早期互联网创业者的公民参与：趋势还是阶段？
Civic Engagement among Early Internet Adopters: Trend or Phase?
摘要：
本文提出的证据承担的问题的长期影响，互联网的扩散对公民参与的地理社区。它利用了2000年秋季在建立社区计算机网络的四个美国城镇收集的调查数据的结果。这项研究表明，较早采用互联网的人比较晚采用互联网的人更有可能参与公民活动，并有更高水平的社区参与。此外，早期采用者更有可能使用互联网来增加其社区参与和政治参与。所有四个网站的后来采用者都表现出较少参与当地社区，对在线或离线的政治活动和信息不太感兴趣。这些发现强化了Kohut（1999）的研究结果，即较晚采用者的公民意识较低，而对消费者和商业应用（如购物和娱乐）更感兴趣。这四个地点的证据与弗吉尼亚州布莱克斯堡的早期发现（Kavanaugh，2000; Patterson和Kavanaugh，2001; Kavanaugh和Patterson，2001）以及其他关于早期创新采用者的研究（Rogers，1983; Kohut，1999; Valente，1995等）一致。本文报告的结果支持了这样一种观点，即公民参与和社区参与的增加主要是由于早期采用者的行为，使这种增加成为一个阶段，而不是一种趋势。随着后来的采用者上网，使用互联网参与社区或公民参与的情况减少了。从长远来看，我们可以预期，互联网接入可能只会对社区参与和地理社区的公民参与产生适度的影响。
英文摘要：
This paper brings evidence to bear on the question of the long-term effects of Internet diffusion on civic engagement in geographic communities. It draws on findings from survey data collected in four U.S. towns and cities in fall 2000 where community computer networking is established. The study shows that early adopters of the Internet are more likely to engage in civic activities and to have higher levels of community involvement than later adopters. Further, early adopters are more likely to use the Internet to increase their community involvement and political participation. Later adopters in all four sites show less involvement in their local community and less interest in political activity and information, online or offline. These findings reinforce those of the Kohut (1999) study showing that later adopters are less civic minded and more interested than early adopters in consumer and commercial applications, such as shopping and entertainment. The evidence in these four sites is consistent with earlier findings in Blacksburg, Virginia (Kavanaugh, 2000; Patterson and Kavanaugh, 2001; Kavanaugh and Patterson, 2001) and other studies of early innovation adopters (Rogers, 1983; Kohut, 1999; Valente, 1995, among others). The results reported in this paper lend weight to the argument that increases in civic engagement and community involvement are due primarily to the behavior of early adopters, making such increases a phase, not a trend. As later adopters come on line, use of the Internet for community involvement or civic engagement decreases. In the long term, we can expect that Internet access may have only a modest effect on community involvement and civic engagement in geographic communities.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
