Using the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz we consider the correlation functions of the integrable higher spin chains. We apply a method recently developed for the spin $\frac 12$ Heisenberg chain, based on the solution of the quantum inverse problem. We construct a representation for the correlation functions on a finite chain for arbitrary spin. Then we show how the string solutions of the Bethe equations can be considered in the framework of this approach in the thermodynamic limit. Finally, a multiple integral representation for the spin 1 zero temperature correlation functions is obtained in the thermodynamic limit.
In this paper we propose a method based on the algebraic Bethe ansatz leading to explicit results for the form factors of quantum spin chains in the thermodynamic limit. Starting from the determinant representations we retrieve in particular the formula for the two-spinon form factors for the isotropic XXX Heisenberg chain obtained initially in the framework of the $q$-vertex operator approach.
In this note we construct Q-operators for the spin s open Heisenberg XXX chain with diagonal boundaries in the framework of the quantum inverse scattering method. Following the algebraic Bethe ansatz we diagonalise the introduced Q-operators using the fundamental commutation relations. By acting on Bethe off-shell states and explicitly evaluating the trace in the auxiliary space we compute the eigenvalues of the Q-operators in terms of Bethe roots and show that the unwanted terms vanish if the Bethe equations are satisfied.
We present a general method of folding an integrable spin chain, defined on a line, to obtain an integrable open spin chain, defined on a half-line. We illustrate our method through two fundamental models with sl(2) Lie algebra symmetry: the Heisenberg XXX and the Inozemtsev hyperbolic spin chains. We obtain new long-range boundary Hamiltonians and demonstrate that they exhibit Yangian symmetries, thus ensuring integrability of the models we obtain. The method presented provides a "bottom-up" approach for constructing integrable boundaries and can be applied to any spin chain model.
We consider integrable boundary states in the XXX spin-1/2 spin chain. We begin by briefly reviewing the algebraic Bethe Ansatz as well as integrable boundary states in spin chains. Then a recently discovered class of integrable states known as crosscap states is described and expanded. In these states each spin is entangled with its antipodal spin. We present a novel proof of the integrability of both a crosscap state that is known in the literature and one that has not previously been studied. We then use the machinery of the algebraic Bethe Ansatz to derive the overlaps between the crosscap…
The Master T-Operator for Inhomogeneous XXX Spin Chain and mKP Hierarchy
在[Alexandrov A.，Kazakov V.，Leurent S.，坪井Z Zabrodin A.，J. High Energy Phys.2013（2013），no.9，064，65 pages，arXiv：1112.3310]，我们展示了如何构造具有扭曲边界条件的量子非均匀GL（N）XXX自旋链的主T算子。它满足经典mKP族的双线性恒等式和Hirota方程。我们还描述了一类的解决方案，对应于主T-运营商的特征值的mKP层次和研究动态的频谱参数的函数，他们的零点。这意味着量子自旋链和经典的鲁伊斯塞纳斯-施奈德质点系之间有着显著的联系。
We consider XXX spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg chain with non-diagonal boundary conditions. We obtain a compact determinant representation for the scalar product of on-shell and off-shell Bethe vectors. In the particular case when both Bethe vectors are on shell, we obtain a determinant representation for the norm of on-shell Bethe vector and prove orthogonality of the on-shell vectors corresponding to the different eigenvalues of the transfer matrix.
We propose a non-standard separation of variables for the classical integrable XXX and XXZ spin chains with degenerate twist matrix. We show that for the case of such twist matrices one can interchange the role of classical separating functions $A(u)$ and $B(u)$ and construct a new full set of separated variables, satisfying simpler equation of separation and simpler Abel equations in comparison with the standard separated variables of Sklyanin. We show that for certain cases of the twist matrices the constructed separated variables can be directly identified with action-angle coordinates.
Using the fermionic basis we obtain the expectation values of all $\slt$-invariant and $C$-invariant local operators on 10 sites for the anisotropic six-vertex model on a cylinder with generic Matsubara data. This is equivalent to the generalised Gibbs ensemble for the XXX spin chain. In the case when the $\slt$ and $C$ symmetries are not broken this computation is equivalent to finding the entire density matrix up to 10 sites. As application, we compute the entanglement entropy without and with temperature, and compare the results with CFT predictions.
We consider the XXX open spin-1/2 chain with the most general non-diagonal boundary terms, that we solve by means of the quantum separation of variables (SoV) approach. We compute the scalar products of separate states, a class of states which notably contains all the eigenstates of the model. As usual for models solved by SoV, these scalar products can be expressed as some determinants with a non-trivial dependance in terms of the inhomogeneity parameters that have to be introduced for the method to be applicable. We show that these determinants can be transformed into alternative ones in whi…
We prove the modified algebraic Bethe Ansatz characterization of the spectral problem for the closed XXX Heisenberg spin chain with an arbitrary twist and arbitrary positive (half)-integer spin at each site of the chain. We provide two basis to characterize the spectral problem and two families of inhomogeneous Baxter T-Q equations. The two families satisfy an inhomogeneous quantum Wronskian equation.
We consider the isotropic spin$-\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg chain with the most general integrable boundaries. The scalar product between the on-shell Bethe vector and its off-shell dual, obtained by means of the modified algebraic Bethe ansatz, is given by a modified Slavnov formula. The corresponding Gaudin-Korepin formula, \textit{i.e.}, the square of the norm, is also obtained.
