面向对象程序设计专长对理解策略多个维度的影响
The Effect of Object-Oriented Programming Expertise in Several Dimensions of Comprehension Strategies
摘要：
本研究分析了面向对象（OO）程序理解的专家和新手。我们从三个维度考察了专业知识对理解策略的影响：理解的范围，自上而下与自下而上的过程方向，以及理解活动的指导。总体而言，受试者的理解范围相似，尽管专家倾向于查阅更多的文件。我们发现了强有力的证据，自上而下，推理驱动的行为，以及专家理解的多重指导。我们还发现了证据的执行为基础的指导和较少使用的自上而下的过程中新手的理解。在OO程序中，继承和组合关系的指导并不占主导地位，但在专家程序理解中发挥了重要作用。然而，这些与程序的OO性质更紧密联系的静态关系被新手利用得很差。最后，这些结果进行了讨论，相对于文学程序的理解。
英文摘要：
This study analyzes object-oriented (OO) program comprehension by experts and novices. We examine the effect of expertise in three dimensions of comprehension strategies: the scope of the comprehension, the top-down versus bottom-up direction of the processes, and the guidance of the comprehension activity. Overall, subjects were similar in the scope of their comprehension, although the experts tended to consult more files. We found strong evidence of top-down, inference-driven behaviors, as well as multiple guidance in expert comprehension. We also found evidence of execution-based guidance and less use of top-down processes in novice comprehension. Guidance by inheritance and composition relationships in the OO program was not dominant, but nevertheless played a substantial role in expert program comprehension. However, these static relationships more closely tied to the OO nature of the program were exploited poorly by novices. To conclude, these results are discussed with respect to the literature on procedural program comprehension.
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