The purpose of this note is to give a simple description of a (complete) family of functions in involution on certain hermitian symmetric spaces. This family, obtained via bi-hamiltonian approach using the Bruhat Poisson structure, is especially simple for the projective spaces, where the formulas in terms of the moment map coordinates are presented. We show how these functions are related to the Gelfand-Tsetlin coordinates. We also show how the Lenard scheme can be applied.
We relate Kostant's theorem on the cohomology of a flag manifold $G/B$ with the geometry of the Bruhat-Poisson structure. We express Kostant's harmonic forms in terms of the moment maps (for the torus action) and the Liouville volume forms for the symplectic structures on the Schubert cells induced by the Bruhat-Poisson structure. We do this by writing everything down explicitly in some coordinates on each cell.
Given a standard complex semisimple Poisson Lie group $(G, π_{st})$, generalised double Bruhat cells $G^{u, v}$ and generalised Bruhat cells $O^u$ equipped with naturally defined holomorphic Poisson structures, where u, v are finite sequences of Weyl group elements, were defined and studied by Jiang Hua Lu and the author. We prove in this paper that $G^{u,u}$ is naturally a Poisson groupoid over $O^u$, extending a result from the aforementioned authors about double Bruhat cells in $(G, π_{st})$. Our result on $G^{u,u}$ is obtained as an application of a construction interesting in its own righ…
Let $G$ be a connected complex semisimple Lie group, equipped with a standard multiplicative Poisson structure $π_{\rm st}$ determined by a pair of opposite Borel subgroups $(B, B_-)$. We prove that for each $v$ in the Weyl group $W$ of $G$, the double Bruhat cell $G^{v,v} = BvB \cap B_-vB_-$ in $G$, together with the Poisson structure $π_{\rm st}$, is naturally a Poisson groupoid over the Bruhat cell $BvB/B$ in the flag variety $G/B$. Correspondingly, every symplectic leaf of $π_{\rm st}$ in $G^{v,v}$ is a symplectic groupoid over $BvB/B$. For $u, v \in W$, we show that the double Bruhat cell…
We study a class of Poisson-Nijenhuis systems defined on compact hermitian symmetric spaces, where the Nijenhuis tensor is defined as the composition of Kirillov-Konstant-Souriau symplectic form with the so called Bruhat-Poisson structure. We determine its spectrum. In the case of Grassmannians the eigenvalues are the Gelfand-Tsetlin variables. We introduce the abelian algebra of collective hamiltonians defined by a chain of nested subalgebras and prove complete integrability. By construction, these models are integrable with respect to both Poisson structures. The eigenvalues of the Nijenhuis…
Let $G$ be a connected complex semi-simple Lie group, and let $Z_{\bf u}$ be an $n$-dimensional Bott-Samelson variety of $G$, where ${\bf u}$ is any sequence of simple reflections in the Weyl group of $G$. We study the Poisson structure $π_n$ on $Z_{\bf u}$ defined by a standard multiplicative Poisson structure $π_{\rm st}$ on $G$. We explicitly express $π_n$ on each of the $2^n$ affine coordinate charts, one for every subexpression of ${\bf u}$, in terms of the root strings and the structure constants of the Lie algebra of $G$. We show that the restriction of $π_n$ to each affine coordinate c…
In the present work, the integrable bi-Hamiltonian hierarchies related to compatible nonlocal Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type are effectively constructed. For achieving this aim, first of all, the problem on the canonical form of a special type for compatible nonlocal Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type is solved.
We solve the problem of reducing to the simplest and convenient for our purposes, canonical form for an arbitrary pair of compatible nonlocal Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type generated by metrics of constant Riemannian curvature in order to get an effective construction of the integrable hierarchies related to all these compatible Poisson brackets.
We study local normal forms for completely integrable systems on Poisson manifolds in the presence of additional symmetries. The symmetries that we consider are encoded in actions of compact Lie groups. The existence of Weinstein's splitting theorem for the integrable system is also studied giving some examples in which such a splitting does not exist, i.e. when the integrable system is not, locally, a product of an integrable system on the symplectic leaf and an integrable system on a transversal. The problem of splitting for integrable systems with additional symmetries is also considered.
Conservation laws, heirarchies, scattering theory and Bäcklund transformations are known to be the building blocks of integrable partial differential equations. We identify these as facets of a theory of Poisson group actions, and apply the theory to the ZS-AKNS nxn heirarchy (which includes the non-linear Schrödinger equation, modified KdV, and the n-wave equation). We also discuss a number of applications in geometry, including the sine-Gordon equation, harmonic maps, Schrödinger flows on Hermitian symmetric spaces, Darboux orthogonal coordinates, and isometric immerisons of one space form i…
We construct families of functions in involution for transverse Poisson structures at nilpotent elements of Lie-Poisson structures on simple Lie algebras by using the argument shift method. Examples show that these families contain completely integrable systems that consist of polynomial functions. We provide a uniform construction of these integrable systems for an infinite family of distinguished nilpotent elements of semisimple type.
We provide an alternative method for obtaining of compatible Poisson structures on Lie groups by means of the adjoint representations of Lie algebras. In this way, we calculate some compatible Poisson structures on four dimensional and nilpotent six dimensional symplectic real Lie groups. Then using Magri-Morosi's theorem we obtain new bi-Hamiltonian systems with four dimensional and nilpotent six dimensional symplectic real Lie groups as phase spaces.
