twisted variant of the orbifold procedure, which produces an unoriented topological field theory from an orientat…
In this paper we extend Toën's derived Hall algebra construction, in which he obtains unital associative algebras from certain stable model categories, to one in which such algebras are obtained from more general stable homotopy theories, in particular stable complete Segal spaces satisfying appropriate finiteness assumptions.
We prove that the homotopy theory of cofibration categories is equivalent to the homotopy theory of cocomplete quasicategories. This is achieved by presenting both homotopy theories as fibration categories and constructing an explicit equivalence between them.
In previous work, the first author defined homotopy theories for stratified spaces from a simplicial and a topological perspective. In both frameworks stratified weak-equivalences are detected by suitable generalizations of homotopy links. These two frameworks are connected through a stratified version of the classical adjunction between the realization and the functor of singular simplices. Using a modified version of this adjunction, the first author showed that over a fixed poset of strata the two homotopy theories were equivalent. Building on this result we now show that the unmodified adj…
These notes are from a series of lectures given at the Workshop on the Homotopy Theory of Homotopy Theories which took place in Caesarea, Israel, in May 2010. The workshop was organized by David Blanc, Emmanuel Farjoun, and David Kazhdan, and talks not indicated otherwise were given by the author.
We define Homotopy quantum field theories (HQFT) as Topological quantum field theories (TQFT) for manifolds endowed with extra structure in the form of a map into some background space X. We also build the category of homotopy cobordisms HCobord(n,X) such that an HQFT is a functor from this category into a category of linear spaces. We then derive some very general properties of HCobord}(n,X), including the fact that it only depends on the (n+1)-homotopy type of X. We also prove that an HQFT with target space X and in dimension n+1 implies the existence of geometrical structures in X; in parti…
Given an appropriate diagram of left Quillen functors between model categories, one can define a notion of homotopy fiber product, but one might ask if it is really the correct one. Here, we show that this homotopy pullback is well-behaved with respect to translating it into the setting of more general homotopy theories, given by complete Segal spaces, where we have well-defined homotopy pullbacks.
We lift Charles Rezk's complete Segal space model structure on the category of simplicial spaces to a Quillen equivalent one on the category of relative categories.
Generalizing a definition of homotopy fiber products of model categories, we give a definition of the homotopy limit of a diagram of left Quillen functors between model categories. As has been previously shown for homotopy fiber products, we prove that such a homotopy limit does in fact correspond to the usual homotopy limit, when we work in a more general model for homotopy theories in which they can be regarded as objects of a model category.
In this paper, we discuss two topics: first, we show how to convert 1+1-topological quantum field theories valued in symmetric bimonoidal categories into stable homotopical data, using a machinery by Elmendorf and Mandell. Then, we discuss, in this framework, two recent results (independent of each other) on refinements of Khovanov homology: our refinement into a module over the connective k-theory spectrum and a stronger result by Lipshitz and Sarkar refining Khovanov homology into a stable homotopy type.
A stable framework for proper and exterior homotopy and cohomology theories
该研究构建了外同伦理论的稳定框架，将其应用于恰当同伦理论，建立了约化外上同调理论的Brown可表示性定理，为恰当同伦理论的稳定理论发展提供了关键基础。
Given any model category, or more generally any category with weak equivalences, its simplicial localization is a simplicial category which can rightfully be called the "homotopy theory" of the model category. There is a model category structure on the category of simplicial categories, so taking its simplicial localization yields a "homotopy theory of homotopy theories." In this paper we show that there are two different categories of diagrams of simplicial sets, each equipped with an appropriate definition of weak equivalence, such that the resulting homotopy theories are each equivalent to …
Deformations of homotopy theories via algebraic theories
本文提出代数理论的同伦变体，作为生成同伦理论形变的工具，并据此构建了从纯代数数据计算同伦数据的阻碍理论与谱序列框架。
Given a small category C, we show that there is a universal way of expanding C into a model category, essentially by formally adjoining homotopy colimits. The technique of localization becomes a method for imposing `relations' into these universal gadgets. The paper develops this formalism and discusses various applications, for instance to the study of homotopy colimits, the Dwyer-Kan theory of framings, and to the homotopy theory of schemes.