In this article we study the relation between the eigenstates of open rational spin $\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg chains with different boundary conditions. The focus lies on the relation between the spin chain with diagonal boundary conditions and the spin chain with triangular boundary conditions as well as the class of spin chains that can be brought to such form by certain similarity transformations in the physical space. The boundary driven Symmetric Simple Exclusion Process (open SSEP) belongs to the latter. We derive a transformation that maps the eigenvectors of the diagonal spin chain to t…
We explain how to compute correlation functions at zero temperature within the framework of the quantum version of the Separation of Variables (SoV) in the case of a simple model: the XXX Heisenberg chain of spin 1/2 with twisted (quasi-periodic) boundary conditions. We first detail all steps of our method in the case of anti-periodic boundary conditions. The model can be solved in the SoV framework by introducing inhomogeneity parameters. The action of local operators on the eigenstates are then naturally expressed in terms of multiple sums over these inhomogeneity parameters. We explain how …
We consider closed XXX spin chains with broken total spin $U(1)$ symmetry within the framework of the modified algebraic Bethe ansatz. We study multiple actions of the modified monodromy matrix entries on the modified Bethe vectors. The obtained formulas of the multiple actions allow us to calculate the scalar products of the modified Bethe vectors. We find an analog of Izergin-Korepin formula for the scalar products. This formula involves modified Izergin determinants and can be expressed as sums over partitions of the Bethe parameters.
The implementation of the algebraic Bethe ansatz for the XXZ Heisenberg spin chain, of arbitrary spin-$s$, in the case, when both reflection matrices have the upper-triangular form is analyzed. The general form of the Bethe vectors is studied. In the particular form, Bethe vectors admit the recurrent procedure, with an appropriate modification, used previously in the case of the XXX Heisenberg chain. As expected, these Bethe vectors yield the strikingly simple expression for the off-shell action of the transfer matrix of the chain as well as the spectrum of the transfer matrix and the correspo…
We study solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations of the non-homogeneous periodic XXX model associated to super Yangian $\mathrm Y(\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n})$. To a solution we associate a rational difference operator $\mathcal D$ and a superspace of rational functions $W$. We show that the set of complete factorizations of $\mathcal D$ is in canonical bijection with the variety of superflags in $W$ and that each generic superflag defines a solution of the Bethe ansatz equation. We also give the analogous statements for the quasi-periodic supersymmetric spin chains.
We consider the isotropic spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg spin chain weakly perturbed by a local translationally- and $SU(2)$-invariant perturbation. Starting from the local integrals of motion of the unperturbed model, we modify them in order to obtain quasi-conserved integrals of motion (charges) for the perturbed model. Such quasi-conserved quantities are believed to be responsible for the existence of the prethermalization phase at intermediate timescales. We find that for a sufficiently local perturbation the quasi-conserved quantities indeed exist, and we construct an explicit form for the first f…
We study the scalar products between Bethe states in the XXZ spin chain with anisotropy $|Δ|>1$ in the semi-classical limit where the length of the spin chain and the number of magnons tend to infinity with their ratio kept finite and fixed. Our method is a natural yet non-trivial generalization of similar methods developed for the XXX spin chain. The final result can be written in a compact form as a contour integral in terms of Faddeev's quantum dilogarithm function, which in the isotropic limit reduces to the classical dilogarithm function.
In this article we study the thermodynamic limit of the form factors of the XXX Heisenberg spin chain using the algebraic Bethe ansatz approach. Our main goal is to express the form factors for the low-lying excited states as determinants of matrices that remain finite dimensional in the thermodynamic limit. We show how to treat all types of the complex roots of the Bethe equations within this framework. In particular we demonstrate that the Gaudin determinant for the higher level Bethe equations arises naturally from the algebraic Bethe ansatz.
The structure of Bethe vectors for generalised models associated with the XXX- and XXZ-type R-matrix is investigated. The Bethe vectors in terms of two--component and multi--component models are described. Consequently, their structure in terms of local variables and operators is provided. This, as a consequence, proves the equivalence of coordinate and algebraic Bethe ansatzes for the Heisenberg XXX and XXZ spin chains.
We derive exactly the number of complex solutions with two down-spins in the massive regime of the periodic spin-1/2 XXZ spin chain of $N$ sites. Here we remark that every solution of the Bethe ansatz equations is characterized by a set of quantum numbers. We derive them analytically for all the complex solutions in the sector, which we call two-string solutions. We show that in a region of $N$ and $Δ$ the number of two-string solutions is by two larger than the number due to the string hypothesis, i.e., an extra pair of two-strings appears. We determine it exactly and also such regions where …
Bethe ansatz equations for spin-$s$ Heisenberg spin chain with $s\ge1$ are significantly more difficult to analyze than the spin-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ case, due to the presence of repeated roots. As a result, it is challenging to derive extra conditions for the Bethe roots to be physical and study the related completeness problem. In this paper, we propose the rational $Q$-system for the XXX$_s$ spin chain. Solutions of the proposed $Q$-system give all and only physical solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations required by completeness. This is checked numerically and proved rigorously. The rational $Q…