The nonlinear equations for the general nonsingular pairs of compatible nonlocal Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type are derived and the integrability of these equations by the method of inverse scattering problem is proved. For these equations, the Lax pairs with a spectral parameter are presented. Moreover, we demonstrate the integrability of the equations for some especially important partial classes of compatible nonlocal Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type, in particular, for the most important case when one of the compatible Poisson brackets is local and also for the case when one of…
The Mishchenko-Fomenko conjecture says that for each real or complex finite-dimensional Lie algebra $\goth g$ there exists a complete set of commuting polynomials on its dual space $\goth g^*$. In terms of the theory of integrable Hamiltonian systems this means that the dual space $\goth g^*$ endowed with the standard Lie-Poisson bracket admits polynomial integrable Hamiltonian systems. Recently this conjecture has been proved by S.T. Sadetov. Following his idea, we give an explicit geometric construction for commuting polynomials on $\goth g^*$ and consider some examples.
An analogue of the Hofer metric $\varrho_H$ on the Hamiltonian group $Ham(M,Λ)$ of a Poisson manifold $(M,Λ)$ can be defined but there is the problem of its non-degeneracy. First we observe that $\varrho_H$ is a genuine metric on $Ham(M,Λ)$ when the union of all closed leaves (as subsets of $M$) of the corresponding symplectic foliation is dense. Next we deal with the important class of integrable Poisson manifolds. Recall that a Poisson manifold is called integrable if it can be realized as the space of units of a symplectic groupoid. Our main result states that $\varrho_H$ is a Hofer type me…
For a connected abelian Lie group T acting on a Poisson manifold (Y,π) by Poisson isomorphisms, the T-leaves of π in Y are, by definition, the orbits of the symplectic leaves of π under T, and the leaf stabilizer of a T-leaf is the subspace of the Lie algebra of T that is everywhere tangent to all the symplectic leaves in the T-leaf. In this paper, we first develop a general theory on T-leaves and leaf stabilizers for a class of Poisson structures defined by Lie bialgebra actions and quasitriangular r-matrices. We then apply the general theory to four series of holomorphic Poisson structures o…
We characterize the harmonic forms on a flag manifold $K/T$ defined by Kostant in 1963 in terms of a Poisson structure. Namely, they are ``Poisson harmonic" with respect to the so-called Bruhat Poisson structure on $K/T$. This enables us to give Poisson geometrical proofs of many of the special properties of these harmonic forms. In particular, we construct explicit representatives for the Schubert basis of the $S^1$-equivariant cohomology of $K/T$, where the $S^1$-action is defined by $ρ$. Using a simple argument in equivariant cohomology, we recover the connection between the Kostant harmoni…
We prove that a holomorphic Lie algebroid is integrable if, and only if, its underlying real Lie algebroid is integrable. Thus the integrability criteria of Crainic-Fernandes do also apply in the holomorphic context without any modification. As a consequence we give another proof of the following theorem: a holomorphic Poisson manifold is integrable if, and only if, its real (or imaginary) part is integrable as a real Poisson manifold.
We induce a Poisson algebra $\{\cdot,\cdot\}_{\mathcal{C}_{n,N}}$ on the configuration space $\mathcal{C}_{n,N}$ of $N$ twisted polygons in $\mathbb{RP}^{n-1}$ from the swapping algebra \cite{L12}, which is found coincide with Faddeev-Takhtajan-Volkov algebra for $n=2$. There is another Poisson algebra $\{\cdot,\cdot\}_{S2}$ on $\mathcal{C}_{2,N}$ induced from the first Adler-Gelfand-Dickey Poissson algebra by Miura transformation. By observing that these two Poisson algebras are asymptotically related to the dual to the Virasoro algebra, finally, we prove that $\{\cdot,\cdot\}_{\mathcal{C}_{2…
It is well known that functions in involution with respect to Poisson brackets have a privileged role in the theory of completely integrable systems. Finding functionally independent functions in involution with a given function $h$ on a Poisson manifold is a fundamental problem of this theory and is very useful for the explicit integration of the equations of motion defined by $h$. In this paper, we present our results on the study of the inverse, so to speak, problem. By developing a technique analogous to that presented in P. Damianou and F. Petalidou, Poisson brackets with prescribed Casim…
We give a normal form for families of 3-dimensional Poisson structures. This allows us to classify singularities with nonzero 1-jet and typical bifurcations. The Appendix contains corollaries on classification of families of integrable 1-forms on $R^3
In this note a functorial approach to the integration problem of an LA-groupoid to a double Lie groupoid is discussed. To do that, we study the notions of fibred products in the categories of Lie groupoids and Lie algebroids, giving necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such. In particular, it turns out, that the fibred product of Lie algebroids along integrable morphisms is always integrable by a fibred product of Lie groupoids. We show that to every LA-groupoid with integrable top structure one can associate a differentiable graph in the category of Lie groupoids, which is…
We study invariant Nijenhuis $(1,1)$-tensors on a homogeneous space $G/K$ of a reductive Lie group $G$ from the point of view of integrability of a Hamiltonian system of differential equations with the $G$-invariant Hamiltonian function on the cotangent bundle $T^*(G/K)$. Such a tensor induces an invariant Poisson tensor $Π_1$ on $T^*(G/K)$, which is Poisson compatible with the canonical Poisson tensor $Π_{T^*(G/K)}$. This Poisson pair can be reduced to the space of $G$-invariant functions on $T^*(G/K)$ and produces a family of Poisson commuting $G$-invariant functions. We give, in Lie algebra…