On the equivalence of two approaches to multiplicative homotopy theories
本文探讨了两种乘法同调理论框架的等价性，解决了Pavlov猜想并解答了Hovey第十问题的特殊情况，同时证明了多个主定理的变体。
We show that a derivator is stable if and only if homotopy finite limits and homotopy finite colimits commute, if and only if homotopy finite limit functors have right adjoints, and if and only if homotopy finite colimit functors have left adjoints. These characterizations generalize to an abstract notion of "stability relative to a class of functors", which includes in particular pointedness, semiadditivity, and ordinary stability. To prove them, we develop the theory of derivators enriched over monoidal left derivators and weighted homotopy limits and colimits therein.
Universal Homotopy Theories and Associated Homological Algebras
本文针对小范畴，将其万有同伦范畴与含幺交换环上的线性阿贝尔范畴相关联，从而在该范畴中开展相应的同调代数研究。
High-corank torsion in homotopy of unitary groups via topological modular forms and higher real $K$-theories
该研究利用Weiss的酉微积分将向量丛问题转化为稳定同伦计算，借助色与等变同伦理论中的广义上同调理论，推导出球面与复射影空间上非平凡稳定平凡向量丛的存在性。
Levels of algebraicity in stable homotopy theories
该研究探讨稳定同伦理论中多种代数性概念的蕴含关系，揭示其关联的微妙性，并以 chromatic homotopy theory 的实例加以阐释。
We show that each of the three $K$-theory multifunctors from small permutative categories to $\mathcal{G}_*$-categories, $\mathcal{G}_*$-simplicial sets, and connective spectra, is an equivalence of homotopy theories. For each of these $K$-theory multifunctors, we describe an explicit homotopy inverse functor. As a separate application of our general results about pointed diagram categories, we observe that the right-induced homotopy theory of Bohmann-Osorno $\mathcal{E}_*$-categories is equivalent to the homotopy theory of pointed simplicial categories.
Big pictures of motivic and classical homotopy theories
本文通过与经典对应物比较，探讨motivic同伦理论的全景及其与Voevodsky motives的联系。
We describe a category, the objects of which may be viewed as models for homotopy theories. We show that for such models, ``functors between two homotopy theories form a homotopy theory'', or more precisely that the category of such models has a well-behaved internal hom-object.
In the present paper we study bundles equipped with extra homotopy conditions, in particular so-called simplicial $n$-bundles. It is shown that (under some condition) the classifying space of 1-bundles is the double coset space of some finite dimensional Lie group. We also establish some relation between our bundles and C*-algebras.
We extend the homotopy theories based on point reduction for finite spaces and simplicial complexes to finite acyclic categories and $Δ$-complexes, respectively. The functors of classifying spaces and face posets are compatible with these homotopy theories. In contrast with the classical settings of finite spaces and simplicial complexes, the universality of morphisms and simplices plays a central role in this paper.
In this paper we prove results relating to two homotopy relations and four homology theories developed in the topology of digital images. We introduce a new type of homotopy relation for digitally continuous functions which we call "strong homotopy." Both digital homotopy and strong homotopy are natural digitizations of classical topological homotopy: the difference between them is analogous to the difference between digital 4-adjacency and 8-adjacency in the plane. We also consider four different digital homology theories: a simplicial homology theory by Arslan et al which is the homology of …
We introduce, for every positive integer n, the notion of an n-relative category and show that the category of the small n-relative categories is a model for the homotopy theory of n-fold homotopy theories, i.e. homotopy theories of ... of homotopy theories.
In this paper we establish new characterizations of stable derivators, thereby obtaining additional interpretations of the passage from (pointed) topological spaces to spectra and, more generally, of the stabilization. We show that a derivator is stable if and only if homotopy finite limits and homotopy finite colimits commute, and there are variants for sufficiently finite Kan extensions. As an additional reformulation, a derivator is stable if and only if it admits a zero object and if partial cone and partial fiber morphisms commute on squares.
An algebraic theory $T$ is a category with objects $t_0,t_2...$ such that for each $n$ the object $t_n$ is an $n$-fold categorical product of $t_1$. A strict $T$-algebra is a product preserving functor $A: T\to Spaces$. Lawvere showed that for a suitable choice of T giving such an algebra amounts to providing the space $A(t_1)$ with a familiar structure of a monoid group, ring, Lie algebra... Given a functor $X: T\to Spaces$ which preserves products up to a weak equivalence we show that $X$ is more or less canonically weakly equivalent to a strict $T$-algebra $LX$. Thus any `homotopy' algebrai…
Constructions of spectra from symmetric monoidal categories are typically functorial with respect to strict structure-preserving maps, but often the maps of interest are merely lax monoidal. We describe conditions under which one can transport the weak equivalences from one category to another with the same objects and a broader class of maps. Under mild hypotheses this process produces an equivalence of homotopy theories. We describe examples including algebras over an operad, such as symmetric monoidal categories and $n$-fold monoidal categories; and diagram categories, such as $Γ$-categorie…
We propose an axiomatic characterization of coarse homology theories defined on the category of bornological coarse spaces. We construct a category of motivic coarse spectra. Our focus is the classification of coarse homology theories and the construction of examples. We show that if a transformation between coarse homology theories induces an equivalence on all discrete bornological coarse spaces, then it is an equivalence on bornological coarse spaces of finite asymptotic dimension. The example of coarse K-homology will be discussed in detail.
Combinatorial Models for Linear Homotopy Theories
本文通过小微分范畴代数比较不同线性结构，证明半简单模与增强半简单模等价于特定同调理论，揭示半立方模到增强半简单模的自然比较及Quillen伴随关系。
Motivated by gauge theory, we develop a general framework for chain complex valued algebraic quantum field theories. Building upon our recent operadic approach to this subject, we show that the category of such theories carries a canonical model structure and explain the important conceptual and also practical consequences of this result. As a concrete application we provide a derived version of Fredenhagen's universal algebra construction, which is relevant e.g. for the BRST/BV formalism. We further develop a homotopy theoretical generalization of algebraic quantum field theory with a particu…
We adapt the notion of an algebraic theory to work in the setting of quasicategories developed recently by Joyal and Lurie. We develop the general theory at some length. We study one extended example in detail: the theory of commutative monoids (which turns out to be essentially just a 2-category). This gives a straightforward, combinatorially explicit, and instructive notion of a commutative monoid. We prove that this definition is equivalent (in appropriate senses) both to the classical concept of an E-infinity monoid and to Lurie's concept of a commutative algebra object.
This paper is part of an endeavor to define an analogue of the slice filtration in the unstable motivic homotopy category. Our approach was inspired by the fact that the triangulated structures do not play a relevant role for the construction of birational homotopy categories as well as by the work of Kahn-Sujatha \cite{K-theory/0596} on birational motives, where the existence of a connection between the layers of the slice filtration and birational invariants is explicitly suggested. Our main result, shows that there is an equivalence of categories between the orthogonal components for the sl…
This survey offers an overview of an on-going project on uniform symmetries in abstract stable homotopy theories. This project has calculational, foundational, and representation-theoretic aspects, and key features of this emerging field on abstract representation theory include the following. First, generalizing the classical focus on representations over fields, it is concerned with the study of representations over rings, differential-graded algebras, ring spectra, and in more general abstract stable homotopy theories. Second, restricting attention to specific shapes, it offers an explanati…
Orbifolds, Orbispaces and Global Homotopy Theory
本文提出通过正交谱构建仿射空间的稳定全球同伦类型，并展示其在仿射上同调理论中的应用，证明这些上同调群与仿射空间的表示方式无关。
Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. Let SH(k) denote the motivic stable homotopy category of T-spectra over k and SH the classical stable homotopy category. Let c:SH -> SH(k) be the functor induced by sending a space to the constant presheaf of spaces on Sm/k. We show that c is fully faithful. In particular, c induces an isomorphism π_n(E)-> π_{n,0}c(E) for all spectra E. Fix an embedding of k into the complex numbers and let Re:SH(k) -> SH be the associated Betti realization. We show that the slice tower for the motivic sphere spectrum has Betti realization which is…
This article explains and extends semialgebraic homotopy theory (developed by H. Delfs and M. Knebusch) to o-minimal homotopy theory (over a field). The homotopy category of definable CW-complexes is equivalent to the homotopy category of topological CW-complexes (with continuous mappings). If the theory of the o-minimal expansion of a field is bounded, then these categories are equivalent to the homotopy category of weakly definable spaces. Similar facts hold for decreasing systems of spaces. As a result, generalized homology and cohomology theories on pointed weak polytopes uniquely correspo…
A cubical approach to homology theories for hypergraphs
本文提出超图的三种同调理论（Γ、□、×），证明其互异且不同于嵌入同调，并引入扩展图离散同伦的超图同伦，发现仅□-同调具同伦不变性，且Γ-同调有独特结构行为。
Non-trivial higher homotopy of first-order theories
本文通过 Connes 循环范畴计算稠密循环序集合理论的模型空间分类空间，证明其同伦等价于无穷维复射影空间，从而得到非平凡的二阶同伦群，回答了先前工作中的一个问题。
We quiver-interpret the classical simplicial theory - including the cosimplex category $Δ$, Dold-Kan correspondence, and Hochschild homology - as a certain Q-homotopy theory of type $A$. For the cyclic and cubical theories, we proceed analogously. Subsequently, we present far-reaching generalizations, using different types of quivers. Moreover, we explain how to construct certain categories as analogs of $Δ$, and associate to each a Q-homotopy theory. We provide many examples, including such theories of type $D$.
Two-Dimensional Extended Homotopy Field Theories
本文给出了以非球面为目标的二维扩展同伦场论的另一种定义并加以分类，通过拟双角$G$-代数对取值于对称幺半双范畴的E-HFTs进行分类，并验证了Lurie提出的$(G \ imes SO(2))$-结构配边假设的一个特例。
Homotopy, homology, and persistent homology using closure spaces
本文在 Čech 闭包空间滤过上构建多种同伦与奇异同调理论以生成持续模，并推广 Gromov-Hausdorff 距离证明其稳定性。
We reformulate and motivate AKSZ-type topological field theories in pedestrian terms, explaining how they arise as the most general Schwartz-type topological actions subject to a simple constraint, and how they generalize Chern$-$Simons theory and other well known topological field theories, in that they are gauge theories of flat connections of higher gauge groups (infinity-Lie algebras). Their Euler$-$Lagrange equations define quasifree graded-commutative differential algebras, or equivalently $L_\infty$-algebras, the equivalent of the Lie algebra of the gauge group; we explain how integrati…
We initiate the homotopical study of racks and quandles, two algebraic structures that govern knot theory and related braided structures in algebra and geometry. We prove analogs of Milnor's theorem on free groups for these theories and their pointed variants, identifying the homotopy types of the free racks and free quandles on spaces of generators. These results allow us to complete the stable classification of racks and quandles by identifying the ring spectra that model their stable homotopy theories. As an application, we show that the stable homotopy of a knot quandle is, in general, mor…
In previous work, we showed that there are appropriate model category structures on the category of simplicial categories and on the category of Segal precategories, and that they are Quillen equivalent to one another and to Rezk's complete Segal space model structure on the category of simplicial spaces. Here, we show that these results still hold if we instead use groupoid or "invertible" cases. Namely, we show that model structures on the categories of simplicial groupoids, Segal pregroupoids, and invertible simplicial spaces are all Quillen equivalent to one another and to the standard mod…
Naive homotopy theories in cartesian closed categories
本文在笛卡尔闭范畴中利用保持有限积的自函子和满射自然变换构造朴素同伦范畴，并在预内聚2-值topos条件下用显式同伦给出其与经典同伦理论的联系。
We study how smashing Bousfield localizations behave under various equivariant functors. We show that the analogs of the smash product and chromatic convergence theorems for the Real Johnson-Wilson theories $E_{\mathbb{R}}(n)$ hold only after Borel completion. We establish analogous results for the $C_{2^n}$-equivariant Johnson-Wilson theories constructed by Beaudry, Hill, Shi, and Zeng. We show that induced localizations upgrade the available norms for an $N_\infty$-algebra, and we determine which new norms appear. Finally, we explore generalizations of our results on smashing localizations i…
We introduce a linearly ordered lattice $μ(Grp)$ of torsion theories in simplicial groups. The torsion theories are defined where the torsion/torsion-free subcategories are given by the simplicial groups with bounded above/below Moore complex, respectively. These torsion theories extend naturally the torsion theories in internal groupoids in groups. Connections of this lattice with the homotopy groups are established since the homotopy groups of a simplicial group can be calculated as the quotients of torsion subojects.
Generalized cohomology theories for algebraic stacks
本文扩展了Voevodsky的稳定motivic同调范畴至scalloped代数堆，展示其具备Grothendieck的六操作公理，为堆上的广义上同调理论提供框架，包括代数K理论和新的例子如motivic上同调和代数 bordism。
Homotopy theories via the magnitude-path spectral sequence
引入基于量级-路径谱序列的广义度量空间同伦理论族，定义r-拟同构并证明每页满足Eilenberg-Steenrod公理的度量类比，建立Brown范畴结构以计算同伦余极限。
Separable commutative algebras and Galois theory in stable homotopy theories
本文将 Mathew 的有限覆盖与 Balmer 的可分离交换代数联系起来，证明有限覆盖即具有可对偶模及局部常数有限次函数的可分离交换代数，并利用伽罗瓦理论对多种重要范畴中的此类代数进行了分类。
Stable homotopy theory of higher categories
本文证明反转自同态范畴操作产生高阶范畴的稳定同伦理论，其中范畴谱表示同调理论，并建立范畴Brown表示定理及Hurewicz和Eilenberg-Zilber定理。
This series explores a new notion of T-homotopy equivalence of flows. The new definition involves embeddings of finite bounded posets preserving the bottom and the top elements and the associated cofibrations of flows. In this third part, it is proved that the generalized T-homotopy equivalences preserve the branching and merging homology theories of a flow. These homology theories are of interest in computer science since they detect the non-deterministic branching and merging areas of execution paths in the time flow of a higher dimensional automaton. The proof is based on Reedy model catego…
We classify invertible 2-dimensional framed and $r$-spin topological field theories by computing the homotopy groups and the $k$-invariant of the corresponding bordism categories. The zeroth homotopy group of a bordism category is the usual Thom bordism group, the first homotopy group can be identified with a Reinhart vector field bordism group, or the so called SKK group as observed by Ebert, Böckstedt-Svane and Kreck-Stolz-Teichner. We present the computation of SKK groups for stable tangential structures. Then we consider non-stable examples: the 2-dimensional framed and $r$-spin SKK groups…
Algebraic quantum field theory and prefactorization algebra are two mathematical approaches to quantum field theory. In this monograph, using a new coend definition of the Boardman-Vogt construction of a colored operad, we define homotopy algebraic quantum field theories and homotopy prefactorization algebras and investigate their homotopy coherent structures. Homotopy coherent diagrams, homotopy inverses, A-infinity-algebras, E-infinity-algebras, and E-infinity-modules arise naturally in this context. In particular, each homotopy algebraic quantum field theory has the structure of a homotopy …
Comparison of Motivic Homotopy Theories
本文比较了motivic homotopy theories的两种不同范畴，并展示了其在不同条件下的性质。
Orbifold bordism and duality for finite orbispectra
本文构造了有限orbi谱的稳定可表示同伦范畴，证明其存在扩展Spanier-Whitehead对偶的反变对合，并建立全局Thom谱表示的同伦配边理论与几何orbifold配边群之间的同构，推广了经典Pontryagin-Thom同构。
For commutative algebras there are three important homology theories, Harrison homology, Andre-Quillen homology and Gamma-homology. In general these differ, unless one works with respect to a ground field of characteristic zero. We show that the analogues of these homology theories agree in the category of pointed commutative monoids in symmetric sequences and that Hochschild homology always possesses a Hodge decomposition in this setting. In addition we prove that the category of pointed differential graded commutative monoids in symmetric sequences has a model structure and that it is Quille…
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